Eziphilayo zemvelo: ubudlelwane kunye nempembelelo

Xa uqala kuqala, imvelo zemvelo magama zibonakala nje awuhambisani. Noko ke, oko akunjalo. Into yokuba iziphumo zophando of physics kunye nokuqaliswa yabo imveliso mveliso yenye yemithombo ephambili ukuba zingcolise okusingqongileyo. Ngokubanzi le inzululwazi ukuba ushishino lwenyukliya namandla, kwakunye namanye amacandelo ezininzi loqoqosho lwesizwe. Ngoko ke akukho mfihlakalo ukuba bonke ukusa kumkhamo othile kakubi kuchaphazela imeko bume yendalo yomntu.

Ubudlelwane ngemvelo yemvelo

Kukho yingcaciso ezininzi uqeqesho kwekota ukuba ufunda okusingqongileyo kwi planethi yethu. Igama "eziphilayo" yaphakanyiswa liGosa sebhayoloji waseJamani Ernst Haeckel ngo 1866. Lo inzululwazi ezizimeleyo ezinxulumene endle yesifundo yebhayoloji zehlabathi ezingqongileyo.

Enye utoliko elithi "eziphilayo" kuluntu mihla ngumphakamo ungcoliseko technogenic kwezibonelelo Reserves, umhlaba kunye namanzi. Le lwesayensi i "physical" kakhulu. Emva kwenkulungwane yama-20. emsebenzini abaphengululi ezifana VI Vernadsky and A. Bogdanov, kwacetyiswa ukuba kukho imithetho umbutho kuphela kwindalo. Ewe nangoku ezingaphiliyo.

Ekuqaleni nenani-30 ukuya endaweni nokwakheka oluphuhliswe Newton, u ta va u umyinge indlela yakhe. VI Kwathi ke ngaloo minyaka; Vernadsky wabhala ukuba lo mntu yonke encinane okanye inkqubo quantum.

iingxaki zokusingqongileyo

Ngelo xesha langoku nophuhliso loluntu, abaphandi ukwakha umfanekiso yenzululwazi zehlabathi esekelwe kwimithetho yemvelo, ezityhila ngokufanelekileyo uthathe ingqalelo zonke iingxaki ezikhulayo zokusingqongileyo. imisebenzi yabantu abe nempembelelo kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu ukuba olu hlaselo kufuneka abekwe sikhokelo ethile yaye ngokuqinisekileyo ilungelelaniswe. Kungenjalo, nehlabathi lonke libe elijongene into ingenzeka ziintlekele zendalo.

Imfundo aselula

Ukuze ukusombulula iingxaki ezikhoyo kwi-bume esingqongileyo, kubalulekile ukuba athathe onke amanyathelo kunokwenzeka. Enye yazo umbutho efanelekileyo yezemfundo ngokusingqongileyo aselula. Abafundi kufuneka bakhokelwe kakuhle imithetho yendalo kunye kubudlelwane ekhoyo emibi, ngokunjalo kukwazi ukuphonononga aqikelele imiphumo yokungenelela kwabantu ehlabathini abaphila emhlabeni uMhlaba.

iinkqubo yemfundo kwilizwe lethu ziquka imfundo yokusingqongileyo njengesifundo ahlukeneyo. Ikhosi Independent kweli cala akayi kuqhutywa. Enigcoba imfundo enjalo iqukiwe izinto umxholo ezifana iJografi kunye nenzululwazi yendalo, neyezinto eziphilayo. A nolwalamano olusenyongweni nabanye nawo eziphilayo zemvelo.

Ukuvela lwamacandelo ezintsha

Zonke iinkqubo ezikhoyo kwindalo, ukufumana inkcazo yazo ngesayensi ethile. Kodwa maxa wambi kukho ukusetyenziswa ngaxeshanye izibonelelo efanayo kunye neendlela kwizinto ezahlukeneyo. Kungenxa yoko le nto yaqala ukuvela, imiyalelo ezintsha zophando. Le chemistry emzimbeni zemvelo amachiza, amayeza ngokwasemzimbeni physics zonyango. Noko ke, eyona ezichaphazelekayo ukuhlanganiswa inkcazo impumelelo zemvelo isayensi izifundo okusingqongileyo yabantu.

