Imithombo Urals: izimbiwa, amahlathi, amanzi kunye nemozulu. Nature of phambene

Urals ebizwa bahlale kuyo eRashiya, nto leyo isisiseko kwenkqubo efanayo igama entabeni. imithombo Urals (izimbiwa, amahlathi, amanzi, imozulu kunye zolonwabo) bazizityebi nezahlukeneyo. Malunga kubo, ubukhulu becala, kwaye kuya kuxoxwa ngazo kweli nqaku.

Phambene: Indawo wejografi, iimeko zendalo kunye nezibonelelo (ngokufutshane)

ummandla Geographical ebizwa phambene lisebenza umda phakathi ezimbini kumathafa zinkulu Eurasia - i-European East kunye West Siberian. Yaye ke inxenye iziko kule ngingqi uluhlu ntaba eponymous, leyo eqhubeka neekhilomitha 2,000 ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi.

Urals kwakhona eyohlula iinxalenye ezimbini zehlabathi - Europe kunye Asia. Esesiphelweni iseti gnokokungqinelana Ekaterinburg uphawu yesikhumbuzo. Hi ndlela leyi, indawo-igama "phambene" Liguqulwe lithatyathwa ulwimi Bashkir lithetha "ibhanti". Bashkirs une ilejendi yamandulo malunga ingxilimbela ababekhe ukusasaza ibhanti yakhe enkulu, kangangokuba Wazimanya ukuya kuLwandle Kara ukuya lweCaspian esemazantsi. Kwaye ezipokothweni indoda enkulu leyo ezazifihliwe ubutyebi ezingenakubalwa. Oku ngezi ubutyebi, kwaye kuya kuxoxwa ngakumbi.

izibonelelo zendalo Urals bazizityebi elikhulu ezahlukeneyo. Ubuhle nezinto ezahlukileyo kulo mmandla nokuboniswa window kwaye uncwadi, kunye nobugcisa obubonwayo. iikona zayo ezahlukeneyo kunokubonwa kwi imizobo umzobi kunye neefoto abahambi dumeke. Kakhulu ngokucacileyo ngamafuphi wachaza uhlobo phambene kanye DN Mamin-Siberian.

Ukubaluleka neyoqoqosho yommandla

Phambene Mountains kukade icangcisiwe, kwaye uhlala isiseko ngobuchule ebalulekileyo mveliso yaseRashiya. uphuhliso Active lo mmandla yaqala ebukumkanini uPetros Omkhulu. Oku kube negalelo ekubeni imithombo yezimbiwa abatyebileyo Urals.

In XIX-XX kwiinkulungwane izityalo kunye nezityalo industrial kwi Urals zakhula amakhowa emva kwemvula zasehlotyeni enzima. Oku, ngokutsho Alekseya ivanova umbhali, ukanti nalapha wamqumbisa ukuyilwa a 'impucuko ekhethekileyo metallurgical. " Indima ebaluleke kakhulu edlalwa yi kummandla phambene ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic. Akumangalisi ukuba wabizwa ngaloo mihla, "a reference ngohlangothi amagunya." Enyanisweni, lo Urals yakha uloyiso emfazweni onzima kakhulu wamagazi.

Kwintsimi Urals ngemilinganiselo Russian, kakhulu ezinabantu kwaye kakuhle kakhulu. Imizi inkulu kummandla: Yekaterinburg, saseChelyabinsk, Perm, Ufa, Magnitogorsk, Izhevsk kunye Nizhny Tagil.

LeZimbiwa kule ndawo

imithombo yezimbiwa le Urals utyebile kakhulu kwaye zahlukene. Ubukhulu becala, ezinzulwini kulo mmandla isityebi yonke into ukusuka intlabathi nodongwe, namafutha kunye negolide. Apha, ngendlela emangalisayo idibanisa oovimba ezinkulu esikrwada, non-ebuntsimbi, ukwakhiwa kunye nempahla imichiza ekrwada.

Kwinkulungwane XVI kwintshona bobhedu phambene kwafunyaniswa, kwaye XVII - yentsimbi. Yeyona ironworks isiseko enxulumene ibali ukuvela 'eyinkunzi "zengingqi - isixeko Yekaterinburg.

