Gas yolungelelwaniso - kukudla elizayo

Asingawo onke amazwe atyebileyo hlobo ngeziveliso zendalo. Ke ukuba ukuswela yayo imigodi yegolide kwimigodi nedayimani inokuba nje akonwabanga, ubukho iidiphozithi ezizizembiwa kudla umbuzo lokuba nokwenzeka karhulumente, ingakumbi ngexesha lemfazwe. amava Rich ekuvelisweni ersatz (obambeleyo) abazifumene kwisiqingatha sokuqala kule nkulungwane yamashumi amabini eJamani.

Sele ngo-1915, isiJamani U-izikhephe kubeka iBritani kwindawo esinzima kunene, nokuthintela unikezelo "impi igazi" kwi siqithi. Ngexesha Second World War, iJamani kwakungekho ndawo ngaphantsi nzima, ingakumbi emva kokuba ukulahleka isiRomania amasimi ioli. Kwabonakala kakhulu kancinci, yaye ukuthula okukhulu. Amatanki, moya, iinqanawa ngwenya abayi kuba nako ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yokulwa, apho kuya kubakho nto ukugcwalisa, kodwa waqhubeka imfazwe iinyanga ezininzi elide. Amalahle, leyo geni abaninzi Reich wabonisa efanelekileyo ekrwada ekuveliseni hydrocarbon zokwenziwa, wayeyintloko phakathi apho igesi yokuqaphela.

abaqeqeshwe yakhiwe kwaye aneziphiwo izazinzulu German elide phambi kokuba imfazwe benza kuphuhliso lo mba. Franz Fischer, intloko Institute Kaiser-UWilhelm, unyaka nkqu-1926 esipapashwe umsebenzi lwenzululwazi kuyondelelaniswe ngqo hydrocarbon e womoya, ebonakalalisa nje oku kwenzeke, kodwa wokuzingqina ukubakhona kwayo zobugcisa. Irhasi yokuqaphela afunyenwe ngenxa ngokucuthwa hydrogen abasabela ngayo CO phambi kwezinto catalyzing, ezifana umxube zinc oxide ne zentsimbi okanye chromium oxide -cobalt kokunika kubushushu degrees 270 Celsius. Loo inkqubo uvumelekile ukuba bafune homologues methane eqinileyo sukube, ulwelo kunye.

Video ibonisa lemfazwe maxa ukubona imoto igesi eyehlayo on ... iinkuni. Ewe, generator, umxube igesi feed motor waba compact, yaye ukuba siyiqhube imoto, kwaba kwanele ukuba izembe kunye yiya kwihlathi elikufutshane.

Umchiza chemical carbon monoxide yehayidrojini iimolekyuli H2, ngamanye irhasi amagama mazenziwe amalahle nje kuphela, kodwa kuyo nayiphi na carbon equlethe feedstock. Inkqubo ebizwa Fischer-Tropsch yokuqaphela, amagama abaqambi. Ngelo xesha wopapasho nezinye iindlela zokulungiselela amafutha zomgquba ukusuka amalahle, abapasa igesi yokuqaphela. Kulo efanayo Germany Bergius wavuka yayanele ukusuka amalahle ngowe-1911, kodwa kwaba nzima ukuba inkqubo yobuchwepheshe ngakumbi.

Njengokuba umsebenzi ekuqaleni, le mpumelelo yaba sisiphumo ekucombululeni iingxaki abajongene nazo kwezoqoqosho kunye imfazwe yaye eli lizwe abangenako ukufikelela hydrocarbon zendalo.

Kule minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe, imveliso kwegesi amagama elahlekileyo okwethutyana ukufaneleka kwayo. Inzala kule iteknoloji uqalwe ngeminyaka yokuqala zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, xa kukho ekuthiwa "ingxaki oyile", ezaba ngenxa yokwanda ekuvunyelwene ngalo kwexabiso le oli ngamazwe OPEC.

Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, amava hydrocarbon ezivelisa evela izinto ziya kuba ngakumbi zithandwa ngakumbi njengoko ngokuncipha kwezibonelelo zendalo, ingakumbi oyile negesi, namhlanje ogama ixabiso njengoko izinto ekrwada kushishino yemichiza le nto nangoku phantsi. Xa di Mendeleev uthelekisa ukusebenzisa imithombo yamandla kunye engamaphepha komlilo.