Lokungcangcazela nomsindo

izenzakalo ezifanayo kakhulu ngokucacileyo ukuchaza ulwalamano yemvelo kunye nendalo.

Cinga ingqikelelo lokungcangcazela. It is a intlokoma ezincinane ngomatshini, leyo ibonakala imizimba. Kulo mzekelo, njengoko yemvelo ezinxulumene nokusingqongileyo? Lokungcangcazela kuthiwa imiba ukuba umsebenzi omkhulu zebhayoloji, zichaphazela abantu. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo le meko, ingakumbi ezo imvelaphi eyenziwe ngumntu, ngaba oonobangela ezahlukeneyo sifo ithi emzimbeni. izifo eshukuma oluphezulu yesibini kuphela eluthulini xa ucinga izifo abaziingcali.

Kanye njengokuba physics ezinxulumene nokusingqongileyo? Ngokusebenzisa isifundo ingxolo. Le ngcamango isetyenziselwa ukugqiba yeseti izandi ezitsho ezahlukeneyo intensities. Ngokomzekelo, ethetha uluhlu-50 ukuya kuma-60 dB, kunye nomculo phezulu Kuqikelelwa ukuba ibe 70 dB. Ingxolo kuchaphazela umsebenzi ukusebenza komzimba womntu umzimba wakhe wonke. Xa baboniswa i-kwinqanaba eliphezulu izandi Inokwenzeka ezimbi ezahlukeneyo, ukuya ukuva ilahleko kunye zizithulu. Kwaye nanku ubudlelwane eziphilayo kwakunye physics zonyango. Sasifunda le nkalo imibuzo abe ezifanelekileyo ngokunxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwabantu, ingakumbi abaselula, Funny kunye nabadlali.

emasimini kagesi

Ecology yemvelo babe nolwalamano olusondeleyo ekufundeni EMF impilo yabantu. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo inikwa amasimi ezingenamandla ultra nesezantsi umoya, nto leyo isasaze izixhobo zale mihla kunye ezahlukeneyo izixhobo zonxibelelwano, kuquka iikhompyutha, Funny kunye nezinye izinto ze-elektroniki.

On iplanethi yethu, kukho EMFs zendalo. Kwindawo ezikuyo kwakukho ukuyilwa zonke iintlobo kunye neendidi eziphilayo. Kukho ezinye namasimi namhlanje. Kukho ephantsi-frequency (ukuya kutsho kumakhulu kilohertz). Ezi ziquka ubutsalane yendalo, ifumaneka ematyeni, umbane esesibhakabhakeni, izenzakalo zaselwandle nokurhoxa noTidali, imvelaphi ngamasuntswana yesiqalo.

Ngelo xesha, kukho EMF ezenziwe ngabantu. isifundo owawubhekisela zemvelo eziphilayo yobomi. radiation enjalo iya kukhuseleka ngokupheleleyo ngabantu, ukuba ixabiso elililo, ukuba ingadluli imvelaphi endalo kulo mhlaba. Ngu lokwenziwa EMF ziquka amasimi eveliswa izixhobo ze-elektroniki, TV nonomathotholo kwakunye esisigxina yaye mobile phones. Ifuthe lezi zinto kuxhomekeke ukuba inkoliso yabantu banamhla. Ngenxa yoko lezifundo aye abonisa ifuthe elibi EMF ezenziwe impilo yabantu. Kulo mzekelo kuphela ikwaziyo kakhulu le mpembelelo na amanzi avela kuyo ungaphinda iqulathe umzimba wethu. EMF ukutshintsha isakhiwo sayo, ngaloo ndlela ziyibuyisela umsebenzi kulwelo ezisebenzayo.

Physics kunceda okusingqongileyo kule meko? Iinzululwazi wabeka umsebenzi yokuyila iindlela ezisebenzayo EMF bangabonwa kunye neendlela ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko zonke izinto eziphilayo.

