Imithombo engapheliyo yendalo: iintlobo, imizekelo

Eminye yobutyebi bomhlaba obusisigxina obusetyenziswa ngumntu imihla ngemihla kwinani elilinganiselweyo. Ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezingezinye kungacetywanga, kungekudala okanye kamva baya kugqitywa kunye nemveliso ehlobeneyo ayiyi kwenzeka. Ukuze uqonde iingxaki zoshishino kunye ne-ecology kwiplanethi, kuyafaneleka ukuqonda ukuba zeziphi izibonelelo zendalo kwaye zeziphi ezo zingasetyenziselwa ngaphandle kwemimiselo.

Udidi oluphambili

Imithombo yendalo yendalo imithombo esetyenziswayo luluntu kuluntu. Njengomthetho, bahlelwe ngokusekelwe kwimvelaphi. Ngokwale candelo, kwindawo yokuqala ibelwe umhlaba. Ngoko kuyafaneleka ukubiza ihlathi kunye namanzi. Izinto ezingabalulekanga kakhulu zibonelelo zendalo. Imithombo yamaminerali iyimveliso yamaminerali. Kukho amandla kunye nemozulu. Ukuphelelwa kade kunye nemithombo engokwemvelo engapheliyo ayifakiwe kuloluhlu. Phantse zonke iintlobo zinxulumene ngqo.

Ukwahlulelwa ngokungafezeki

Ngoko, iintlobo ezisisiseko ziyafundiswa. Kubalulekile ukuqonda kunye noko kukho izinto ezinokungazinzi kunye nezendalo ezingapheliyo ngokuthe ngqo. Ukuchonga ukuhlukahluka kobutyebi kwintlobo ethile, kubalulekile ukuthobela ingqalelo yokuvuselela kwakhona. Le ngcamango eyinkimbinkimbi, ekubeni ezininzi iintlobo zinemiqathango yokuphelelwa amandla, ngaphaya kwayo apho iphelile. Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo ezinokuhlaziywa ziyakuthiwa ngamahlathi, amanzi, umhlaba, kunye nomoya, iirantana, ilanga kunye nesimo sezulu. Kukwafanelekile ukwahlula ukwahlula ngokufakwa endaweni. Iintlobo zezibonelelo zendalo ezingapheliyo zihluke kwizinto ezinokuthi zitshintshwe, kuba intsingiselo yombono kukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezithile, kungekhona ezinye iindlela. Ukutshintshwa kungenziwa ngumbane, izinto eziphathekayo, ezinye iindlela zokhetho.

Ilanga

Kufanelekile ukuqala ukuluhlu lwezinto eziphilayo ezingapheliyo ezivela kule ntlobo. Ilanga limelela ukuqokelela kwamandla okungaqhelekanga, okwenzela i-day in space. Ukuba inani labo, eliwela emini emhlabeni, lidlula iimfuno zabantu ngamashumi amawaka ngamaxesha. Nangona kunjalo, abantu bayisebenzisa kakhulu. Kufanelekile ukuba sicinge ukuba ilanga litshintshisa iintlobo ezininzi zeemitha-mpahla-ngqo kwaye zihlakazekile. Iibhetri zamanje zingathatha iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukufakelwa kwelanga okufudumeleyo okunokufudumala kwamanzi kusetyenziswa zombini iindidi zombane, ukuguqula amandla nakwiimozulu zezulu. Inkqubo ye-photovoltaic idala ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kagesi. Kuye, imozulu ibaluleke kakhulu - kufuneka udibanise ibhetri, ukwenzela ukuba ngosuku olufufayo amandla athatyathwa kancane kancane.

Umoya

Ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo engokwemvelo engapheliyo yintlobo yezinto ezivela kummandla wangaphambili wamandla. Umoya uvela ngenxa yokufudumala okungafaniyo komhlaba. Amandla alanga aguqulwa ukuba ahambe emoyeni. Abantu baqala ukusebenzisa umoya iminyaka emininzi edlulileyo kwiminyaka yokuhamba. Emva kancinci, izitye zombini zaqulunqwa, amaqonga ashukumisa umoya. Amandla omnkantsha omoya atholakala phantse kuwo wonke umhlaba kwaye ekhangeleka kakhulu kwindalo, njengoko engenzi inkunkuma kunye nokukhupha emoyeni. Ukongeza, lo mthombo awunanto. Ingasetyenziswa kokubili ngasese nakwizinga loshishino. Ukususela ngee-1970, kuye kwaqhutywa iimvavanyo ezahlukahlukeneyo ukwenzela ukudala iimpompo zomoya ezinokwenza kakuhle. Okwangoku, inani lezo zixhobo zikhulu kakhulu eUnited States of America nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu njengeHolland, iDenmark, eJamani.

