Yintoni na uloliwe ngokukhawuleza ehlabathini? Isantya ukufezekisa ubuchwepheshe 500 km / h

Iindawo ezinika umdla ngololiwe phantse nangoko emva kokusungulwa kaloliwe yaba yindlela fastest ukoyisa imigama kunye nale meko yathatha angaphezu kwekhulu. Kuphela kwinkulungwane XX, liye laba Ixesha neemoto eyama le ukongama kokuba umngeni. Kodwa ababeqondisa ayiwuphe- ukuma ngxi, yaye ngokukhawuleza elitsha, apho ezininzi ubugcisa uyilo aerospace esetyenziswayo namhlanje bakhuphisane kakuhle yobuciko kunye nezinye iindlela zothutho.

Race koololiwe

Ukhuphiswano Technical phakathi kwamazwe obubonakaliswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ngelizama ukudala uloliwe ngokukhawuleza ehlabathini. Ubunkokheli kolu gqatso mashumi yokugqibela ziyahlula-Japan, France kunye iJamani, kodwa luphuhliso olukhawulezayo kwisiseko ezoshishino yezenzululwazi kumazwe Asia unika isizathu sokukholelwa ukuba kungekudala China kunye noMzantsi Korea uya umngeni abavelisi zemveli. Ukongezelela kwezoqoqosho, impendulo umbuzo malunga olunjani lukaloliwe eyiyeyona ikhawuleza kakhulu, imisela urhwebo kunye iwonga kwezopolitiko karhulumente, kanye njengokuba phakathi kwenkulungwane XX, iinkokeli zehlabathi bakhathazekile malunga phambili isithuba. Ukufana kunyuswa Ukwanda zobugcisa iiprojekthi zoololiwe entsha.

iingxaki zobuchwepheshe kunye nezisombululo zazo

Nayiphi isantya emhlabeni isithuthi anqongophele ngenxa kumanqanaba aphezulu kunobunye, windage kunye nokhuseleko izinto. Zontathu ezi meko ingxolo akuguquki gqithi, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba ifuthe labo ayikwazi lincitshiswe. abavelisi Aircraft wazuza amava ekudaleni iindlela ashukimisayo, Isitimela kunye nobuchwepheshe levitation magnetic - ezi iindlela eziphambili apho abasunguli abaye noololiwe mihla. oololiwe-High speed ukulungiselela umsebenzi wabo kwi imizila kaloliwe eqhelekileyo okanye ezinye zabahamba ngokukodwa wabeka. intuthuko kwezesayensi entsimini nokwakheka ubutsalane wadala iimeko isicelo iiteknoloji ezintsha ukubhabha ngokoqobo phezu naLindiili.

track entsha Japanese

uloliwe fastest ukunikezela iindwendwe ukuya kumaziko ezemidlalo ehlabathini wadalwa phambi Tokyo Olimpiki ngo-1964. Igama layo "Shinkansen" liguqulelwe Japanese njengoko "ingoma entsha", imali leyo lwaqhutywa ecaleni umgangatho zwekazi. Isantya iyakhwankqisa, ngelo xesha ke kumnandi. Kwezinye iindawo uloliwe kuphuhliswa 270 km / h, elikuvumela ukuba ukufika Osaka kwiiyure ezintathu. Le projekthi yajika kuxabisa kakhulu, kodwa zingahlawulwa kwiminyaka emithathu. Umceli-mngeni ephambili ukudala umgca kaloliwe eliphezulu-ngqo, kodwa kwakukho nezinye iingxaki zobuchwepheshe, elithole isigqibo sokuqala.

ukhuphiswano Japanese and French

isantya irekhodi ngeminyaka yokuqala, ukubetha isiFrentshi. TGV uloliwe ehamba ngesantya kwama-330 km / h, nto leyo ngoku ingqalelo iqhelekile olu hlobo zothutho. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuba le projekthi Japanese «Shinkansen» neneempawu zobugcisa ibaluleke gqitha kuyo nayiphi inkqubo yobugcisa, oko kukuthi, amathuba ukuguqulwa. Amathuba nokuphucula kube lula ukugcina ubuntshatsheli. Irekhodi lomhlaba elililo 581 km / h, le isalathisi imisela enye, igama sikweni le Shinkansen "bullet". Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, phantse isiqingatha senkulungwane emva ekuqaleni intshukumo kumgca Osaka-eTokyo, uloliwe ngokukhawuleza ehlabathini.

