Ukumelana yangaphakathi kunye nentsingiselo yalo ebonakalayo

Nganye umthombo yangoku enokumelana yayo yangaphakathi. Umphathi wesekethe electric - isekethe evaliweyo kunye abathengi ukuba ombane isetyenziswa khona. nentaba nganye enokumelana lwangaphandle nangaphakathi.

ukumelana yangaphandle yonke le sekethe kuthiwa yabathengi kunye nezinikezeli, kunye nokumelana lwangaphakathi ivela kumthombo.

Ukuba umthombo ngoku umatshini yombane, ngoko ukuvimba yayo yangaphakathi lahlulahlulwe esebenzayo, ezenza kunye capacitive. Umkhenkethisi esebenzayo ixhomekeke ubude balo babulingana nesandla, kunye nezinto apho umqhubi, kwaye imeko yaso. Ezenza kuxhomekeke inductance coil (ubukhulu EMF wayo) kunye capacitance eyenziweyo phakathi amathuba le engathi. Kuyinto encinane kakhulu. Ukuba umthombo ibhetri eqhelekileyo, umlo ngenxa electrolyte wayo nayo wadala.

Yangoku - yintshukumo kwe amasuntswana kunye ukuxhathisa - kukudala umqobo kwintshukumo yayo. miqobo ekudityanwa nazo electrolyte kunye amacwecwe kukhokela abantu iibhetri, ngamafutshane, naphi na apho kukho ngoku.

Ngenxa yokuba kukho uxhathiso lwangaphakathi umthombo, akunakwenzeka ukuba bakholelwa ukuba imimoya chain - lo mthombo ngokupheleleyo amandla electromotive. Kakade ke, lo drop ombane kwi umthombo nazo zingananzwa, kodwa kuphela xa ayinamsebenzi.

Ukuba kwempahla kukho imisinga ephakamileyo, le ombane terminal aziyi kuqwalaselwa amandla lokwenyaniso electromotive. I zangoku umthombo - luphawu zokuquba ombane le kuyo. Kulo mzekelo, umyalelo Kirchhoff, ocacisa ukuba EMF chain lokwenyaniso - ke sum of the ombane lihla kuzo zonke iindawo, kuquka abo umthombo. A ifomula ibhalwe njenge:

E = ΣU + Ir r

apho:

E - lilonke amandla electromotive of the yesekethe;
U - drop ombane kwi kumacandelo zeesekethe;
Ir - ngoku yangaphakathi eveliswe umthombo;
r - umthombo amanzi ngaphakathi.

Ukuze siqonde intsingiselo ebonakalayo yenkcaso lwangaphakathi umthombo, kufuneka ulwazi oluthile apho. Ekuqaleni kulinganiswa electromotive umthombo amandla. Oku kwenziwa ngokuthi uyidibanise i voltmeter kwi ibhetri, leyo engekho phantsi umthwalo. Emva koku, ukumelana encinane lidibane series ammeter elimisiweyo. Ngenxa yoko, ngoku uya kwaziwa, lo gama kuyimfuneko ukuba silinganise le ombane phantsi umthwalo.

Unganqakraza kwigama amaxabiso zonke lula ukugqiba uxhathiso lwangaphakathi. Ukuze wenze oku, kuqala bonke emiselwe drop ombane kweli ibhetri. Ukusebenzisa ifomula

Uri = EU

Thina ukwenza izibalo.

Kule ifomula:

Uri - uyiwise ukuxhathisa umthombo wamandla ombane lwangaphakathi;
E - ombane (amandla electromotive) ilinganiswa umthombo ngaphandle umthengi;
U - ombane, akalinganiswa ngqo kwi uxhathiso.

Ngoko ke, lo uxhathiso lwangaphakathi ibalwa le ndlela ilandelayo:

r = Uri / I

Ezinye iingcali ngoyaba eli xabiso, ucinga ukuba ayikwazi ngoyaba ngenxa ixabiso elincinane. Noko ke, nto ibonisa ukuba ubalo oluntsokothileyo ukumelana lwangaphakathi kuzichaphazela kakhulu kwiziphumo zokuphela konyaka.