Yalelani Meretskov - engobomi, impumelelo, amabhaso izibakala fun

Eli nqaku osondeza biography kunye uloyiso engundoqo umphathi obalaseleyo eSoviet - Marshal Meretskov Cyril Afanasevicha.

Xa abantu

Uvela biography of hero yethu oyithathayo sasemaphandleni Russian. Seventh ngoJuni 1897 kwintsapho amafama eziqhelekileyo Meretskov Nazarevo kuloo lali, apho ngelo xesha kwiphondo Ryazan, indawo awazalelwa kuyo umphathi omkhulu Meretskov Cyril Afanasievich. Oku Afcon isigantsontso engwevu-amehlo, njengezininzi oontanga bakhe, kungekudala wayesazi ixabiso idenariyo ubomi enzima nabalimi bemihla ngemihla. Kwakukho enye lokuphuma - isikolo Zemstvo. Le nkwenkwe balawulwa Wasolula ngokokwazi, kodwa ntolovelo ezine edesikeni yakhe ngokuzolileyo kudlule. Lo mfana wayeneminyaka eli-12 ubudala, kwaye kwagqitywa kwelokuba ndimthumele kuye kuyisekazi kwicala zooyise. Silindele elindele ukuba ihlabathi enkulu, kunye nethemba ekufundeni Umkhandi wobugcisa. Buyela eMoscow akwazi ukuqhubeka nezifundo zabo, kwaye oku wathabatha mfo mncinane ukwazi. maelstrom rap ubomi olutsha lwedolophu wathabatha uCyril: wafunda iiklasi ungcwalazi abasebenzi kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umalume wakhe wamsa endaweni yokubonela.

iminyaka abancinci kwaye abe Meretskov

Ngowe-1915, umfana kukhululwa emkhosini ukungenela umkhosi tsarist, apho yena akayi eqwengiweyo. Yaye ngenxa yokoyika. Sabasebenzi liya kuxhotyiswa ziingcamango yotshintsho olululo. Russia kulwa imfazwe enzima ne eJamani Kaiser kaThixo, apho abalweli ingqalelo ubulungisa. Umgangatho wokuphila iwile kakhulu, yaye uluntu eqwengwe eziphikisanayo ezininzi.

Umsebenzi kwi isityalo lowo wenziwe imiyalelo zomkhosi, hayi nje wakhulula Marshal elizayo Meretskov wathumela ngaphambili, kodwa wamsa Lvom Karpovym, injineli imichiza yi umsebenzi kunye yamaBolshevik izimvo zopolitiko. Yena ke abasekondiweyo naye Sudogda. Apho, xa kwiphondo Vladimir, KIRILL wadibana shela kakumkani ukusuka emandleni. Apha akazange achithe ixesha kwiseli RSDLP ezingento, yaye ekupheleni kuka-1917, xa lo mzi waba kuyimfuneko ukwenza imikhosi yokuzikhusela, wamiselwa kwisebe emkhosini.

Amanyathelo okuqala kwintsimi zomkhosi

Imfazwe Civil ugqithisile amandla, wayisusa isivuno sakhe inala wamagazi. Ingongoma esitsha biography of Meretskova Kirilla Afanasevicha uthumela Kazan. amadabi eshushu bohlwaywe abamhlophe kunye legionaries Czech wobulali elizayo alimwi enkulu. Ngo elinye nokulwa wentombi commissioner squad Bulelani umzekelo lobuqu inkalipho cebu amadoda wakhupha loyiso, kodwa yena uhlatywe kanobom. Basics Qaphela bakuthathe UKhomishinala wathumela ukuba izifundo amagosa '. kweminyaka emithathu yoqeqesho khange serene; yena kabini efika amacandelo ezahlukeneyo ngaphambili, apho wafumana amanxeba eziliqela.