Ikhompyutha ne-ofisi izinto

Ekuqwalaseleni iqondo iziphumo eziyingozi le PC nayo ibandakanya iinkalo ezifana eziphilayo zemvelo. Ngaphezu koko, iikhompyutha zobuqu nefuthe elibi empilweni yethu kangangoko ngaphezu naziphi na ezinye izinto. Ngokutsho izifundo, emva kwemizuzu engama-45 kuphela lomsebenzi umsebenzisi PC ngaphandle yokhuseleko, elizifumeneyo ukucima kombane ebonakalayo neenkqubo zolawulo yento ephilayo.

Umngcipheko kubantu, kunye nezixhobo ze-ofisi ezifana iifowuni, ifeksi kunye neenkonzo ukufotokopa. Kukho nokuba amaqela athile abantu ezineempawu ngokwasengqondweni kwaye komzimba, nto leyo kucetyiswa ukuba kusebenza kwikhompyutha. Enye yezi ndidi - bantwana.

Yaye PC ziyingozi hayi kuphela abo babehleli ngqo emva esweni screen. radiation magnetic evela PC, ingakumbi ukusuka unikezelo layo igunya, isasazwa kumgama oyi-2.5 m. Le nto ifuthe kwezixhobo ofisi ngoku ekubeni into ebalulekileyo kuqwalaselwa ukhuseleko electromagnetic.

zasendlini

Ngaphandle nabancedisi zombane okwenyaniso akakwazi ukwenza umntu oyedwa namhlanje. Kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuba ukhumbule ukuba zonke izixhobo zombane iyasebenza AC ngamandla, i umthombo ngqo namasimi kagesi. Le oven kunye iifriji enamandla, nasezimbizeni zombane umbane. Ngokuthenga isixhobo esinjalo, kuyimfuneko ukuba banikele ingqalelo nokuhambisana neemfuno yokundwendwela yococeko esekwe ngumthetho imigangatho yococeko eziqulethwe MSanPiN 001-96.

radiation ionizing

ukusebenzisa Apho yemvelo ukuba nendalo? Imizekelo ubuhlobo ibonakala izifundo radiation. ukusebenza kwalo izinto eziphilayo kuba nomphumela determenirovanny threshold, a stochastic-mnyango.

Acute into echaphazela le zokukhanya olunye komzimba womntu idosi Ukutsalwa sidlula 0.25 wulwe. Iinqobo yale ubungakanani, ukuba uluhlu ukususela 0.25 ukuya ku-0.5 Hz, ukuba kuphela utshintsho elifutshane yegazi. Xa umthamo we 0.5 ukuya 1.5 Hz abantu kuvela ukudinwa, yaye ngamanye amaxesha into embi efana nokugabha.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abaphandi baye bafunda kakuhle iziphumo umzimba womntu, leyo uthwele radiation ionizing. Ukungqinelana iziphumo ezifunyenweyo baphuhlisa iintlobo ngeentlobo amanyathelo zonyango kunye othintelo ezinokuthi ukukhusela umzimba angene kuyo atom.

iinjini ubushushu

Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, kufuneka ahlangane rhoqo injini ezahlukeneyo. Baya bakhonza ukuqhuba iinqwelo-moya, iitrektara neenqanawa, kunye zamalahle kaloliwe. Ubushushu injini, njengoko umthetho, obuvelisiweyo kunye ombane. Yeyona imbonakalo kunye nophuhliso ngakumbi olu hlobo kwezixhobo zobugcisa negalelo kuphuhliso ngokukhawuleza zoshishino kwiinkulungwane 18-20.

Namhlanje singatsho kakuhle ukuba sisondele kakhulu iinjini ubushushu kunye nokusingqongileyo. isayensi Physics uhlola ilahleko ubushushu yeemowutha ezinjalo, obe ubaqhiphukisa ukwanda kwamandla lwangaphakathi hayi nje imizimba ezingqongileyo, kodwa umoya. Le mpembelelo ibangela greenhouse effect apha emoyeni, nto leyo iba nefuthe elibi ngobume bendalo.

Ukongeza, iziphumo ezinobungozi kokusingqongileyo kufuneka iinjini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi iinqwelo-moya, iimoto, neziko efunekayo yokuqhuba izityalo wamandla oshushu. bonke singcolisa umoya luyingozi kakhulu arhente zethu zempilo, ngubani emva ungene emanzini kumphezulu kunye nomhlaba. Konke oku kubangela utshintsho ezinkulu-bume yethu.

