UAlexander Kozachinsky: ifoto, i-biography, isebenza

UKozachinsky u-Alexander Vladimirovich wayehlala iminyaka engama-39 nje kuphela, kodwa ubomi bakhe buzele iziganeko ezinjalo, iziganeko kunye neentlobo eziza kubakho abantu abaninzi ukuba babhale iimemori. Ngelishwa, akazange akhiphe incwadi enomdla emva kwakhe, kodwa waba ngumzekelo wendlela umntu akanako ukwesaba ukutshintsha ubomi bakhe kungekudala nje, kodwa nakwimeko yomntu ogcina umthetho kumkhokeli wegundane.

UAlexandre Kozachinsky wayehlala ngexesha lokutshintsha kweso sixeko esingaselungelelananga nakwihlabathi-e-Odessa.

Umbhali wabantwana

Umbhali wazalwa eMoscow kwintsapho ehloniphekileyo ngoSeptemba 4, 1903. Le nkwenkwe yayineminyaka emithathu kuphela xa intsapho yakhe yafudukela e-Odessa ngenxa yesifo sofuba sikayise.

Nangona isimo sezulu eshushu kunye nolwandle luphucula imeko yesigulane, wafa ngowe-1911. Ukugula kukayise kwakunciphisa imeko yezemali yentsapho, kodwa ke uKozachinsky Alexander uyaya kwi-gymnasium engcono kweso sixeko, apho kungabikho kuphela kwiklasi enye, kodwa nangemva kwedesiki kunye no-Yevgeny Kataev.

Ngexesha leminyaka elifutshane lemfundo, abafana abazange babe ngabahlobo nje, kodwa abazalwana begazi, besenza isithethe sokuthi "ukwabelana" ngegazi. Ukuthakazelisa ngeencwadana zikaFenimore Cooper zenza indima ebalulekileyo apha. Yiloo ndlela amaNdiya ase-Apache aba ngabazalwana - ukusikwa kwengalo kunye nokutshintshisana kwe-handshake kwahlanganisela umanyano wegazi ngonaphakade.

Ulutsha

Ixesha lesishumi elivisayo kunye nazo zonke iinguqu zalo zokuvuthwa uAlexander Kozachinsky wasinda, wangena ngokukhawuleza. Emva kokuphuma esikolweni emva kwebanga lesi-7 ngo-1917, le nkwenkwe ithola umsebenzi ukuze incede unina ngandlela-thile.

Emva kwe-Odessa, i-Odessa imihla ngemihla ibonisa umdla. Imali eyayizuzwa kusasa kwakungasayi kuhlawulisa nantoni na ngokuhlwa, kwaye amandla ashintshana kunye kunye nokwahlukana kwesi sixeko.

U-Eugene Kataev no-Aleksandriya Kozachinsky (umfanekiso wale minyaka ubona ngezantsi) ixesha elithile lahlekana kwaye awakwazi ukubonana. Ingxenye yeso sixeko apho abahlali baseKardev bahlala khona be-Petliurists (isithili saseKhanatna Street), ngoxa uDenikin wahlala eSofievskaya (indawo yaseKozachinskys).

Xa eneminyaka eyi-16, loo mfana waya emsebenzini kwi-militia yesithili njengomabhalana. Ukuba ne-store character adventur, uAlexander Kozachinsky akazange agcine ixesha elide emsebenzini we-ofisi, kwaye ngo-1920 wazizama njengomsebenzi we-Odessa uphando lolwaphulo-mthetho.

Ngaphambi koku, u-Alexander wadlala ngokuphumelelayo kwiqela lebhola le-Odessa ibhola elithi "uLwandle oluMnyama" njengomgcini wegama, kodwa iziganeko ezenzeka kuloo mzi, kunye nolutsha oluthandana naye lwamshukumisela kwiSebe le-UGRO.

Sebenza kwiSebe lePhenyo loPhando

Umntu oneminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe ubudala "oyingcali" wanikwa isayithi esona sikhulu. Ngelo xesha kuPhando loLwaphulo-mthetho lwase-Odessa kwakukho abantu abaninzi abangahlelelekanga apho bahlelwe khona ngenxa yokutya. U-Kozachinsky Alexander akazange nje athathe umsebenzi ngokugqithiseleyo aze azame ukuqeda ukungabi namthetho ezitratweni zeso sixeko, kodwa wavula imeko yeBengalsky.