Emva kokuba ephumelele, wakhonza eMoscow de 1931. Ukuba sikhonze e Belarus wafumana nguqulelo ngo-1932. Ngu ekuqaleni Jerome Petrovich Uborevycha elizayo Marshal Meretskov mfanelo ubuchule bakhe art kwebhola. Commander 1st isikhundla wayenyanzelisa kunye zomkhosi obungaqhelekanga, ngoko ke uqeqesho kwenzeka kwiindawo kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ubunyani kwemfazwe ngelo xesha. Ngowe-1935, iqhawe eli nqaku ngqo kwi-East Far.

nokulwa umlilo phezu Spain

Ngowe-1936, le amathanga IsiSpanish (ukusuka Morocco ukuya Sahara Spanish) zidale wamajoni, iimbono ultra-hluka, aneliseke kakhulu iziphumo zonyulo, apho kratya encinane iphumelele yi Popular Front Party. Abavukeli bafumana inkxaso epheleleyo evela eItali Germany, lo gama France buntlonirha kuphela wajika wemka, esithi ukuba akayi luxakeke kwi ungquzulwano lwangaphakathi eSpeyin. USSR inkxaso urhulumente ngokuchasene uhulumeni ngokuthumela ngabacebisi kunye nezixhobo. Phambi Meretskov mngeni ezininzi: ukugcina Madrid ukulungiselela luvukelo, ukuseka nokunxibelelanisa umsebenzi Staff Jikelele.

Imisebenzi akulula; abantu balapha, nangona lalwa, kodwa waqonda imfazwe encinane. I amava, izixhobo. amadoda Spanish nokuba akazange afune ukuba ukumba kundikhohlile; kokuqwalasela lo msebenzi bhulukhwe. Meretskov ngokuchanekileyo kuhlolwa ukubaluleka kweendawo Guadalajara ecaleni kwedolophu Madrid, kodwa oku akuthethi kuba lula, yaba idabi ezinkulu angaphathi Italian, kwakheka abasebenzi zomkhosi kunye nezithuthi vehicles imiphako.

moya brilliant uluhlu kunye neeyunithi vehicles, kwakunye nobuchule lanisa yonke imikhosi exhobileyo ziye zanceda ukuba wayoyisa loo ukuya abavela. Urhulumente waseSoviet Meretskov Cyril Afanasevicha nok enikezela Order of uLenin Olubomvu Banner.

Mannerheim line

Izizathu uhlaselo waseUSSR, i-Finnish Democratic Republic ngxi phakathi mbali kubangela iingxoxo bungwanyalala. Kudla ngokuba izizathu ezibini: ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko eLeningrad kunye nokuguqulwa geqe lwentando yesininzi kwiriphabliki Soviet elandelayo. Noko ke, emva kokuba kweziqhushumbisi of mainila kubunkokheli yiSoviet eluhlobo mandikhethe ifuna iinkokheli kwilizwe elingummelwane ukuba arhoxise amajoni Finnish nzulu nommandla wayo. Kakade ke, lo eFinland ayikwazanga akavumelani kwiimeko ezinjalo kuye nokuthotywa. Imfazwe yaqala, kukuchonga izinto esisilela kuzo umatshini Soviet emkhosini. E North-Western Front indulumbane Meretskova K. A. 7 umyalelo yomkhosi.

imikhosi Soviet abe ezintathu inzuzo elihamba, kane zokudubula kunye nomoya ingundoqo, ngokunjalo kwiitanki. Ngaphandle koku, ilahleko kwicala eSoviet baba kakhulu. Kuchaphazela uqeqesho amahlwempu, amahlwempu kunye engafundanga yokuququzelela ubonelelo. EFinland ngenkalipho bakhusela ilizwe labo; kodwa into kuphela ibikholosile; kukunceda namahlakani, nto leyo ezincinci.

Seventh Army kwanikezwa indima amandla strike ukuba wayefanele ukuba atyhile zokuzikhusela utshaba ukususela ephangweni ekunene. Okokuqala ngqa, zixhaswa yi nomkhosi kunye namatanki kusetyenziswa amaqhinga ithala. Eli qhinga yazala isiqhamo: umgca Mannerheim bawa. Enye uloyiso brilliant kwi ngobomi Marshala Meretskova, ababengengabo amenza kuphela isihloko Hero eSoviet Union, kodwa wabeka isiseko uloyiso elizayo emfazweni ezayo, nto leyo esele imincili sokwenjenjalo.