Oko French baye baphumelela?

Nangona ngobudala (kokuba esigunyaziswe 1971), i-French "Grand Vitesse» TGV usibambe indawo yesibini. Kodwa, ezifana iimbaleki, oololiwe kuvela ngokweendidi ezahlukileyo. Ngo-2007, oko ngummangaliso kwethekhinoloji ziye ukuba isantya irekhodi phantse 575 km / h. Eli xabiso ungaphantsi kufezekiso naso Japanese, kodwa isibakala ukuba umfuziselo uyilo ukunqunyanyiswa magnetic TGV POS lisusiwe. Ngoko ke, lo express uloliwe French - uloliwe fastest ehlabathini, ihamba phezu iziporo eziqhelekileyo. Kukho esinye isici kule isithuthi akhethekileyo: ubude balo - phantse 400 leemitha. Lo loliwe likhulu kwihlabathi yeetoni phakathi isantya.

Chinese "isiJamani"

Abakhweli ezifika e Shanghai moya ungakwazi ukufikelela isixeko kwimizuzu. "I-" ngqo kwi-terminal nguye stop yokugqibela uloliwe. Ukufumana off "bunching" yaye kulandelwe terminal isakhiwo enkulu abafikayo kuza emotweni, nezibilini zayo ayahlukanga ukusuka nawalo transcontinental trapa-: izihlalo moya mnye, nkqu stewardesses mhle. Umgama ukuya kwisikhululo sikaloliwe ngumgama oziikhilomitha ezingaphezu kwe-30, oko weyisayo lo loliwe malunga ezisixhenxe kwimizuzu. Le Ibhodi ifakiwe ngentla kwisango lokungena, unako ukugcina uphawu lwe ngesantya emva lidlula unikezelo kwi-500 km / h ngexesha lasemini. Night Uloliwe ihambisa ngakumbi kancinci (430 km / h), oku ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko. Nanjengoko igama layo lixela, usukuzwano amandla abayili bamajikazi ukuba ukoyisa levitation ngemagnethi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba, nangona Chinese «yokuhlala» yayo, Shanghai i- Train nesinempandla German. Kuye kwaqulunqwa eJamani, iingcaphephe inkampani Transrapid xa kuphuhliswa kunye nezinye ngesantya esiphezulu oololiwe ehlabathini. imodeli SMT, ezaba sisiseko Shanghai "i-", kwagqityezelwa ngokungqinelana iminqweno umthengi. Yokukhwela kule mqondiso kobuchwepheshe kakhulu yedemokhrasi - yuan-40, nto leyo malunga ezintlanu zeerandi US.

Kodwa kuthekani ngathi?

phambili Russian kwi-high speed kaloliwe de kwahluka zasekhusini. 250 km / h, nto leyo ethe "Sapsan", usandula kwabonakala japan kwamnandi, kodwa imvelaphi eziyimpumelelo abavelisi ezikhokelela akukho umxhelo. Ukongeza, nangona igama Russian, oko asemzini, enziwe eJamani, inkampani edumileyo Siemens. Le ishumi ophezulu kulo Express kanobom phakathi St. Petersburg eMoscow, waye azifakwanga. Akwaziwa nokuba kufutshane elizayo abayili Russian ukuzama ukwenza uloliwe ngokukhawuleza ehlabathini. iindleko Uphuhliso kaloliwe mikhulu, kodwa nezibonelelo ezinxulumene iya kuxabisa kakhulu ngakumbi. Noko ke, Russia uhlala kaloliwe omkhulu amandla, kwaye ngobude elipheleleyo kweendlela, kwaye umthamo abathuthwayo kwempahla kunye abakhweli bezithuthi. Ngoko ke uya kukuxelela ixesha.