Imisebenzi yezoqoqosho ye WTO

World Trade Organisation - association ngezizwe inxaxheba kwimimiselo kwezorhwebo lasemzini. kumazwe angamalungu. Yasekwa ngonyaka ka-ekuqaleni 1995, Imisebenzi WTO iquka esweni ukuphunyezwa kwe isivumelwano jikelele ngeerhafu kunye norhwebo (GATT). ubulungu balo kuquka kumazwe angaphezu kwama-150. Kwekomkhulu World Trade Organisation, ibekwe eGeneva (Switzerland).

Ukufanelekela Ukuvuma i-WTO isenokuba lizwe ukulawula jikelele ngokusemthethweni umsebenzi kwezoqoqosho , ngokulandelelana, kunye ngokwemigqaliselo yemvumelwano Uruguay Round. Inkqubo Ukuqaliswa kwe-World Trade Organisation yokuxhamla ubuncwane kunene kwaye elide, kuthatha malunga 5 iminyaka. Ekuqaleni wafunda ngenyameko uqoqosho kunye norhwebo-nkqubo karhulumente, kulandele thethwano engezibonelelo ngentsebenziswano eqale yelizwe ukuya WTO, kwimarike, ukugqiba isivumelwano kufikelelwa kwaye abulawe amaxwebhu. Lobulungu ahlawulwa ngokwezi ntlawulo zilapha zeBhunga Jikelele.

Fumana nokuphuma kweso sivumelwano akuyi kuba nzima naliphi na ilizwe: ngqo kuMlawuli-Jikelele ukuze angenise isaziso esibhaliweyo umnqweno ukushiya WTO. Emva kweenyanga ezintandathu ukusuka kumhla isaziso iphelelwa ukusebenza sobulungu entlanganweni. Noko ke, izehlo umnqweno lokuphelisa isivumelwano yokusebenzisana kwimbali umbutho akukenzeki.

Eyona engundoqo Imisebenzi ye WTO:

• esweni imigaqo-nkqubo ye angamalungu;
• esweni ukuthotyelwa kwemiqathango kwiziVumelwano Uruguay Round kunye nezinye izivumelwano phakathi WTO angamalungu;
• umbutho kunye nenkxaso thethwano lorhwebo lombutho;
• ekunikeni uncedo ulwazi ngaphakathi kwinkqubo-sikhokelo WTO;
• Intsebenziswano kunye nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe ukuze ukomeleza inkqubo yorhwebo;
• uncedo ukusombulula naziphi na iimbambano.

Injongo kunye nemisebenzi ye-WTO - ukwandiswa inkululeko kuqoqosho lwehlabathi ngokusebenzisa inkqubo iphutha ngokunciphisa amaxabiso phezu imisebenzi yokungenisa, ukuphelisa imiqathango kunye nemiqobo. Association of Abakhi mkhanya yobomi: UN, IMF, OECD, UNCTAD, WIPO, kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Conference WTO ilawulwa ngabameli abavela onke amazwe inxaxheba kwinqanaba solungiselelo. Iintlanganiso ziyabanjwa ngamathuba kanye kwiminyaka emibini. Baxoxa izinto ezibalaseleyo malunga nemisebenzi ye-WTO kwaye ingqalelo abaviwa ukuba Ukuvuma kwisivumelwano. Kule nkomfa, zonke izigqibo ekufikelelwe ngemvumelwano. Xa kungekho ngezigqibo elizenzayo ukuba ivoti, xa ummeli karhulumente ilungu ngalinye linelungelo lokuvota omnye. Amaxwebhu, izigqibo, izivumelwano kunye nezivumelwano yombutho zibhalwe ngeelwimi ezintathu: IsiNgesi, IsiSpanish, isiFrentshi.

Kufuna ukulandelwa kunye nemigangatho yehlabathi Ukuvuma i-WTO imithetho zorhwebo esekwe yi-nxaxheba. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukudala iimeko urhwebo phakathi kwamazwe, elawula ubudlelwane zemarike inkqubo thethwano. Imiba Eqhelekileyo zichaziwe ngqo ngaphakathi kumbutho, kunye nabo bonke abachaphazelekayo.

Ukudalwa imarike kwezoqoqosho enkulu eRashiya-WTO yathatha iminyaka 17. Ngowe-1993, kwenziwa isicelo ukudibanisa ku GATT, yaye ukususela ngowe-1995, i-Russian Federation wazityhila umnqweno ukujoyina i-World Trade Organisation. IKhomishini wadalwa ukufunda ishishini yorhwebo Russian, apho benza ekufuneni ngokwemigaqo zokuxhamla wentsebenziswano.

Kukho ubunzima obuthile uhlengahlengiso imithetho ngokuvisisana nemilinganiselo Organization Trade. Kufuneka ukuba ukuvula imarike kwamanye amazwe, ukulungisa umsebenzi namasiko, ukuba ukumisela inkxaso-mali yokuthumela yorhwebo kunye izinto, ukubonelela ngenkxaso karhulumente kwicandelo lezolimo. Yenza up indlela yeenguqu kwezoqoqosho, olwenziwe thethwano ixesha elide kunye namazwe abachaphazelekayo. Russia ukujoyina i-WTO kuye kwenzeka ehlotyeni ka-2012. Noko ke, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abahlalutyi Russian ungawuqwalaseli imanyano efana win ebanzi lizwe kunye kwangaphambili kukuvela iingxaki ezithile kuqoqosho Russian.