'Kwekhulu Buntashny'

kwinkulungwane ye-17 ( "Buntashny Century") yaba igama yokomfuziselo kakhulu. Waqalisa the Time Iingxaki, ephakathi kwalo ixesha lixakekileyo wolawulo Alexei Mikhailovich. iintshukumo Social yale xesha luphawulwa ngamandla yaye ububanzi, ubunzulu kunye nexesha.

Ngowe-1645 waba ngukumkani Alexei Mikhailovich, lowo baphenjelelwa kakhulu ngutitshala wakhe - Boyar Morozov. Emva kokuba umtshato wakhe kuMaria Miloslavskaya, intsapho omtsha yasebukhosini weza igunya, waqala othiya isicengo, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ukunganeliseki ebantwini loo meko.

Ngomdlalo, eyaba eyayidume "kwinkulungwane buntashny" kwahluka ubhalo ngaphambili kude kube ngoku senkxaso yeenginginya nanto leyo zafikelela phantse ukuba malibe ngakanani na eli lizwe. Eli xesha, i-Salt, Plague, udlame ibhrasi, izixholoxholo yasezidolophini Novgorod kunye Pskov, nesihlalo Solovetsky, razinschiny. Kodwa ke, nangona ndlongondlongo laloo mvukelo, urhulumente nzima yokuphelisa imvukelo ngoncedo ulwaneliseko kwenxenye ngezinto ezifunekayo okanye ukusetyenziswa amandla.

eziqhubekayo Urban sinabele kwiidolophana ezininzi lizwe ngenxa yokuba umthwalo werhafu kwi abarhwebi namagcisa kwaba nzima ngakumbi qho ngonyaka, kwaye UNondyebo agcwaliswa ngokunciphisa imivuzo servicemen ngabantu abaqhelekileyo.

Salt Riot ngo-1648 waba ngomnye luqhankqalazo zinamandla olungakwaziyo "buntashny Century". uguquko kwezezimali Boyar tvoix ezinxulumene nokuqaliswa berhafu lweTyuwa, wabangela ukunganeliseki obomeleleyo tenements kunye yabatoli. Kwaqhambuka Njengekomkhulu mvukelo yaphela ukuhlangabezana neemfuno-nxaxheba bayo: uhulumeni ulisela abagwebi musketeers ehlawulelwe engange-8, neye akukho kuphinda isifundo "pravezh" (besaphula amatyala knockout).

Kodwa emva kokuba mvukelo eMoscow wavusa iliza UDUSHE nezidubedube nasemizini yasezithabazini, nasemizini yelasezantsi kweli lizwe, eSiberia Pomerania. Eyona ebalulekileyo yimincili ngo-1650 e-Novgorod kunye Pskov. Abo bavukeli Wabaphelisa irhuluneli wasinika amandla kubadala zedolophu. Le isiyaluyalu Novgorod zaye bacinezelwa amajoni karhulumente, kwaye igqiza ukusuka kwikomkhulu bezibhekiselwe ukukholisa Pskov, leyo wanika ukuxolelwa ukuya bavukeli kutshintshiselwano isivumelwano sabo ukuba bayeke ukusebenza.

"Buntashny ubudala" waqhubeka Riot yoBhedu eMoscow (1662), nto leyo ngeendlela ezininzi wakhumbuza iziganeko lweTyuwa Riot. Ngasemva kwakukho kungase imali yobhedu, kunye neerhafu ezirhafiswayo isilivere eliphezulu-grade. Posad amadoda abatoli, Reiter kunye amajoni kaNdikhoyo ekampini eMoscow thaca uFaro kunye nezityholo e izinduna ngamandla uMbuso, bamceba izibonda kunye zokusila yintshabalalo. komele Fletcher ngamandla saa bavukeli owabonakala kukumkani kunye neemfuno "izinduna ubivstva."

"Leminyaka Buntashny" eRashiya mhlawumbi kangangoko ngaphezu luqhankqalazo wedolophu, eyaziwa ngokuba Razin intshukumo (kugqiba iminyaka 60-70), nto leyo wanikwa iwonga kwemfazwe, kodwa kukho amathandabuzo phezu oyilwayo, kwabakho imfazwe ye umlimi okanye Cossack . Imfazwe kunye Sweden kunye Poland ziye zakhokelela ekuchithweni yabemi. Ngenxa yokukhula kwenani labemi yokunganeliseki emkhosini Don Cossack kwasekwa, ababefuna ukubhukuqa inkqubo yezopolitiko kwaye amkele ibhodi ngokuzithandela.

"Abancedi Abantu" - Don Cossack Stepan Razin - umntu, ukuphalaza imilambo igazi. baseman Violence yabangela ubundlobongela ukuziphindiselela ngabasemagunyeni. Razinschina yavela kwi Don, apho kudala bahlala abalimi sisibhadu abameli Posada, owayenqwenela abe freestyle. Ngowe-1667 Stenka "votagu liqokelelwa abahluphekayo" kwaye "waya ngumoya phezu kolwandle okuluhlaza 'ukuze' ukufumana wokulondoloza imali, kungakanani nifanele." Razintsy ngobuqili wathabatha Yaitsky edolophini kunye bashiya ubabalo impiriyali liza ukuxolelwa ngenxa yemvukelo ezaziqhubeka. Stenka lweCaspian waqalisa iphulo lakhe, bobabini karhataka anti-wobukhosi. Amadangatye wokuvukela utshayelwe kummandla iVolga. Kuphela ngo 1671 Razin waba ezandleni karhulumente wabulawa kwi- Red Square. Amaziko ephambili qhankqalazo livunyelwe.

"Buntashny Century" kukhokelele utshintsho kubomi elizayo eRashiya.