Izinto yombane eesekethe zombane. Nemifanekiso izinto circuit

zibaluleke kakhulu kubomi umntu oluphucukileyo mihla izixhobo zombane. Kodwa umsebenzi wabo kuyimfuneko ukuba agcine inani iimfuno. Kwalapha kwisihloko, sicinga ngenyameko izinto yombane eesekethe zombane kunye nendlela asebenza.

Yintoni ekufuneka ukuba usebenzise izixhobo zombane?

Kuya kufuneka ukuba isetyenziswe ekusebenzeni kwisekethe yombane. Umnqophiso walo - ukudlulisa iyunithi amandla unike imo yokusebenza oyifunayo. Yintoni kuthiwa isekethe yombane? Libhekisela ingqokelela yezinto kunye nezixhobo uhlobo ngumendo wangoku we intshukumo. Ngaloo iinkqubo umoya linokuchazwa yi ngolwazi malunga umbane, kwakunye nezo ebonelela amandla electromotive kunye nengxabano. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba xa ethetha ngayo ingqiqo nje elementi wesekethe enjalo, umlo kulo mzekelo kuya kudlala indima enkulu.

Le bokuqonda elinemibala graphic

I ngcono ukuba ukuhlalutya, abale kwisekethe yombane, kuba uchazwa nje scheme. Uqulathe eyona iisimboli lweziqalelo, kunye neendlela lonxibelelwano. Ngokubanzi, yintoni na yombane ngohlobo kwezikim, ukunika ukuqonda kakuhle lapapasha amanqaku photos. Ngamaxesha athile, unako ukufumana imifanekiso esuka kwezinye izikim. Kutheni na le nto? Amagama ye elements yombane wadala kwi kummandla ico kunye namanye amazwe, kancinane eyahlukileyo. Oku kungenxa ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo graphic lokumakishela.
izinto ezisisiseko yombane, kuxhomekeka kubume indima izikimu zingahlulwa ngokungqinelana kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Njengenxalenye inqaku zabo ziya kuqwalaselwa ezintathu.

iintlobo izinto

Baya lungahlulwa-hlulwa zibe ngamaqela amathathu:

1. izinto Power. A phawu olulodwa olu hlobo izinto kukuba na ukuguqula uhlobo oluthile lwamandla (ngokuqhelekileyo ekhemikhali) zibe amandla ombane. Kukho iindidi ezimbini zemithombo: lokuqala, xa amandla ombane iguqulelwa olunye uhlobo, nezasesekondari, leyo owongozelelweyo Chicken sele amandla ombane (kwifowni ekulungiseni nga uzibhale njengomzekelo).
2. abathengi amandla. Zenza ombane ibe enye into (ukukhanya, ubushushu).
3. izinto Auxiliary. Ezi ziquka iindidi amacandelo, ngaphandle apho wesekethe yokwenene akathandi kusebenza, ezifana: izixhobo isenza, izihlanganisi iintambo, eqhutywa, njl, ezifana khona.

Zonke izinto ezihlawulelwayo yinkqubo solenoid enye.

Indlela ukutolika umfanekiso xa kusenziwa?

Ukubala nokuhlalutya neziphaluka yokwenene, esebenzisa icandelo lomzobo ngohlobo somzobo. Ithunyelwe ngeposi zimelwe izinto basebenzisa imiqondiso. Kodwa kukho ezinye iimpawu, umzekelo, izinto abangabancedani zidla kwi izikimu azichazwanga kwibhili yeempahla ezizisiweyo. Kwakhona, ukuba uxhathiso kwi ngcingo kokuxhuma kuba ngaphantsi kakhulu kunalowo izakhi, akunamsebenzi ukubonisa kwaye alisayi kuwathathela ngqalelo. Umbane ibizwa ngokuba EMF. Ukuba uphawu kuyimfuneko isiqalelo ngasinye kubonisa ukuba ukuxhathisa lwangaphakathi R0. Kodwa ke abathengi yokwenene kufakwe i parameters R1, R2, R3, ..., YE. Ngesi parameter, sithabathela ingqalelo ubuchule isiqalelo beesekethe ukuze kuguqulwe (lisenza) amandla kwezinye iintlobo.

