Yintoni na ke plastids eziphilayo?

Iiseli zezityalo bezinto eziphilayo? Impendulo siyifumana izityalo nemibala: umbala lwabo luxhomekeke umxholo mbala iiseli. Ezi ngombala yande organelles ezikhethekileyo ebizwa plastids.

Yintoni na ke plastids eziphilayo?

Umahluko of plant cells kwizilwanyana kuba phambi chloroplasts, chromoplasts kunye leucoplasts. Ezi organelles banoxanduva iqela lemisebenzi, phakathi leyo ilawulwa ngokucacileyo inkqubo yefotosinthsis. Loo sombala afumaneka plant plastids unoxanduva umbala wabo.

Iseli ye nayiphi ephilayo eucaryotic bodwa non-inwebu, kwaye odnomembrannye dvuhmembrannye organelles. Plastids kunye mitochondria na uhlobo entsha izakhiwo iseli, t. To. Bona singqongwe iileya ezimbini MTC.

Yintoni na iiseli plastid? iintlobo plastids

1. Chloroplasts. cell organelles dvuhmembrannye izityalo Basic elijongene yefotosinthesisi. Ziqulethe uluhlu thylakoid, apho ibekwe nezakhiwo photosynthesis. umsebenzi Thylakoid - ukwandisa umphezulu esebenzayo le organelle. Yintoni plastid oluhlaza? chloroplasts It eziquka ngombala oluhlaza - yiklorofili. Kukho amaqela amaninzi ezi molekyuli, ngalinye elinoxanduva umsebenzi wayo eqondile. Xa izityalo ephakamileyo, ngokuba yiklorofili ngendlela eqhelekileyo, oko kukuthi acceptor amandla elanga ngexesha photosynthesis.
2. Leucoplasts. plastids enemibala ukuba ukuphumeza ngekawusi up umsebenzi kwi plant cells. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba i imilo mgaqweni, ukususela edibanise ungqukuva kwaye awugqibe. Leucoplasts badla angemi yeseli ngumongo, neemicroscope kungabonwa kuphela xa inani elikhulu zithutha. Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo into Stock iintlobo leucoplasts ezintathu. Amyloplasts kube silahla carbohydrate ukuba isityalo ufuna ukugcina kwingongoma ethile. nenqwaba Proteoplasty neeproteni ezahlukeneyo. Oleoplasty angemi ecaleni oyile kunye namafutha, zona umthombo lipids. Yilonto plastids, okwenza umsebenzi yokugcina.
3. Chromoplasts. Uhlobo lokugqibela plastids, nto leyo eye hlukile omthubi, o-orenji okanye obomvu. Chromoplasts - linqanam lokugqibela kuphuhliso chloroplasts apho yiklorofili ibhuqiwe, kunye plastids kuphela carotenoids fat-emanzini. Chromoplasts ziqulethwe iintyatyambo iintyatyambo, iziqhamo ivuthiwe, nkqu komboko zezityalo. Ixabiso ngqo zezi organelles ayaziwa ncam, kodwa siyakholwa ukuba nguvimba carotenoids, ngokunjalo ukunika izityalo umbala ethile. Le kombala ezitsala izinambuzane ukuhlakanipha, nto leyo inceda izityalo zande.

Leucoplasts kunye chromoplasts akakwazi zefotosinthesisi. Iklorofili kula organelles kuyacuthwa okanye wanyamalala, ngoko umsebenzi wabo cardinally zatshintsha.

Indima chloroplasts kwi ukutshintshwa yemfuza

Yintoni na plastids? Kuyinto na iiseli kwisikhululo samandla kuphela, kodwa ke nokugcinwa iiseli yemfuza. Oku thaca ngokohlobo zinemoletyhule DNA setyhula ukuba efana isakhiwo nucleoid of prokaryotes. Oku kwenza kube lula ukucinga imvelaphi relationship of plastids xa iiseli iintsholongwane ukuba zifunxwe plant cells, ukulahlekelwa ukuzimela kwayo, kodwa yashiya imizila yemfuza.

Chloroplast DNA libhekisela iseli kwimfuza cytoplasmic. Oku ezidluliselwa kuphela iiseli ngesondo, nokumisela isini ababhinqileyo. Isidoda ayinako le ndebe ukudlula le DNA eliliduna plastids.

Ukuba chloroplasts - a organelles semi-ezimeleyo, iiproteni ezininzi kuhlelwe kuzo. Kwakhona, ngokwahlula phakathi plastids lwenziwe ngokuzimeleyo. Noko ke, inkoliso iiprotheni chloroplast ukuba kuhlelwe, kusetyenziswa ingcaciso evela engundoqo DNA. Nantso into plastids ngokwemigaqo yemfuza ezinto eziphilayo.

Chloroplasts - cells ngamanzi

Xa inkqubo yefotosinthesis ithatha indawo thylakoids of chloroplasts reactions ezininzi eziphilayo. main umsebenzi wabo - Yindibanisela glucose and ATP. Le bhere lokugqibela iimbophelelo zabo lwemichiza isixa esikhulu amandla, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu iseli.

Yintoni na plastids? Lo mthombo wamandla kunye mitochondria. Inkqubo photosynthesis yahlulwe ukukhanya phase mnyama. Ngexesha photosynthesis isigaba ukukhanya kwenzeka eqale kwiintsalela phosphate ukuya molecule ADP kunye iseli output ufumana ATP.