Yesi njengenxalenye kwintetho. Numerals: Imizekelo

Amanani kubomi bemihla ngemihla kudlala indima ebalulekileyo, ngoncedo abantu babo kugqiba inani lezinto sisondela, kufunyaniswa ubunzima, iindleko kunye umyalelo amanqaku. Amagama ukuba kutyunjwa ukubhala oonobumba namanani ngencwadi ebhaliweyo, ebizwa amagama amanani. Enye nkcazo: iimpawu - amagama inani ukulandelelana, okanye inombolo.

iimpawu ngokwegrama nani

Zonke iimpawu zobuntombi esibonisa integers namaqhezu, kunye nenani labantu, izilwanyana okanye izinto, yavlyalyutsya iqela elithile lamagama abo yokuqamba abunjwe ngokupheleleyo yaye akatshintshi.

iiyunithi yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo, okanye, njengoko bathi, ebonakalayo izigaba zentetho kwaye inokuba ezinye notation:

• ingqiqo yenani ngolu hlobo: ezintlanu, ishumi, ishumi elinesihlanu, njalo-njalo;

• Inani lezinto ezithile: iimoto ezimbini, izindlu ezintandathu;

• ixabiso lilonke lezinto ezininzi kubalwa.

Ngokulandelelanayo, yaye imiba kuzo zezi zilandelayo: yintoni i-akhawunti? ngubani? kangakanani? Kuxhomekeka ixabiso neempakatha, leyo inani uxanduva, ukuba zohlulwa ngokwendidi eziliqela (siza kuxubusha oku kamva).

Umzekelo: ezingamashumi amathathu (isifundo) liyohluleka ngo ezilishumi. Six ezintandathu - mathathu anesithandathu (inxalenye nominal ye vavisa). Ethetha indawo amanani kwisivakalisi, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba babe ngamalungu kokubini ezaseprayimari nezasesekondari. Enye into kukuba nani njengenxalenye yokuthetha hayi agcwalisiwe ngamaqela ngamazwi. Zonke iifom asetyenziswa kwintetho nasekubhaleni, eziveliswe kuphela ukusuka amanani isihloko. Le yesi kwezivakalisi njengenxalenye intetho kunokuba zombini yinxalenye engundoqo kunye yesibini yesivakalisi.

Ziqapheleni! Le yesi ebonisa inombolo, kwaye isibizo ezinxulumene nayo, usoloko ungenelela enye ingxenye engenakususwa yesivakalisi. Umzekelo: Sahamba ukuya yesithandathu kusasa. Iiklasi echibini iqala ngentsimbi yesihlanu. Amantombazana bahlanganisana imipha ezimashumi mabini anantlanu.

iintlobo amanani

Egameni nani abulawe lo mbuzo, uyakwazi ukubona ukuba yeyiphi udidi elimfaneleyo. Kwixabiso kunye neempawu ukuba yahlulwe oluninzi (kangakanani?) Yaye ngokokuma (ntoni? Ngubani?). Ngenxa yoko ke, amanani iimpawu iquka iintlobo ezintathu: ezihlangeneyo, amaqhezu kunye integers.

Ngokutsho inani lamagama ngesakhiwo kule nxalenye intetho, nokuba ukweliphi inqanaba, inokuba zizonke okanye elula. Umzekelo: owesine, abangamashumi-wesithathu, ezintlanu, amathandathu anesibhozo.

Iimpawu igama ngokulinganayo

Ukususela ngokombono iimpawu morphological, yesi njengoko inxalenye yokuthetha phantse lonk izi-, njengoko kungekho uhlobo umba, yaye uninzi la mazwi iifitsha ukuhla amatyala. Ngelo xesha ke, kufanele kuphawulwe, kwaye ingakumbi kwicala syntactic. Kubutha yokuba neenyumerali, idibene izibizo, ngaba irreducible kwaye usoloko ungenelela lilungu elinye yesivakalisi, akukhathaliseki nokuba enye inxalenye ukuthetha phakathi kwabo ifakiwe. Umzekelo: ezintathu nobusuku, iintsuku ezine, iintsuku ezintlanu; zezandla ezintathu abanekratshi wema cwaka.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba igama elithi akusoloko kubonisa ukuba isambuku neenyumerali. Eyona nkalo iphambili olwahlula le nxalenye yale ntetho ukuba inani ingakhutshwa amazwi zokubhala kunye namanani. Umzekelo: amahashe ezintathu - amahashe okanye amahashe 3 trio.

Indlela ukutshintsha amagama Amanani oluninzi

Imizekelo amanani utshintsho ezo integers, inokufunyanwa kwintetho kwincoko, kunye neleta.

La mazwi engqalene iimpawu ezinjalo-ntetho:

• Itshintsha amatyala:

Kubo. etc:. ezintandathu, isibhozo.

R. p:. Ezintandathu, isibhozo.

D. etc:. Ezintandathu, isibhozo.

V. etc:. Ezintandathu, isibhozo.

Tv. etc:. ezintandathu, isibhozo.

P. n:. Omathandathu, isibhozo.

Affixes amanani zixhomekeke izigaba zentetho, ababa enxulumene.

• Abanye banale kwihlelo. Ngokomzekelo, film mnye, elinye ilanga, enye ezinde; imithi emibini, amachibi ezimbini, unezandla ezibini.

• Kwi-yesininzi kwaye isinye zinokusetyenziswa yesi kuphela, uhlobo lokuqala leyo - mnye. Umzekelo: isitulo, elukhukweni, abanye abahlobo, abanye ebusika. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba gama zingasetyenziswa njengoko amasuntswana emigodini esetyenziswa ngengqiqo kuphela, umzekelo, abanye abafazi, amanye amadoda.