Iziqalelo yombane

Symbols leziqalelo beesekethe kwindawo ngobuwena isicatshulwa kwenziwa awukwazi, ngoko, ukuba zime phezu ifoto. Kodwa ibali kufuneka. Ngoko ke, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba izinto beesekethe yahlulwe eyimpumelelo esebenzayo. I yangaphambili ziquka, umzekelo, izihlanganisi iingcingo kunye nezixhobo zitya amandla-. A wesekethe element isixando ungachazwa ukuba ubukho balo nazo zingananzwa phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Akunakuthethwa malunga antipode yayo. Yi izinto ezisebenzayo ziquka ezo apho amandla electromotive uqhutyelwe (imithombo, Iimoto zombane, iibhetri, xa kuhlawuliswa, njalo njalo). Okubalulekileyo kule nkalo iinkcukacha ezithile eesekethe ukuba ilifa ukuxhathisa, nto leyo luphawulwa ukuxhomekeka ombane-ngoku, njengoko macala nempembelelo kwabanye. Xa uxhathiso njalo kungakhathaliseki ukuba ixabiso langoku okanye ombane, olu lwalamano ivela njenge ingxenye umgca. Ngokuthi izinto zabo beesekethe yomgama. Kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, kuchaphazela ngexabiso bokuxhathisa kwaye ngoku kunye ombane. Okokugqibela kodwa okunga kuncinananga oku kubangelwa iqondo lobushushu. Ngoko, xa element itshiswa, umlo uqalisa ukwandisa. Ukuba olu khetho kuxhomekeke kakhulu, uphawu lwangoku-ombane alufani kuyo nayiphi indawo yetshathi yengqondo. Ngoko ke, i element kuthiwa nonlinear.

Njengoko ubona, iisimboli izinto babe yesekethe ezahlukeneyo yombane kwaye kukuninzi. Ngoko ke, khumbula kamsinya akunakwenzeka. Oku kuya kunceda schematics thaca kweli nqaku.

Kwezinye iindlela, wesiphaluka yombane esebenza?

Xa uqhagamshele kumthombo wamandla inani ezahlukileyo zabasebenzisi, ngokulandelelanayo, magnitudes imisinga neetalente ombane. A wesekethe kuxhomekeke kwimo yokusebenza, ngokunjalo izinto ukuba libandakanya. Circuit ezisetyenziswa kulo mkhuba angamelwa ubume njengento esebenzayo kunye passive-terminal ezimbini network. Ngoko wabiza chain, abaqhagamshelwe kwinxalenye engaphandle (malunga noku) usebenzisa ezinjengeetheminali ezimbini, apho, njengoko na elithekelelwayo, kufuneka izibonda ezahlukeneyo. Le peculiarity ye-terminal ezimbini womnatha esebenzayo neyokwenziwa inezi zinto zilandelayo: Okokuqala kukho umthombo wamandla ombane, kwaye eyesibini na ongekhoyo. Ekusebenzeni esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi sekethe elingana ngelixa izinto iyasebenza kwisixando sokwenziwa. Uya kwandula kuba yintoni na indlela yokusebenza kuxhomekeke parameter yokugqibela (utshintsho ngenxa hlengiso yabo). Kwaye ngoku makhe sibone ukuba yintoni na.

iduma

Oku kubandakanya ikhubaze umthwalo ukusuka umthombo wamandla kunye isitshixo okhethekileyo. Le yangoku kulo mzekelo uba ilingana zero. Ombane ilungelelaniswe iiterminal emhlabeni kwinqanaba EMF. izinto yombane kulo mzekelo azisetyenziswa.

mode circuit short

Phantsi kweemeko ezinjalo, wesiphaluka yesitshixo sele ivaliwe, kwaye uxhathiso ngu zero. Ngoko ke ombane kwi iiclamps njengoko = 0. Ukuba usebenzisa zombini, leyo sele ziqwalaselwe, imida kwi kwiziphumo esebenzayo-terminal ezimbini womnatha icaciswa. Ukuba yangoku kuyahlukahlukana ngaphakathi kwemida ethile (luxhomekeke kwiinkcukacha), ngoko bomda uphantsi usoloko zero, kwaye eli candelo iqalisa ukudlulisela amandla kumphathi wesekethe ngaphandle. Ukuba isalathiso ingaphantsi kwe zero, ngoko ke eneji ziya kunikwa nguye. Kuyimfuneko ukuba uthathe ingqalelo yokuba ukuba ombane ngaphantsi kwe zero, oku kuthetha ukuba resistors-terminal ezimbini esebenzayo osetyenzisiweyo imithombo yamandla ukuba kukho unxulumano phakathi wesekethe, kwakunye noninzi lwezinto isixhobo.

iimeko eliyimali

Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa i parameters zobugcisa njengoko wesekethe lonke, nezinto ngamnye. Kule mo, nezikhombisi Ayifikanga amaxabiso ukuba zidweliswe iinkcukacha ezininzi, kwiincwadi reference okanye amaxwebhu zobugcisa. Qaphela ukuba icebo nganye inayo iparameters yayo. Kodwa izibonisi ezintathu eziphambili inokufumaneka phantse lonke - nomsinga rated, amandla ombane, kuba zonke kwisekethe yombane. Izakhi zombane nayo ngaphandle kokukhetha ilifa.

umbuso nemvisiswano

Oku kusetyenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukudluliswa ubuninzi bamandla esebenzayo olubangelwa umthombo wamandla ukuya eneji edliwe. Kulo mzekelo, kubalulekile ukubala eluncedo sentlalo. Xa umsebenzi wenziwa nale imo, ukhathalelo kufuneka athathwe ukuze ilungiswe ukuba inxalenye akaphumeleli (ukuba abambambi phambi-ezineenkcukacha nemiba yeengcingane).

izinto ezisisiseko ngexesha zibalo for eesekethe zombane

Zisetyenziswa kwizakhiwo entsonkothileyo, ukukhangela njani kwaye yintoni aya kusebenza:

1. Branch. Ngoko wabiza ikhonkco isahlulo apho imali efanayo lwangoku. A yesebe mayixhotyiswe enye / izinto eziliqela ukuba sinxulumene series.
2. Ebonakala. Indawo apho ajoyine amasebe ubuncinane ezithathu. Ukuba bathe oxhulumene kwi enye iperi iindawo, zibizwa ngaxeshanye.
3. Circuit. Ngokufanayo, libiza nayiphi na indlela closed, elisuke amasebe eziliqela.

