A isekethe elula yombane

Nawuphi na umntu, ukuba ukho, Kakade ke, akazange anikezele iingenelo impucuko, engqongwe izixhobo ezininzi zombane. Yiya ngaphaya imizekelo akuyomfuneko: TV, ngefowuni, abaninzi abaqhelekileyo yale igqengezelayo isibane . Njl Isiseko zonke ezi zixhobo kukuthi lukagesi wesekethe. imithombo emininzi zoncwadi kunjalo unika ingcaciso efanayo,, ngokuphathelele uhlobo elula. Kutheni kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba izixhobo ze-elektroniki zintsonkothile kangangokuba inkonzo yabo Kuyathenjwa yi kwinkqubo yekhompyutha? Eneneni, akuqhelekanga, ingakumbi xa ucinga CPUs luqobo computers kunye zabo nezigidi transistors - oko ke kukuthi lukhona isekethi DC. Isizathu sokumiselwa lula ngasentla kukuba naliphi nkqu unzima kakhulu, busebenze zinokuchazwa ezininzi kuThixo amalungu nezakhiwo. Hi ndlela leyi, le nto kunokwenzeka ukwenza izibalo eziyimfuneko usebenzisa ifomula ezaziwayo.

Ngoko ke, nge elula kwaye kunzima ukuluchaza. Ngoku makhe ukuchaza yintoni kwisekethe yombane. Ukwenza kucace ngakumbi, cinga umzekelo olula - layita. Kwaye akukho namnye esisebenzisa chip yolawulo (imo ziguquka, obumbeneyo njengembumbulu, njalo njalo), kunye ke ixhaphakileyo - esinebhetri, ibhalbhu kunye iswitshi qoboshela phezulu. Siqulathe ngezindlu iye njengomthombo umqadi, uneswitshi lamagumbi ukuba ibhetri kunye nabo ezimbini. Emva kokufakela ibattery izindlu kunye unqakraza iswitshi, unako ukufikelela izikhanyiso ezikhanyisayo zemiyalelo evutha. Kokuba enze ezi zenzo, siye kwakheka kanye oko kubizwa ngokuba isekethe yombane (kwi slang zobungcali - ndawonye scheme). Lo mthombo yangoku amandla ombane (ibhetri) uziphose umendo: qhagamshelana kwipali ezakhayo - umqhubi tumbler - Lamp - kwipali negative. Le nto ibizwa ngokuba 'isekethe elula yombane. " Kumzekelo nge layita macandelo mathathu: njengomthombo EMF, switsha kunye isibane. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuhamba elektroni (current) kunokwenzeka kuphela kwisiphaluka evaliweyo, ngoko ukuba utshintshela uyeke uqhagamshelwano kwaye uqhagamshelwano kwaphula umxokelelwane, izakulahleka, nangona ombane umthombo kuhlala. Ngokuzenzekelayo, zonke iinkqubo linokuchazwa kwaye ibalwe nje kuphela ngoku, kodwa kwakhona yi ombane, amandla, EMF.

isixhobo sokubala Onemisebenzi - umthetho Ohm kaThixo. Kulo mzekelo, kubonakala ngathi:

I = E / (R + r),

apho I - ngoku, Amperes; E - EMF Volta; R - ohms ukumelana bulb; R - EMF yomthombo amanzi, ohms. Njengoko kusetyenziswa umzekelo ifuthe kweelana umqhubi kunye iswitshi iimo ayifakwanga, ekubeni ayinamsebenzi.

Ngoko ke, lo yombane kunye kwanangamacandelo alo singabandakanya wamandla, resistors, capacitors, inductors, abaqhubi semiconductors, njalo njalo. Ngaphezu koko, konke oku kufuneka adityaniswe kunye bayila indlela eqhubekayo ukuze flow yangoku.

Simple beesekethe yahlulwe ngqo kunye branched. Kwimeko yokuqala, zonke izinto abasemthethweni eyipasile yangoku enye (njenge kuba uxhulumaniso lezibuko abathengi). Kwimeko yesibini kubhaliwe ngakumbi kongezwa enye okanye idityaniswe ukuqwalasela wesekethe elula ngokusebenzisa iindawo amasebe eziliqela. Kule ikhompawundi izinto wesekethe engumxube, ngoko ke ixabiso zangoku elibaleka kwisebe ngalinye eyahlukileyo. Apha, isebe - eli candelo wesekethe, zoonke ophuma ke ngoku enye, kwaye kwiincam abaqhagamshelwe kwiindawo ezimbini. Ngako oko, esiludumbo - oku wesiphaluka indawo apho idibane amasebe amathathu okanye ngaphezulu. In imizobo beesekethe ezalathelwe badla abonisa nje iingongoma lula reception (ukufunda).