• Phantse wonke amanani iimpawu akukho didi ziyaphila kunye ezingaphiliyo. Okungaphandle apha kuphela amanani ezinjalo - inye, zimbini, zintathu, zine. Xa ukusetyenziswa kwala magama liyahambisana neziphelo utshintsho. Umzekelo: iintyatyambo ezine, ezi abahlobo abane.

• Numerals, imizekelo apho bamele isixa esikhulu into (omnye million, amawaka, omnye billion), kufuneka ezabo iiyantlukwano zabo lwegrama: isini, inombolo ukuhla amatyala. amagama ezinjalo amabinzana amaninzi aziphathe ngendlela izibizo. Umzekelo: a roses million, kukho roses million, kukho roses million, kukho roses million, kukho roses million.

Indlela ukutshintsha amacandelo amanani olandelelwano

Amanani ezilula nezixandileyo ukuba walelwe ngenxa yetyala. Kulo mzekelo, ndixolele nesiphelo, kodwa utshintsho labalandeli ufakwa kuphela ilizwi lokugqibela. Umzekelo:

Kubo. n:. enye amawaka amathathu, anamanci asibhozo anesihlanu.

R. p:. Amawaka amathathu anamakhulu asibhozo amahlanu.

D. etc:. Amawaka amathathu anamakhulu asibhozo ukuya wesihlanu.

V. n:. Amawaka amathathu anamakhulu asibhozo lweyesihlanu (th).

Tv. n:. amawaka amathathu anamakhulu asibhozo yesihlanu.

P. n:. A yesihlanu amawaka amathathu anamakhulu asibhozo.

Ziziphi utshintsho zilula amanani olandelelwano? Xa ucacisa umhla yegama olunjalo zityekele ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko, kodwa igama lenyanga, nto leyo ehambisana kunye lenani lisoloko lisetyenziswa kwimeko genitive. Umzekelo: Agasti 10, ngolweshumi Agasti, ngomhla weshumi Agasti.

Igama isiganeko (iholide Eighth kaMatshi), emva ukuchaza amagama - umhla lweholide, umhla, - kufuneka usebenzise yesi kwimeko yesivakalisi, kwaye akufuneki ukuba ndinibhalele eli lizwi ngonobumba omkhulu.

Indlela ukukholisa amatyala amanani iqhezu

Kaninzi, xa ukuhla kwamanani iqhezu, abaninzi balahlekile yaye bedidekile kubo Amanani ezihlolwayo, kunjalo kunzima le nto. Abayithobanga kwiimeko ezinjalo, zombini iindawo binzana: eyokuqala, ababalulwa inombolo, kwaye eyesibini - inani ngokokuma kwento, leyo umi yesininzi. Umzekelo:

Kubo. n:. iikota ezintathu.

R. p:. Iikota ezintathu.

D. etc:. Kwiikota ezintathu.

V. n:. Iikota ezintathu.

Tv. n:. iikota ezintathu.

P. n:. I-iikota ezintathu.

amanani ezizodwa

Amaxesha amaninzi kubangela ubunzima kunye ukuhla kumatyala Amanani ezidityanelweyo ezivame zisetyenziswa kuphela kwintetho. Apha esebenza umthetho efanayo kutshintshwe izichazi isininzi, m E.. Neenyumerali kulo mzekelo baba ukuvalwa efanayo. Umzekelo:

Kubo. n:. ezimbini, zantlanu.

R. p:. Ezimbini, zantlanu.

D. p:. Ababini kubo, ezintlanu.

V. p:. Ezimbini, zantlanu.

Tv. n:. dvoimi, ezintlanu.

P. n:. Zimbini ezintlanu.

Iimpawu ke nani ezimbini. Ukutshintsha kumatyala, igama ezihlangeneyo iintlobo phakathi nobudoda imilo enye, kodwa indlela yayo obhinqileyo, kunye nokwehla, oko iguqulelwa ngokupheleleyo. Umzekelo:

Kubo. n: -. Zombini, zombini.

R. p: -. Zombini, zombini.

D. etc: -. Bobabini, zombini.

V. n: -. Zombini, zombini, zombini, zombini.

Tv. n: -. bobabini, zombini.

P. n: -. Bobabini bobabini.

Indlela yokwenza uhlalutyo morphological

Enye imixholo kuphononongo ogama iyintsika kwikharityhulam yesikolo yi uhlalutyo yesi zabalinganiswa morphological. Oveliswa ngokubhekiselele kwisicwangciso ecacileyo.

Eyokuqala ichaza Ngembonakaliso yesi njengenxalenye intetho, ityumbe yayo iimpawu morphological.

Ngaphezu koko, kufuneka anikezele imilo yokuqala icacisiwe ilizwi, apho udidi engumniniyo (okanye inani ngokokuma kwento nobungakanani) isakhiwo (ezilula okanye ezimbaxa), ingakumbi declination yayo amatyala.

Inyathelo elilandelayo - inkcazo iimpawu non-abasisigxina. Eli tyala, isini kunye nenombolo, ukuba ikhona, abanakho ukwalathwa.

Elokuqukumbela, uhlalutyo ichaza umsebenzi syntactic lo gama kwisivakalisi, yintoni inxalenye intetho elidityaniswe kwaye ingaba isivumelwano kunye naye. Nangona le uhlahlelo igama lelo nani uluncedo ngenkankulu ukuba umntu ebomini bakho (ngaphandle kokuba Philologists elizayo), kodwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kwamagama kwintetho nokubhala ukuze bakwazi ukwenza oko kuyimfuneko.