Abazalwana abanobugwenxa, njengoko bethetha kubantu, "baxubusha" insizwa enenhlanhla neyinyanisekileyo kwimeko, ebonisa ukuba ityala lobugebengu. Inkundla yamgweba iminyaka emithathu entolongweni, kodwa uAlexandria wagxininisa ekuhlaziyeni icala kwaye wabonisa ukuba wayengenacala.

Emva kokuhlawulelwa kukaAlexandria uKozachinsky waba ngumhloli wophando lolwaphulo-mthetho kwicandelo lokuqala laseBaltic. Imisebenzi yakhe yayikuthintela ukufumbathisa, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwamagunya, ukuphulwa komthetho ngabasebenzi abasebenzisana nabo, amagosa kunye namagunya asekuhlaleni.

Kule nto kwakungekho nto yokuthandana, kwaye izigodo kunye nokungabikho komthetho kwakungenako ukuyeka, ngoko loo mfana, engacingi kabini, utshise i-van eluhlaza elayishwe ngokukodwa kwintloko yamapolisa. Ngendlela yokwenza izigodo ezivela kwilizwe lonke zithumela iingxowa zokusanhlamvu, ezo zihlandlo ezilambile zazixabisa ngaphezu kwegolide.

Ulutsha lweBatit

Inqwelo yecala yenziwa kunye kunye noGeorgia Fechem kwaye yaphela ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba yonke inkozo yayisisigxina "kwaye ikwabiwe ngamapolisa kwindawo yaseTiraspol. Njengoko kwakungabikho ubungqina, iincwadi zaye zakhishwa, kodwa ileta malunga nokungahambisani kwazo ne-Odessa esongelwayo.

UAlexandre Kozachinsky, owakhe u-biography wayedlulela kwindawo ethile kufuphi neTiraspol, ukuba udutshulwe, kodwa akazange ayeke kwaye wagqiba ekubeni wayefuna abantu abaninzi ukuba baphumelele.

UGeorgy Fech uzisa umngane wakhe omtsha kwi-coloni yaseJamani eLustdorf aze amkele uSchmalz noBurgandt, izigebengu ezaziwa e-Odessa. Emva kwexeshana abantu bajoyina, baholwa nguColonel Orlov, owathi wayala umkhosi wemikhosi emkhosini waseKolchak.

Ewonke, igqirha lalinamaqela angaphezu kwama-20. Yonke imisebenzi yayilungiswe ngokucophelela ngabantwana abaseKozachinsky, kwaye baphumelela ngempumelelo. Iqela leqhenqa lalaba izitimela kunye neebhanki, iiofisi kunye nabantu abafanelekileyo. Kwintsimi yaseJamani uAlexander wayenentlonelo enkulu phakathi kwamadoda kunye nothando olukhulu phakathi kwabasetyhini. Igama lomnxeba elithi "Ilungelo", awawunikelwe nje ngombonakalo wakhe okhangayo, kodwa nangenxa yokuziphatha kwakhe kunye nomntu wakhe ohloniphekileyo, waba negama leqhawe lakhe lencwadi ethi Green Green, apho yena ngokwakhe waba ngumboniso.

Intsha yaseBetit yayingagqiba ekusebenzeni ukuba i-fate yayingazange ifake uAlexander kunye nomhlobo wobuntwaneni u-Evgeny Kataev. Xa i-ganggirl yaxutywa kwi-Starokon Bazaar, yayinguZhenya owabamba uSasha waza wamnika ukuba azinikezele ukuze alondoloze ubomi bakhe.

Iilingo zamabhentshi zaziyinto engaqhelekanga nakwi-Odessa. Izakhamuzi zaseLystdorff zenzelela ekukhuseleni uKozachinsky kwaye endaweni yamangqina abaya kuwo, ngenxa yokuba iintlanganiso zaqhutyelwa kuyo.

UKozachinsky ugwetyelwe ukufa, kodwa uKadiev akazange amvumele umngane, wammisela, ngoko uphando lwaluqhutyelwa ngabanye abantu, kwaye isigwebo satshintshwa ngokuvalelwa entolongweni. Oku kwenzeka ngo-1922, kwaye ngo-1925 uAlexander wakhululwa phantsi koxolelo. Umama nomhlobo wakhe omhle bamhlangabeza entolongweni.

Uhambo loLwazi

UYvgeny Kataev, emva kokufudukela eMoscow ngo-1925, umzalwana wakhe uValentine, owayengumlobi owaziwayo, wanikela uAlexander umsebenzi njengomnyatheli kwenye yamaphephandaba.

