2 Belorussian Front: Commander, ukwakheka, idabi indlela yakho

Xa lokugqibela Inqanaba kweMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, xa amajoni Soviet ukuba babanjwa kamva ukusuka amaJamani wonke ummandla RSFSR Front 2nd Belorussian. Kwakukho ezimbini lokusekwa lombutho, ebandakanya imikhosi eziliqela.

Ukwakheka lokuqala

Februwari 17 kwagqitywa ukwenza Front we2 Belorussian kwi Umyalelo Ephakamileyo. ukuqaliswa ummiselo ngoFebruwari 24. Umphambili entsha wangena Army (we-47, we-61 we-70), esebenze kwi Polesie - kummandla kumda ophakathi Belarus ne Ukraine. Apha, amaJamani ahlala neluncedo qhinga, nangona ngokoyiswa ebalulekileyo empumalanga. amajoni Wehrmacht zabanjwa izixeko ebalulekileyo ukuze baphinde babe lula kangangokuba kwakungenjalo. Ngenxa yokuba eli phulo qhinga emfazweni ngenqindi phantsi wafudukela eSoviet Union, Stalin wabuza ukukhawulezisa iphezulu ekhubekisayo, ukuba abe ngowokuqala eJamani ukufaka Berlin. Noko ke, ngaphambi kokuba ubeke unyawo kwi kumhlaba waseJamani, amajoni eSoviet kwafuneka ukuba bapase Belarus nje kuphela kodwa Poland.

2nd Belorussian Front ekhokelwa Colonel-Jikelele Pavel Kurochkin. Chief of Staff waba uLieutenant Gen. Vladimir Kolpakchi. Aba bantu kwakhokelela Polesskaya operation ekhubekisayo, eyathatha ukususela ngoMatshi 15 ukuya kutsho ngoAprili 5, 1944. Eyona njongo iphambili yale imikhosi Soviet kule ndawo yaba isixeko Kovel. Kwakhona ngaxeshanye ukuphuhlisa lohlaselo kwicala le Pripyat River.

Retreat evela Kovel

Kwakukho maqela amaqela isiJamani "Umbindi" yaye "South". Ngokutsho kwakhe wambetha ngesibetho jikelele, kwaye imikhosi Soviet ngokufutshane wakwazi ukuvala Kovel, nto leyo ke akazange anikezele. Ukongeza, i-Wehrmacht batyath oovimba ukuba amaJamani ngasemva. 2nd Belorussian Front uyekile ukusebenza. Kungekudala yaba ukunqongophala oluqaphelekayo amandla, apho umyalelo eSoviet yayingenanto sikhala. Isizathu zisala yokuba iirhafu kuqhubeka ukuba inyanzelise kuhlaselwa ngokukhawuleza, nokuba imo kwabantu bokusebenza. Amajoni ababekho ngaphambili, engazange azishiye yena iinyanga ezininzi, yaye sele iwupasisile ukunduluka amakhulu eekhilomitha.

Ngenxa yazo zonke ezi zizathu ngaphambili ayiphumelelanga ukwenza umsebenzi wayo ophambili - ukukhulula Kovel. Noko ke, isiseko esihle elizayo sele yenziwe. BaseJamani naye kontrnastupat nto, ukuze kangangexesha elithile imfazwe baba ngokokuma. April 5 aye ohlulwa Front 2nd Belorussian. Commander Pavel Kurochkin wafumana ekujoliswe entsha.

operation Belorussian

Noko ke, kwiiveki ezimbalwa kamva, ngoAprili 24, 2 Belorussian Front kwamiswa ngokutsha. ukubunjwa yesibini waze ekupheleni kwemfazwe yaye apheliswe ngoJuni 1945. Kunyaka ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi elibekwe phambi kwakhe ekugqibeleni ntshunxa Belarus.

NgoMeyi, phambi umkhosi yakhokelela iimfazwe ngokokuma, balinde isiyalelo ukuba ekhubekisayo elitsha. Oko yaqala ngoJuni 23, xa ukuze aye phambili kwaye wanika namanye amaqela. Yaba wamelwa ecwangcisiweyo imikhosi Soviet, leyo enokulungiswa emva kokuba senze entwasahlobo yaye ukulungele kwakhona ukuya phambili ekulandeleni layohlala amajoni German.

