Yenza oorhulumente kumazwe ahlukeneyo ezahlukeneyo umlando zaba inani elaneleyo izizathu ezibangele ukuba ubunye eli lizwe. Kwiminyaka ethile, kwaba kukumelana yasemkhosini (njengoko, umzekelo, kwimeko Amanyeneyo ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX, okanye imbumba anti-uHitler embindini), kwindawo enye - imfuneko inkxaso yemali kunye nezopolitiko (ico emva Ukuwa kweUSSR kunye nokudalwa CMEA - Union wezoQoqosho sokusebenzisana ekugqibeleni -imi- 40 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela). sihlolisise A esincinane zakutshanje kubhengezwe umfelandawonye yethu. Ukudalwa CMEA. Njengokuba kunjalo.
Masiqalise nesibakala sokuba nobangela udale i manyano ngokwezoqoqosho ngo-1949, waba imiphumo ebuhlungu kunye ngokubanzi kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Amazwe e eMpuma Koloni Yurophu ngexesha le mpi zomkhosi yadodobala abantu engakholelekiyo neelahleko kwezoqoqosho. Kunokuba bekuya nokuba bathi icandelo zemali kula mazwe iye zitshatyalaliswe ngokupheleleyo. Indawo yoBuyiselo-mveliso nje kuphela, kodwa ke icandelo zokuhlala kwakunye nezibonelelo ezifunekayo, singasathethi ke bebonke. Ngaba kwakufuneka unikezelo rhoqo zempahla ekrwada, izixhobo kunye, Kakade ke, ukutya. imfundo CMEA ngo-1949 yaye kujongwe ukuba idilesi kunceda le miba.
Amazwe ifakiwe
Abathathi-nxaxheba kwi-Commonwealth omtsha baba yobusoshiyali lizwe eYurophu, ezizezi, Romania, Bulgaria, eSoviet Union, Poland, basala iHungary. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva banamathele yi Albania, yaye kunyaka olandelayo, yaye inxalenye lwentando yesininzi Germany (GDR).
Ukudalwa CMEA ekuqaleni kucingelwa ukuba uya yenziwe kuphela amazwe aseYurophu kwaye eSoviet Union. Noko ke, ngo-1962 kwintlanganiso elandelayo, kwagqitywa ekubeni amalungu emibutho ibe kakuhle ezinye ilizwe izabelo ngokupheleleyo kwaye ixhasa iinjongo eziphambili bombutho. Loo utshintsho umgaqo avunyelwe ukuba abandakanye ekwakhiweni of the People Mongolian Republic, Vietnam kunye Cuba. Noko ke, ngo-1961, Albania yahlukana zonke izivumelwano ayeka inxaxheba Union, ngenxa wokutshintsha yobume karhulumente karhulumente.
Union Umsebenzi
Kubalulekile ukuphawula into kulandelayo: nangona ukuba indalo le CMEA baba ngo-1949, umsebenzi walo uluntu kwezoqoqosho waqala kuphela 60s. Kwaba kule minyaka, iinkokheli inkulu kaRhulumente iqela (USSR) wagqiba ukuba ube uhlobo umanyano eminqubeni yali, ezifana European Economic Union, yabelana imarike eqhelekileyo. Ngamanye amazwi, kwakubonakala okwimo European Union mihla. amazwe CMEA ngo-1964 baqalisa ukungena kwinkqubo elikhulu-isikali zokuhlala zebhanki. Yonke imisebenzi kwenziwa IBEC (Bank International for Economic Cooperation), owasekwa ngo-1963. ubume bezemali entsha iminyaka esixhenxe. umsebenzi wakhe ukukhupha mboleko ixesha elide ukuphunyezwa kwezicwangciso zoluntu. Lo mbutho ubizwa International Investment Bank.
iminyaka engama-70 zaye eziphawuleka esitsha Isigaba - kokusekwa kwenkqubo CMEA ejolise ubunye kwezoqoqosho kunye interpenetration. Oku kuquka ukuphuhliswa iintlobo aphezulu umanyano lwesizwe: utyalo-mali, intsebenziswano mveliso, intsebenziswano entsimini kuphuhliso lwenzululwazi nobugcisa. Yaba ngexesha kwavela eli thuba ezahlukeneyo kumaqela ngamazwe kunye neenkampani. Ngo-1975, nangona ukuqhwalela oqaphelekayo okhuphisana zabo asentshona, amazwe CMEA waba 1/3 yemveliso yorhwebo yehlabathi. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphakathi mdibaniso lixubayele obangela indlela yobungxowankulu ophuhliso kwimakethi. ESoviet Union yenze iinzame ukungenela inkqubo entsha kwezoqoqosho, kodwa watsho phantsi. Imeko yezopolitiko 80 neziphumo utshintsho karhulumente kunye nenkqubo yezopolitiko kwiqela kumazwe inxaxheba (yiSoviet Union, ingakumbi), nto leyo ekugqibeleni uphele umbutho ukuphelisa kwi nyathelo lamalungu ayo. Asinako ukuba indalo le CMEA eye wavumela kumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu ukuvuselela uqoqosho imfazwe adlakazwe kwaye banyukele kwinqanaba entsha yophuhliso loqoqosho.