Naye inkqubo emithanjeni yomntu

Umzimba womntu iqulethe iinkqubo ebalulekileyo parallel ezimbini: kwegazi kunye emithanjeni. Umbane wokuqala lisebenza umzimba, ngoxa owesibini esusa ukusuka izinto eziyingozi. Izazinzulu zithi ukuba inkqubo yabantu emithanjeni (PM) kwavela nasekusungulweni kwegazi. It iqulathe emithanjeni emithanjeni, iimpahla kunye namaziko afana thymus, udakada, limfauzly, kwaye enze umsebenzi yokuqinisekisa yayikukuphuphuma ulwelo ukusuka ancedisana iiseli kwegazi. Nakuba kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo nenkqubo kwegazi amachiza It has akukho emithanjeni akuthethi kuthi ubukho umjikelezo, ngoko ke impendulo yalo mbuzo: evulekileyo okanye zivalwe emithanjeni, izicacele.

Emithanjeni ukuba ezihlangene ngaloo ngokwakha uthungelwano evaliweyo esizigqubutheleyo phantse onke amalungu oluntu. Ziqulethe iiseli endotolialnyh ngaphandle ngena kwiseli. emithanjeni emithanjeni ukumunca ukutshabalalisa iiseli, kuquka ithumba.

Emithanjeni ukuba omise ezimbini ububanzi yaye edidekile, kunye ukwenza iimpahla emithanjeni, enamakhulu semigudu, imibhobho kunye zemithi. Amaninzi, ezo mpahla zibekwe kufutshane yegazi; ukuba ungathanda ukuba athwale nkovu nasesikhumbeni (epifastsialnye) nihle nkovu evela izihlunu kunye namalungu (neempahla subfascial). izitya nkovu imele ulwelo transparent efanayo kumafa ku plasma. iimpahla emithanjeni zakha imibhobho ezintandathu, nto leyo uhlobo jika ezimbini umphanda engundoqo: buti thoracic kunye nkovu ekunene.

Kwakhona, inkqubo emithanjeni yabantu uthwala nkovu ngaphakathi nezibilini. Ngale ndlela kukho limfauzlov ngaphezu kweshumi, ezo zibizwa ngokuba "yommandla". iindawo nkovu i lokucoca zebhayoloji lomzimba womntu, ukuba ukhuphe iiseli ezikhusela umzimba nxamnye zosulelo ezahlukeneyo eziphilayo, ngaloo ndlela ukwenza nezifo. Emzimbeni womntu kukho malunga mnye anamanci mahlanu amaqela iindawo nkovu, ezona zinabantu ibekwe entanyeni, kwi kwamakhwapha, edolweni kunye engqinibeni, emva entanyeni yakhe, xa bedlala.

Le limfauzlom inkulu kucingelwa udakada. elawula ukusebenza kwenkqubo emithanjeni somzimba thymus, ibekwe esifubeni. Ngenxa yoko, iiseli igazi ukuba awele lo mzimba, eziguqulelwe kwi iiseli ezinokuthi ukuphelisa owabumba ezimbi ebantwini. Xa ukhula, ezi seli ijike ibe izihlunu ngamanqatha.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba inkqubo emithanjeni akukho ivaliwe: nkovu ihamba kwicala elinye - ukusuka umzimba ukuya inyama yentliziyo. Kwimeko zokugxojwa inkqubo nentshukumo yayo, umntu onamava ukudumba. Nkovu onikezela iiseli mpilo kunye nezondlo ezahlukeneyo.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kwiindawo nkovu yesiqhelo hayi uvalo. Xa kukho usuleleko okanye ithumba, ukuze wande, ngoko ke kucetyiswa kwiimeko ezinjalo, funa icebiso yincutshe.

Ncokola malunga nendlela inkqubo emithanjeni babantu kuba emva kokuba iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuxilonga ezifana Ngokucofa, iimvavanyo ultrasound kunye ufaniso. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho inani elikhulu izifo ezahlukeneyo kwenkqubo emithanjeni, ngoko isigulo kwangethuba ingaluncedo ngexesha ukwenza afunyaniswe isifo kwaye uqale unyango olufanelekileyo.

Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo emithanjeni yomntu, kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kumzimba yabantu. Njengoko ukhusela nxamnye usulelo ezininzi nezifo, oko kukhuthaza ithombo oksijini amalungu oluntu kunye nezondlo, kwakunye nokususwa kulo yeemveliso ukubola, kwaye nkqu iiseli zomhlaza.