Kulo msebenzi Byelorussian yaye akuzi kuphela Front we2 Belorussian, kodwa 1st Baltic (umphathi - Ivan Bagramyan), 3rd Belorussian (umphathi - Ivan Chernyakhovsky), 1 Belorussian (uKonstantin Rokossovsky). Ekuqaleni imisebenzi eentloko ezaxhobela Soviet waba abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezithandathu, amawaka amatanki kunye pieces zokudubula.

Mogilev ekhubekisayo

Ngomhla olwandulela Jikelele omtsha wayiqhubela 2nd Byelorussian Front. Commander Ivan Petrov wafumana imikhosi eziliqela, kuquka i-50 kunye Air Force 4.

Ekupheleni kukaJuni, umbutho qhinga inxaxheba operation Mogilev. Ngexesha kwizikhundla zakhe utshaba ezaphukileyo kanye ngeveki zaye, wawela Dnieper River kunye Pronya. Bakhululwa kwizixeko ezibalulekileyo Mogilev, kunye Bykhov Shklov. Army Group "Umbindi" ifumene umsantsa gqitha, nto leyo eye yaba layo isithende Achilles. Ngomhla endleleni Front 2 Byelorussian yaba elihamba kwiCandelo 12 le amaJamani, leyo zitshatyalaliswe ngokupheleleyo. Kwakhona ngexesha airstrike wabulala umphathi odumileyo engabandakanyi itanki Austria Robert Martinek.

Kwangaxeshanye, Colonel-Jikelele Georgiy Fedorovich Zaharov wakhokela 2nd Belorussian Front. Ukulwa indlela lokhu badlula kumgxobhozo ashinyeneyo apho kwakunzima ukulwa amaJamani kunye esiqhelekileyo Soviet.

Bialystok operation

Kungekudala, phambi yomkhosi wathabatha inxaxheba umsebenzi Bialystok ukuba yinxalenye msebenzi Belorussian. Lohlaselo omtsha waqalisa ngoJulayi 5 yaphela nge-27 Julayi. Kwinxalenye ehlotyeni bomphambili sasisebenza ngokusondeleyo ezintlwini oselula Jikelele Ivan Danilovich Chernyakhovsky, kalusizi wafela East Prussia kwezi nyanga yokugqibela imfazwe.

July 24, ekugqibeleni wakhululwa ngomhla isixeko Belarusian ka Grodno. Ngaphambi - nomda Poland. Yaba phezu amakhulu khilomitha, leyo ugciné 2nd Belorussian Front. Ukubunjwa yimikhosi zihlaziywa rhoqo nabalwi ezintsha ababevela ngasemva, ndiyipholise imivumbo yabo okanye kokugqiba izifundo zoqeqesho okukhawulezileyo ukuba amajoni. Belarus iye kuvunwa yi-Wehrmacht.

Julayi 27 Soviet Army wangena Bialystok. waba ngumzi Polish yokuqala enkulu nebalulekileyo, nto leyo eye ishiywe abahlaseli waseJamani, abeza apha ekuqaleni yeSibini kweMfazwe Yehlabathi, ngo-1939. Bialystok ukusebenza iye yaphela nokukhulula Belostok C.

operation East Prussia

NgoNovemba, intloko ngaphambili wenziwa Marshal eSoviet Union uKonstantin Konstantinovich Rokossovsky. Ekupheleni kwehlobo kwaye ekuweni, imikhosi Soviet kwakhona wazuza amandla ukuze wenze impumelelo ePoland. Ukongeza, le elingaphambili East Prussia - eyayigquba German, nto leyo elawulwayo banawo Wesithathu. kwakukho isixeko ezibalulekileyo Koenigsberg, kwakunye "isikhundla Wolf kaThixo" - izinga engundoqo Adolf Hitler, apho wayiqhubela uhlaselo yiSoviet Union, lo gama i imeko kule ngingqi ingabi kakhulu kokwa ukuba Wehrmacht.

January 13 waqalisa ukusebenza East Prussia, apho ubuhanjelwe Front 2 Belorussian. Uluhlu nxaxheba impi kakhulu ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba akhokele. amagama abalinganiswa walondoloza amaxwebhu ezikoovimba. Ebutsheni bowe-1945, malunga nezigidi ezingama-1.6 abantu bathabatha inxaxheba msebenzi.

Ukuba 3 Belorussian Front wafudukela ukuya Königsberg, i-2 waya Marienburg (Poland Malbork mihla). isenzo sabo yamxhel'omnye kumele ukuba ukhokelele ekubeni encirclement yonke le East Prussia kudweliswe i Wehrmacht. Ubukhulu becala ke loo nabasebenzi 'Centre "(ngoJanuwari uqambe" North ") Wezomkhosi Group.

