Ubume kunye nokubekwa ubulembu. Iintlobo ngeentlobo ubulembu, "iflakisi Kukushkin" moss "phoenix"

Owokuqala ukuba ndingenile kulo ilizwe, ezimila ngelo xesha lakalokunje, ngco ubulembu. Eziphilayo kuye indawo eyahlukileyo ukulungiselela ukufunda eli qela - bryology. Oosonzululwazi lubonisa ukuba ubomi basuka emanzini. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lona lisiza olufumanayo iimpawu oko kwabanceda ukuba ukukhula kwiimeko zembalela. Further yendaleko yakhokelela ukuba ukuvela eziphila ibihlungu-izityalo.

yeempawu ezibonakalayo zesakhiwo

Ukunaba Moss zizityalo eziphezulu. Babonakala izixwexwe sisityalo lokuqala - iqela leseli zizodwa. Le yengundoqo kunye inyama photosynthesis. Ekubeni conductive kwaye zomatshini izihlunu ndingekho, ubulembu umzimba umelwe thallus ezifana nezinto ezimdaka. Nangona kunjalo, iye isakhiwo yegqabi. Umsebenzi uncamathiselo kwi zeendawana kunye sokufunxa amanzi kunye nezondlo wathwala rhizoids. Ukusuka kwezi iingcambu luphawulwa ngokungabikho kwithishyu.

abameli ebalaseleyo eli qela ngezityalo moss "phoenix", "iflakisi Kukushkin", sphagnum marchantia.

umjikelezo

Gcobisa Moss siyakwazi nokuzala asexually kwaye ngesondo ngendlela. Ngoko ke, i alternation ecacileyo kwizizukulwana kwenzeka kumjikelo ubomi babo - ocansini (gametophyte) kunye maqanda (sporophyte).

Gametophyte of ubulembu yi isiqu encinane amagqabi, ezo nokuphuhlisa okuzala - gametes. Ngexesha kokukhulelwa iqanda eye ngamadlozi. Ukuze wenze oku, umele abe amanzi. Kungenxa yoko le nto uhlala ubulembu ezikhula kwiindawo efumileyo umhlaba. Isiphumo ndiseyimbumba ukuvela kwi sizukulwana maqanda. Sporophyte ikhula kwi gametophyte kwaye imele umlenze filamentary ezomileyo kunye nebhokisi. Ngaphakathi kuyo iingxabano - iiseli yokuzala maqanda. Bawaphakela ngaphandle kwebhokisi, kwaye elisandul 'ukusekwa ihlumelo yegqabi gametophyte. Asinto kunzima ukuthelekelela ukuba umjikelo wobomi ubulembu esilawulwa isizukulwana ngokwesondo. Ekubeni bonke beqhelile, ukuba ikhangeleka kwikhaphethi eluhlaza ethambileyo.

iiklasi moss

Ulwahlulo lwe bryophytes isekelwe umahluko iimpawu yokwakheka kwaye morphological ngesakhiwo ezi eziphilayo.

moss Green zizityalo ezizodwa. Ngoko ke, moss , "Kukushkin iflakisi" uyakwazi ukufunxa amanzi 4 phinda ubukhulu bayo. umbala wabo zana-mdaka, ubukhulu becala Perennials. Ukuba ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, ligubungela ikhaphethi eqhubekayo eluhlaza nawuphi na umgangatho - umhlaba, igada kophahla. Ekuphela imeko - ubukho rhoqo ukufuma. Ngenxa yokuba kungekho manzi, ezi eziphilayo abakwazi nokuzala.

Abanye babo, ezifana moss "phoenix", ziyakwazi ukuphila emanzini. Esi sityalo esihle got igama layo ngenxa ukufana kunye nomsila edume wentsomi intaka Phoenix. Yena nabalulamileyo ngokupheleleyo, uyasinda nkqu amanzi nzima na ukukhanya. Ekubeni engenayo evela eMelika, ubushushu amanzi elilelona kwakhona akukho ezibalulekileyo kwaye isusela ukusuka degrees 18 ukuya kwi-30. Moss "Phoenix" baneembono entle umthombo eluhlaza, "elibaleka" kunye zokuhombisa Aquarium amanzi.

White okanye nja- moss zifumaneka ngokufuthi imigxobhozo. Ummeli eli qela sphagnum moss. It has isakhiwo uphawu amagqabi, leyo iqanjwa iintlobo ezimbini iiseli. Befundisi isakhelo eqhelekileyo kwaye ziqulathe plastids green chloroplasts ukuphumeza photosynthesis. Okwesibini elikhulu, ufile, ecacileyo. Bona ephakathi iiseli ngokuba yiklorofili. Kufuneka ukulima ebalulekileyo. Ukudla izixa ezikhulu zamanzi, baye bakwazi ukuqhuba nto ixesha elide, ukuqanda zabo, enika iiseli ophilileyo, ukuba kuyimfuneko. Apho elihlala sphagnum moss, umhlaba uqalisa ijike ibe kumgxobhozo ngokukhawuleza.

Intsingiselo mossy

Bryophyta, kunye namanye amaqela bryophytes ezi drives ezinamandla ukufuma. Imbonakalo yabo umqondiso enzulu malunga ekuqaleni zokuxinana kwamanzi. Kwelinye icala, le nkqubo kunciphisa kakhulu ariya ekhululekileyo umhlaba olimekayo. Kwelinye - meko ukuze kwakhiwe nja-. Oku minerals ezixabisekileyo zisetyenziswa zokubasa, izichumisi, izinto kushishino chemical. amalungu amaninzi eli qela ngezityalo ibenomtsalane kakhulu yobuhle imbonakalo. Ngoko ke, "phoenix" moss isetyenziselwa ukuyila akwariyam. Ubulembu uyekele izinto ezithile - acid. Ezi zinto zinokonakalisa kwiliwa eziqinileyo, ekukhuthazeni ukubunjwa komhlaba.