Kamva apha uya kufumana imali enkulu yegolide kunye platinum, amalahle, isilivere, amatye anqabileyo kunye nezo anqabileyo. Bauxite ke geni kuloo Urals, kunye neetyuwa potassium, umgangatho egqalwa eyona kweli lizwe. Orenburg idume imveliso kwegesi, kunye Ishimbai - oyile. izinto ezahlukeneyo zokwakha kananjalo (yilimestone, nezemarmore, isanti kunye nodongwe).

kwezibonelelo zamanzi Urals

yonke indawo kummandla ngokwezelizwe yahlulwe phakathi amachibi ezimbini. Ezinye yoba yimijelo, yimisinga bathwale amanzi yabo ebandayo Arctic Ocean. Amanzi neminye imifula umiselwe ukuba somfula lweCaspian Sea-Lake.

Water phambene imelwe ikakhulu yimilambo. I inkulu kubo - yi Kama, le Urals, i Pechora, Tobol, Tura, Iset. Bonke babe imvelaphi yazo i phambene kwiiNtaba. Ngoko ke, entilini kuyo imilambo zimxinwa kunye engumnqantsa kakhulu. Ngokubanzi, ukunqongophala kwamanzi ziviwa kuphela emazantsi kulo mmandla. Ukongeza, kukho imilambo ezininzi ekungcoleni ongcolileyo kwamashishini mveliso ezahlukeneyo.

Kule Urals, kukho inani lezityalo ngamanzi ezinkulu nezincinane. Eyona ezinamandla phakathi kwabo - yi Pavlovskaya, Shirokovskaya kunye Yumaguzinskaya HPP. Nangona kunjalo, izibonelelo lombane lwe Urals akufuneki kakuhle kakhulu.

Emahlathini ye Urals

imithombo Ihlathi zemvelo phambene kuqikelelwa kwi-3 billion cubic metres kweenkuni. Of iintlobo eziyinzalelwane ingqalelo kakhulu ezixabisekileyo nomgalagala ndawonye, msipres, nespruce kunye larch. Amahlathi zifikelela phantse isiqingatha ummandla uwonke mmandla. Bhunxe, oko imalunga 40 million hectares.

Kwindawo engundoqo ye ngohlangothi ihlathi buzinze kwiindawo zawo emantla (ubukhulu becala kwi Perm kunye nemimandla Sverdlovsk). Ngenxa phambili kwelasezantsi, ukuba ngokuthe ngcembe indawo ihlathi-emathafeni kunye emathafeni. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amahlathi phambene ziye phantsi izithole kakhulu ngexesha XVIII-XIX eminyaka. iindawo Small virgin (yamandulo) amahlathi kwi Urals zingafunyanwa kuphela kwi kumntla mmandla.

imithombo zemozulu zolonwabo kummandla

Imozulu Urals - uhlobo zwekazi. Nezamazwe yayo ngokuphawulekayo kwanda phambili kwi emzantsi-mpuma. Ebusika elide yaye nekhephu kunye aguqu namaxesha - intle. Umbilo isusela ku-700 mm kumantla kwingingqi 200-250 mm emazantsi kulo. Ngokubanzi, isimo sezulu ngasentshonalanga eeNtaba phambene soft ngakumbi kwaye ufumile, kwaye ukuya ngakwimpuma zentaba - elomileyo kubanda.

Ethembisa ukuba ezolimo kunye nophuhliso yezolimo nemveliso kuphela Central kunye Yuzhnyy phambene. Ingakumbi, le ntlambo ebanzi phambene River imele web kulinywa emathafeni wangaphezulu ochumileyo. Le yeyona ndawo iphambili kwezolimo zonke Urals.

imithombo wokuzonwabisa le Urals - kukuthi, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, ubume ezintle, imozulu esempilweni kunye imithombo emininzi eyahlukeneyo yamanzi zezimbiwa (sulfate, chloride sodium, ayoni, bromine, radon). Phakathi zemvelo umdla ezithile emiqolombeni, apho kukho ubuncinane 500! Ngokubanzi, kwingingqi Urals aza ekuphuhliseni ski, zokusingqongileyo, ukhenketho zempilo.