UVgeni Kataev uyaziwa kubafundi phantsi kwegama elingu-Eugene Petrov. Ngoxa wayesebenza njengomphepheli wephepheli kwiphephandaba laseMoscow uGudok, wadibana no-Ilya Ilf, ngokubonga ukuba iziKhulu ezilishumi elinesibini kunye ne-Golden Golden Calf zavela. Nguye owayemisela ukuba uAlexandria abhale ibali malunga ne-green van.

Umsebenzi wokubhala

UKozachinsky Alexander Vladimirovich, imisebenzi yakhe isekelwe kwimicimbi yonyani, eqinisweni, umbhali akazange afune ukuba. Waphumelela esebenze kuqala njengombhalisi wephephandaba uGudok, ngoko kuQoqosho loBomi, kwaye ukuba kungekhona ukunyanzeliswa ngumhlobo wakhe wobuntwana, ihlabathi aliyi kuqonda ibali elimangalisayo nelivelayo likaBeautiful noVolodya Patrikeev.

Ewonke, amabali amaninzi kunye nebali elinye kubhaliwe nguKozachinsky, kodwa nangona kunjalo wangena kwinqanaba labalobi abafundekayo kuphela, kodwa nabo bawasuswa. Isiseko seGreen Wagon yiziganeko zangempela ezenzeka kwi-1920s e-Odessa. Umngane omkhulu uAlexander u-Zhenya Kataev waba ngumboniso kaVolodya Patrikeev-kungekhona ulutsha olucinezelekileyo, olulambile uzuko lukaSherlock Holmes.

Imifanekiso yabalinganiswa abakhulu

Imifanekiso yabalinganiswa abakhulu kwimbali ethi "iGreen Wagon" yaphila kwaye ikholwa, kuba uKozachinsky akazange abe nawo.

Ulwalamano lwakhe noZhenya Kataev luye lwaya kumaphepha omsebenzi, apho umhlobo waba ngumntu-ngumntu omncinci osisongweni se-Odessa. UVolodya Patrikeev - owayengumfundi wesikolo esiphakamileyo, ezele iimfuno zothando, amaphupha ukwenza umhlaba ube yindawo engcono, ukutyhila ubugebengu, njengoSherlock Holmes.

Kuphi na, kungekuphi na kwi-Youngest militia ongayibonisa ngayo "izakhono" zokuhlalutya? Umfanekiso kaPatrikeyev ubhaliwe ngovelwano olunjalo kunye nengqiqo efihlakeleyo yokuba uya kuthandana nomntu oyintloko kwaye uxolele zonke iimpazamo zakhe kwaye uphoswe.

Iziganeko ezichazwe kwibali

Umsebenzi usekelwe kwibali eliyinyani malunga ne-gangster yomdluli odlulileyo kunye nokuqwengwa kwevini eluhlaza ngaphantsi kwempumlo yintloko yamapolisa.

Njengomsebenzi we-Krasavchik konke kuphelile kakuhle, ngoko ubomi bombhali ngokwayo baba sisiseko somsebenzi wombhalo, kwaye akusiyo isohlwayo esiphezulu.

Ukufa ngokukhawuleza kombhali

Abapapashi abaprintela iincwadi ngexesha lamaSoviet banquma ukuba uAlexandria V. Kozachinsky wabhala imisebenzi yabantwana, nangona bafanelekile ngakumbi kubafundi abanokuqonda ukuhlaziywa okukhethekileyo kwinto elambileyo neyobandayo i-Odessa yama-1920.

Ngokwebali, ifilimu yadutshulwa ngo-1982 ngumlawuli uAlexander Pavlovsky. I-Filmstrip ngokugqithiseleyo kwaye ngokuchanekileyo idlulisele i-Odessa yehlazo, kunye nombala welo xesha, kunye nabalinganiswa abakhulu abathandekayo ukusuka kwimigca yokuqala yebali kunye namafayile efilimu.

UAlexander Kozachinsky wafa eneminyaka engama-39 (08.01.1943) kwisifo, ekhutshwa eMoscow eya eNovosibirsk. Kulapho waxelelwa ngokufa komhlobo wakhe omhle uJevgeny Kataev. Wayesebenza njengombhalisi wezempi ngaphambili xa idiza elalihamba ngayo yadutshulwa ngumqhubi waseJamani.

Kwimemori yabafundi, uAlexander uKozachinsky uya kuhlala engumbhali webali elihle kwaye elibuhlungu "iGreen van", iziganeko ezenzeka ngokwenene.