Ezi ukwahlulwa abe yombane. Elements of eesekethe zombane kuzo zonke iimeko, ngaphandle amasebe, usoloko ekhona kwiseti.

indlela esinemiqathango HIV

Kufuneka ibekwe kakuhle ukuqulunqa iikoteshini ezichaza iinkqubo. Ukubaluleka indlela le, kuba imithombo imisinga EMF amandla ombane. Iimpawu ze isicelo of wandise kwisekethe:

1. ukuba kuboniswe akanyanzelisi ukuba imithombo EMF. Kodwa kufuneka iqondwe ukuba kwipali apho isalathisi ejoliswe, libe namathuba ephakamileyo kuneyesibini.
2. Kuba imisinga ezisebenza imithombo ngamandla electromotive - kufuneka ibe ngokufanayo nabo. Kuzo zonke ezinye iimeko, kubaluleke ngokwesigqibo esicalanye.
3. Kuba yombane - ingqamana yangoku.

Iintlobo eesekethe zombane

Indlela yokwahlukanisa kubo? Ukuba parameters element Asixhomekekanga yangoku aqukuqela kuyo, ibizwa ngokuba yomgama. Ngokomzekelo, umntu ezikweni yombane. izinto beesekethe Nonlinear babe ukumelana leyo kwanda ukwandisa ombane ukuba inikezelwa isibane.

Imithetho kuya kufuneka xa esebenza kwiisekethe DC

Uhlahlelo kunye yokubala iza kuba kuphumelela ngakumbi ukuba ngaxeshanye ukusebenzisa umthetho Ohm kaThixo, kwaye lokuqala nolwesibini imithetho Kirchhoff. Bangakwazi kusetyenziselwa ukuseka ubudlelwane phakathi ukuziphatha ngoku, ombane ngaphesheya wesekethe EAF okanye iinxalenye zayo ngamnye. Kwaye zonke isekelwe phezu parameters leziqalelo ezenzeka kubo.

UMthetho Ohm ngenxa subcircuit

Sazisa ngamandla yangoku (I), ombane (U) kunye ukuxhathisa (R). Lo mthetho kubonakaliswa ifomula: I = U / R. Ekubaleni iisekethe zombane amaxesha lula kakhulu ukuba ukusebenzisa uguqulo: R = I / Kaya

umthetho Ohm kaThixo ngenxa chain epheleleyo

Le ichaza ubuhlobo lusekiwe phakathi amandla electromotive (E) ye umthombo wamandla, ukumelana ogama yangaphakathi ilingana r, kunye elingana formula yangoku R. jikelele ndim = E / (r + R). wesekethe nzima kuye amasebe ngokuqhelekileyo eziliqela. Oku kungabandakanya eminye imithombo yamandla. Emva koko sebenzisa umthetho Ohm kaThixo ukufumana inkcazo epheleleyo nkqubo iba kuyingxaki.

Umthetho wokuqala Kirchhoff

node yesekethe nganye ke sum aljibra le imisinga ilingana zero. Imisinga eziza kwisiza, kulo mzekelo, akabanjwa uphawu lokudibanisa. Ezo sikhokelwa nguye - thabatha. Ukubaluleka kwalo mthetho kuxhomekeke yokuba ngoncedo yayo ukuseta ubudlelwane phakathi imisinga ezicwangciswayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.

umthetho wesibini Kirchhoff kaThixo

Isixa aljibra ye-EMF nanini na ndzhendzheleko evaliweyo Umnqweno womntu kukho inani elilinganayo ngamafuphi zokuquba ombane le kuzo zonke iindawo. Ingaba isoloko kunjalo? No. Ukuba yesekethe yombane iquke imithombo uxinezeleko, icandelo esebenzayo iya kuba zero. Ngexesha ukurekhodwa lenxaki ngokwale mthetho, kufuneka:

1. Khetha indlela eza ngokudlula wesekethe.
2. Cela izibonisi emihle imisinga yombane EMF.

isiphelo

Ngenxa yoko, siye sahlolisisa izinto yombane eesekethe zombane kunye neempawu aluncedo ukusebenzisana nabo. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba isihloko kufuna ingcaciso usebenzisa isigama esilula, ngenxa yokuba umthamo awo kunokuba nzima ukuqonda. Kodwa ukuqonda oko, sinako ukuqonda iinkqubo ezikhoyo kwisekethe yombane, kwaye ukuqeshwa kwamalungu ayo.