Xa ihamba ziphila njengoko le NKVD

Imbali Meretskov Cyril Afanasevicha simkhumbula zephephandaba brilliant, ngocoselelo kwaye balumke kakhulu okwaziyo ukucinga ngendlela ngaphandle kwebhokisi yaye ngokukhawuleza ziziqhelanise iimeko zitshintsha ngokukhawuleza yeqonga imisebenzi. Kwelinye icala, umsebenzi wakhe uya kuba ukumonelwa ngawo nawuphi na imfazwe, yaye kwelinye - Marshal Meretskov rhoqo aselumelwaneni phezu kwengxondorha lwaya, ngathi yamajoni ezininzi ngelo xesha. Kunazo zonke apho esolwa kwizisele ye NKVD, nto leyo kwenzeke ntoni na umphathi. Amangalelwe ngayo iyelenqe emkhosini baphawula iintsuku 74. Yaye adubule, kodwa zange yenzeke, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokunqongophala kwabasebenzi abanamava, mhlawumbi, Stalin wayekholwa yakhe 'unobuqili Yaroslavl ". Kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi, kodwa imfazwe malunga zange wathi.

warpath avuthayo

Emva kokubuya kwakhe ihlazo Meretskov iintloko 4 umkhosi eyahlukileyo. Wakwazi amajoni kakubi ibethwe. Xa kuyilwa Volkhov Front Cyril Afanasevicha alimwi elimisiweyo. Umphumo Sinyavsky kunye Luban nokusebenza yaba intlekele: ilahleko enkulu eentloko ezaxhobela eSoviet, ukutshatyalaliswa Wezomkhosi weSibini abathinjwa General Vlasov. Kodwa ke izicwangciso yotshaba ethe asilela. Ngokutsho memoirs Wasilewski AM, waphawula injengele iVolga eziphambili ezona zinto zinzima kwaye kakhulu, Meretskov kwakungekho despot-swordsman, kodwa wazibonakalisa nje zephephandaba balumke, efuna izisombululo abangaphantsi kunye iilahleko ezincinci yokulwa koxolo.

Isiphumo yokusebenza "Iskra" yaba kwizixekoapho ukuqapha lwe eLeningrad. Xa Ukupheliswa Volkhovsky obrazovyvaetsja Karelian phambi uqale kokuhlaselwa, umphumo apho nokukhululwa kumantla eNorway. October 26, 1944 uCyril Afanasievich wafumana isihloko Marshal eSoviet Union. Emva koko ke ukuba bafudukela East Far. Xa kokoyisa Kvantukskoy Army Marshal Meretskov wasebenzisa amaqhinga efanayo Blitzkrieg, apho iifayile ezisetyenziswa amajoni amaNazi kwiinyanga zokuqala yemfazwe. Luphawu ezisetyenziswa kulotywe lomoya nolwandle. babhetele of paratroopers Soviet kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ukuze kuthintelwe ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zebhayoloji amabutho Japanese.

Le minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe

Emva kwemfazwe waqhubeka ukukhonza phakathi kwemikhosi exhobileyo. Zidlule ngoDisemba 30, 1968. Wangcwatywa eludongeni yesicelo. Malunga la mabhaso Marshal Meretskov ekubalulekileyo ukuzikhankanya ngokwahlukeneyo. Hero of Soviet Union liye ngokuphindaphindiweyo bezinikezelwe Order of the Red Banner of Lenin, waba mabhaso eliphezulu ngamazwe angaphandle, yabalasela Order of Suvorov kunye Kutuzov, kwakunye Oktobha Revolution kunye Ukoyisa.

Yalelani Meretskov ezintliziyweni zabantu abaninzi baya kuba ophumeleleyo, inkokeli yomkhosi abanezakhono kunye umthetheleli ikhaliphileyo ezweni lokuzalwa kwakhe.