Iidesi

Imithombo yendalo engapheliyo ibandakanya amandla omazi olwandle okanye olwandle. Amandla wamanzi atyelele abantu ukususela ekuqaleni kweMinyaka eyiMinyaka, xa indoda yazama ukudala amadamesi kwaye yafunda ukwenza izitya zokutya okuziinkozo ezisebhankini lomlambo ukwenzela ukuba izitya zijikeleze ngoku. Isixhobo sokuqala esinjalo sibonakala kwikhulu leshumi elinanye. Ngokufanayo, amandla asetyenziswe kuma-sawmills. Ngokufika kwesidingo sombane, umfanekiso ushintshile. Ukubaluleka kwamandla okwanda. Ngoko kwenzeka kumntu ukuba asebenzise izixhobo ezingapheliyo zendalo ekudalweni kwayo, kwaye izityalo zokuqala zamandla ezibonakalayo zavela. Emlonyeni womlambo, ogqithisela elwandle okanye elwandle, idama likhona. Ikhusela ukuhamba kwamanzi, okwenza iinjuba ezinkulu zijikeleze. Zixhunyiwe kwi-generator eyenza umbane. Le nkqubo isebenza kuphela ngelixa lomoya ophezulu, kodwa linika inani elimangalisayo lamandla. Ngeli xesha, le ndlela iqhutywe kakhulu eFransi.

Imozulu

Imithombo engokwemvelo engapheliyo, imimiselo yanikezelwa ngasentla, inokuthi idibene kunye nale ndidi. Imozulu yintlambo yolukhanyiso oluthileyo, amandla okufudumala kunye nemisebe, edala izimo ezithile zokuphila kwezilwanyana nezityalo. Njengemithombo yemvelo engapheliyo, iindawo zezulu ziqondwa ngolu hlobo lomthombo wokuzonwabisa kunye ne-agro-shishini. Isimo sezulu sichaphazela ngqo ixesha lokutsalwa kwaye libeka inani kunye neentlobo zezityalo, kwaye livumela nokusetyenziswa kwemimandla ethile yeenjongo zokukhenketho. Izimo zemozulu azikwazi ukutshatyalaliswa, kodwa ukungonakaliswa kungahle kwenzeke - umzekelo, kwintsimi yokuqhuma kwenyukliya, indawo yokuhlala ayinakwenzeka.

Umhlaba

Phantse zonke iimithombo zendalo ezingapheliyo, imizekelo yazo echazwe ngaphambili, yayingenamkhawulo. Ubuncinane bomhlaba bunxulumene. Okwangoku, ukhuseleko lomhlaba kunye nalo mthombo luphezulu, kodwa ukungonakaliswa kweemeko zendalo kunokumisa ukuvuselelwa komhlaba, kwaye imeko iya kutshintsha. Ngenxa yesenzo somntu, umhlaba ubekezela utshintsho olulungelelaniso nolungqambileyo, oluvame ukuba lubi. Njengomphumo wokukhula kwezityalo zezolimo, umhlaba ufumana ukukhutshwa kwamanzi, amanzi amaninzi kunye nosawoti, ukwanda kwe-acidity kwaye ke kuphuma ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa.

Ngeli xesha, izinto ezinjalo ezingapheliyo zendalo, ezifana nomhlaba, zihlulwe kwiindawo apho zifumaneka khona. Kwi-tundra, umhlaba unamandla kwaye unomgangatho ophantsi we-humus. Inhlabathi ye-Podzolic yebhanti epholileyo izalisekile ngokunyameka kwaye ibonakaliswe isakhiwo esilumkileyo. Kwii-steppes kukho i-chernozems, eyona hlobo enobuninzi kakhulu, kunye nomxholo ophezulu we-humus kunye nokwakheka kweekhemikhali eziphezulu kwimveliso. I-Serozems ehlanganisweni kunye neentlango kwaye zihlwempu kwizinto ezincedo. Ihlabathi elibomvu lifanelekileyo kwizityalo eziphantsi komhlaba. Izinto ezinjalo zendalo, iimithombo ezingapheliyo zifuna ukunakwa kunye nokulawula rhoqo.