Mlavsko-operation Elbingskaya

January 26 amajoni Soviet besive Front 2 Byelorussian, weza kwiindonga i Vistula lomlambo. Kwiiveki ezimbini ezidlulileyo, imikhosi yaseSoviet abagqibe ngempumelelo Mlavsko Elbingskuyu-operation. Ku Ndasithimba i wazazi ezibalulekileyo kummandla wedolophu Bromberg. Ekugqibeleni wawa Marienburg, ukuvumela imikhosi amaqela ngenxa yosizi Pomerania. I Masurian Lake District angqongwe kwaye wachitha 2nd Wehrmacht Army. Kwakhona zonakala 4 Army.

East Pomeranian ekhubekisayo

Ukususela ngoFebruwari 10 ukuya ku-Epreli 4 waqhubeka East Pomeranian ekhubekisayo, nto leyo ubuhanjelwe Front 2 Byelorussian. 1945 wathembisa ukuba ube nempumelelo, kodwa ke wayesaphila kwiphondo kumantla Polish, ngokunjalo Berlin.

Ebudeni zokuqala iintsuku ezilishumi lohlaselo umkhosi Soviet likwazile phambili iikhilomitha ezingama-40 kuphela. Ngenxa ilahleko enkulu kunye nokungakwazi ukusebenza qhubela imisiwe ngokufutshane. February 24, zokuyixakatha phambi kwe-19 Army kunye 2nd Shock Army. umgomo wabo umzi Keslin (Koszalin yanamhlanje). AmaJamani wamelana uyinjubaqa, esazi ukuba kokurhoxa ngokubanzi akukho ndawo enye.

Kwangaxeshanye, 1st Belorussian Front wafudukela ukunceda iqela Rokossovskogo. isenzo ezinxityelelanisiweyo ngamaqela amabini kuvunyelwa ukwaphula ukuziphendulela umkhosi waseJamani. Kuye wagawulwa ngokwamaqela eziliqela amancinane, ngamnye oko kukuthi, okanye umva, okanye abanye. Matshi 5, amajoni eSoviet bafika emdeni kuLwandle lweBaltic. Ekupheleni kwale nyanga i kwizibuko ebalulekileyo iDanzig (Gdansk) wathathwa. operation East Pomeranian yagqitywa ngempumelelo. A indima enkulu kule loyiso, wayedlala Front yesibini Byelorussian. Ukwakhiwa yawongwa iimbasa ezahlukeneyo kunye nemiyalelo. Kwamenywa abantu zanikwa kwisihloko Hero eSoviet Union.

Berlin operation

Ngaphambi kwaba kwidabi, nangona isiphumo imfazwe yayisele ngokucacileyo onke amaqela. Lo mbuzo kuphela ngoobani kuqala ukuya ezantsi eBerlin - Soviet Army okanye Amanyeneyo Koloni. Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin wayefuna ukunika Churchill kunye Roosevelt. Ukusuka bonke abathetheli bakhe, wababuza ngalo naliphi na inyathelo ngexabiso phambili, kungakhathaliseki ukuba inani kwabafileyo. imibingelelo Human zininzi kakhulu.

Kunjalo, phambi kokuba phambili. Berlin ukusebenza yaqala ngo April 16. Okokuqala ukuba indenza oder, nto leyo umda phakathi Poland ne Germany. Nomkhosi bafudukela ngazwinye ngu 200, utshayelwe i imikhosi yaseJamani. Kwi Victory Day, Meyi 9, i Army 19 bathatha inxaxheba ukugaleleka kwisiqithi Danish ka Bornholm. Ngokubanzi, i-2 Belorussian Front babugubungela izenzo nezinye iiyunithi, angenileyo ngqo eBerlin.

inani

Iingalo Front 2 Byelorussian kulo nyaka ikhona, wakhulula yonke Belarus. Alwa ngaphandle amaJamani emntla Poland, ibe luncedo olukhulu kubemi bezo kumzabalazo lalo bahlaseli. Ekugqibeleni, umkhosi, umnyango ukuya phambili, wathabatha inxaxheba Battle of Berlin. Ngehlobo lowe-1945 elingaphambili yajika kuMntla Group of Forces, kwakukho Ejamani eSoviet Union.