Yiyiphi imisebenzi physics ezinxulumene nokusingqongileyo? Kwilizwe lethu, silwa esebenzayo ungcoliseko lomoya. Oko ukuphucula ukusebenza iinjini thermal of izithuthi, ukusetyenziswa ngobuchule amafutha, kunye sahluli igesi flue. TEP kunye nezinye izinto zalo hlobo kukwaziswa ezinzima ekrwada zize zakhiwe ubude umbhobho zeemoto.

isimo ndaba

Xa isifundo yalo mbandela kubonakala ngokucacileyo ikhonkco into yemvelo nendalo. Imizekelo yalo inokufumaneka kwizimanga zendalo, njengoko umjikelo wamanzi. Xa ukufunda isihloko vaporization kunye amafu ngokucacileyo unxibelelwano ebonakalayo phakathi kwezi inzululwazi mabini. Eneneni, kwindalo phantsi kwazo zonke iimeko lobushushu kwenzeka ukuba komphunga ukufuma ukusuka kumphezulu womhlaba kunye namanzi.

Ukudlula yamanzi ngobume Umphunga incitshisiwe kwi phezulu emoyeni. Ngenxa kule meko kuyilwa amafu amhlophe kwaye emhlabeni dewing, isichotho okanye ikhephu. Kwindalo, kukho ukulingana ethile phakathi isixa amanzi aphuma ngokomphushu phezu komhlaba, yaye oko apha emoyeni.

Kulo mzekelo, njengoko isiphumo physics kokusingqongileyo? Umntu njengobuchule enamandla owadalwa le inzululwazi unako ukutshabalalisa amadama, ekhokelela uphazamiseko eseleyo zendalo. Urhulumente omtsha iza kuba ingaqhelekanga eziphilayo ezihlala kule ndawo. Kungenxa yoko le nto phambi kokuba wenze i abangena ngemvelo, indoda kubalulekile ukuba ukuhlola konke imiphumo yezenzo zabo kunokwenzeka.

nokuhanjiswa

Le meko ifundwa kwiiklasi physics. Noko ke, ngaxeshanye ukuqwalasela abafundi kufuneka bafunde malunga nokuhanjiswa yendalo iya kuhlala esona sizathu sokuba emhlabeni, ezingcolisa umoya namanzi zabiwa.

Umzekelo umsebenzi izityalo metallurgical. Ekubeni nkcithakalo Velocity encinane betekisi ngenxa ipipi lwabo igesi mhlawumbi nokwanda kwezinto ezinobungozi kwindawo apho kukho imveliso. Ngaphezu koko, ngenxa Kunikwa izinto ezinobungozi ndzulu zibe izityalo kunye nezilwanyana kunye nabantu.

iintlobo zoqeqesho

Kulo meko, bayiphumeza ukuphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo amathuba abafundi zemfundo lokusingqongileyo? Oku kufuna ukusetyenziswa zonke iintlobo ntetho ukuba i amisiweyo kwaye leba umsebenzi, imisebenzi leba, ukusombulula iingxaki yemvelo kunye nomxholo eziphilayo.

Yimeko ebalulekileyo kwimpumelelo uya kuba ubambe abantwana lweeprojekthi zophando ezahlukeneyo, ukujongana nemiba nokhuselo lokusingqongileyo kunye nempilo yabantu. Kaloku khumbula izinto ezingenisiweyo kwaye kuya kuvumela utitshala waxelela tale eziphilayo physics. Eziphilayo kufuneka abe khona ngohlobo abalinganiswa ezinkulu nezincinane, izenzo zabo kunye neendlela impumelelo njongo.

Ekubeni izifundo utitshala physics byi ingqalelo elikhulu ngesisombululo iingxaki, kubalulekile nje ukunika umxholo lwendalo imeko yabo, kodwa ukutsala abafundi ukuba baxoxe izisombululo phantsi iingxaki ezikhoyo ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa amafutha kunye energy izixhobo, luhlaza zothutho, amashishini kunye nezolimo kuqoqosho.