Feat Maresiev, umqhubi kunye umntu wokwenene. Yintoni eyenza feat ka Aleksey Maresev?

Alekseya Mareseva feat - umqhubi edume yiSoviet, ngubani aphulukana imilenze ngethuba Second World War - ngoku eyaziwa kubo bonke. Amandla kwaye banqwenela ukuba baphile uTshawe ikwaze ukufa kuqala, uze emva koko ukukhubazeka. Ngokwahlukileyo isivakalisi ngathi basinika idalelwe, Maresiev ikwazile ukusinda xa ebona kube nzima ukubuyela ngaphambili kwi eqeqesha ukulwa kwaye ngexesha elinye ubomi ngokupheleleyo. Feat Maresiev - ithemba kunye nomzekelo kubantu abaninzi bangamaxhoba iimeko ezibuhlungu, hayi kuphela kwempi, kodwa kwixesha loxolo. Ukhumbula, nto leyo enokwenza umntu ongazange alahlekelwe amandla ukulwa nokukholelwa ngokwabo.

Maresiev Alexei Petrovich: Abantwana abakwishumi elivisayo

May 20, 1916 entsatsheni uPetros kunye Catherine Maresjev abahlala Kamyshin (langoku Volgograd Region), unyana wesithathu wazalwa. Alex wayeneminyaka emithathu ubudala xa uyise wabulawa amanxeba ezifunyenweyo leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Umama, Catherine Nikitichna, owayesebenza wokucoca kumzi-mveliso, isabelo ayawa elula lift ezinyaweni zakhe abantwana abaninzi - uPetros, uNicholas Alexis.

Emva kokuphumelela ibanga lesibhozo, Aleksey Maresev ababhaliswe esikolweni esikolweni, apho wafumana uvumo a locksmith. Iminyaka emithathu wasebenza kulo maplanga in Kamyshin Turner kwi zentsimbi kunye ngaxeshanye wafunda kwi ubuhlakani yabasebenzi '. Nokuba ke, waba nomnqweno ukuba uvavanyo.

Kabini wazama ukuba angene Flight School, kodwa wabuyela la maxwebhu: Eqhutywa ebuntwaneni kakhulu lwe seengcongconi uthathela phantsi impilo yakhe, nzima rheumatism. Bambalwa bakholwa ngexesha yeyokuba uThemba uza kuba pilot - akukho unina okanye abamelwane kungekho ngaphandle - kodwa ngenkani waqhubeka sizama kwiinjongo zabo.

Ngowe-1934, le ulwalathiso ikomiti yesithili Komsomol Kamyshinsky Maresiev wathumela iyavuma Krai kulwakhiwo Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Ukusebenza njenge oomatshini-Technician, yena nabo benza kwiklabhu ebhabhayo, ukufunda ityala lotnomu.

Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, xa Maresiev wacetywa ukungenela umkhosi, yena wathunyelwa ukuya aviapogranotryad 12 kwi Sakhalin Island. Ukusuka apho, wabelwa ukuba isikolo Aviation kwidolophu Bataisk, ukusuka apho waphumelela olingana uLieutenant yesibini. Apho wamiselwa ngomfundisi. Bataisk wakhonza ukuya emfazweni.

Ukuqala yokulwa imbali feat

Ngo-Agasti 1941, Alekseya Mareseva wathumela ngaphambili. Eyokuqala nokuhlasela kwenzeka kufuphi Krivoy Rog. Xa entwasahlobo konyaka ozayo, umqhubi yadluliselwa North-Western Front, ukuze lihlawulwe sele-moya inani ezine utshaba ababeke.

April 4, 1942 ngexesha lidabi moya kufuphi Staraya Russa (kummandla Novgorod) watshayiswa Maresiev umlweli, waza wenzakala. Umqhubi Kwanyanzeleka ukuba umhlaba emahlathini - in ngasemva utshaba.

iintsuku ezilishumi elinesibhozo Alexey Maresiev ngamandla balwa ekufeni, owenza indlela yakhe eya kumgca ngaphambili. Xa wachaza ababuleweyo, uze emva koko iinyawo iqabaka-elunyiwe, waqhubeka ukuhamba ngazitho zine, ukutya amaxolo, namaqunube, iikhowuni pine ... ayifiki usaphila, wafunyanwa emahlathini, amakhwenkwe amabini ukusuka kwidolophana Plav (soft), ummandla Valdai. Abahlali wazifihla nokulingwa yena, kwaye ndazama ukuhamba, kodwa imiphumo zokonzakala kunye nemilenze frostbite ayenzima kakhulu. operation Maresjev efunekayo.

Ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, kufuphi kwilali moya kokwehla. It lwaqalwa yi Andrew Dehtyarenko - kwadingeka, leyo bakhonza Maresiev. Umqhubi elimele uthubelezise eMoscow kwisibhedlele yasemkhosini.

bewazi bazilindele oogqirha ... uze ubuyele kwinkqubo

Yonke into eyenzekayo ngomhla yaye akukho nto enye ubude ungaphazanyiswa Maresiev feat. Esibhedlela njengesilonda ubuthi igazi pilot oogqirha wasindisa ubomi, kodwa kwafuneka nquma lesiquluba yakhe imilenze yomibini. Usalele esibhedlele, uAlex uqala Amazing olunzima. Kulungiselwe nje ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukunyuka kule afakelweyo uze ufunde ukuya kuwo. icebo lakhe - ukuba nabo ukuze ngokugqibeleleyo, ukuba abe nako ukubuyela moya. Waqhubeka ukuqeqesha ngowe-1942 iiholide, iyenza ibe yimpumelelo eyadala okubangelwe ukuthanda kwakhe intsimbi kunye nesibindi.

Ekuqaleni konyaka ozayo Maresiev wathumela ukuba axilongwe, emva koko wabelwa ukuba Ibresinskuyu flight yesikolo Chuvashia. NgoFebruwari 1943, wayeqhuba ngempumelelo ukubhabha lokuqala uvavanyo emva kukwenzakala kwakhe. Ngalo lonke eli xesha ke waba ubenokuqina ephawulekayo Zezokungxokwa ngokwala kwakhe ukuya kulwa.

Kwaye kwakhona edabini!

Nceda pilot imvume ngoJulayi 1943. Kodwa ke induna 63rd Guards Fighter Aviation webutho kwi ukoyika kuqala ukuba naye lo msebenzi. Noko ke, emva kokuba umphathi-butho yakhe Alexander amanani novelwano Maresjev, waqalisa ukuba naye lamaphulo yokulwa, leyo yajika yaphumelela amaxesha, ukuthembeka ubuchule umqhubi zinyuke.

Emva Maresiev uziphose zitho, phambi kokuphela kwemfazwe, baye badutyulwa phantsi ngaphezulu utshaba moya ezisixhenxe. Kungekudala uzuko malunga feat Maresiev asasazwe kuzo ngaphambili.

Malunga eli xesha, intlanganiso yokuqala ye Alexei Petrovich ziimfazwe imibiko wephephandaba "PRAVDA" Boris Polevoy. Feat pilot Maresiev Field waphefumlelwa ukuba ukudala kwincwadi yakhe edumileyo, "The Story of a Man Real". It Maresiev wenza umatshini we umlinganiswa ophambili.

Ngowe-1943 Maresiev wafumana isihloko Hero eSoviet Union.

Ukuphela kwemfazwe. Life emva kokuba - enye feat ngaphezulu Maresiev

Emva konyaka, Alekseyu Maresevu usenokucelwa ukuba asishiye ekulweni webutho, uye kolawulo uMkhosi waseMoyeni ngayo iiyunivesiti umhloli post-pilot. Wavuma. Ngenxa yakhe, nangesi sihlandlo minyaka imashumi asibhozo anesixhenxe nokuhlasela ugobela phantsi elinanye moya yotshaba.

Ngowe-1946, Alexei Petrovich wajika Maresiev alahlwa evela Force Air, kodwa waqhubeka ukugcina rhoqo i imilo kakhulu emzimbeni. Yena skated, skied, ukuqubha kunye ngebhayisekile. irekhodi lakhe lobuqu wamisa kwi Kuibyshev, xa wawela iVolga (2200 eemitha) kwimizuzu amahlanu anesihlanu.

Maresiev wayedume kakhulu kule minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba kwimibhiyozo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye bathatha inxaxheba kwiintlanganiso kunye nabafundi. Ngowe-1949, waya eParis, ukuthatha inxaxheba kule yokuqala yeHlabathi Peace Congress.

Ukongezelela, waqhubeka izifundo zakhe, abaphumeleleyo ngo-1952 kwi-Higher Party School of the Central Committee CPSU, yaye kwiminyaka emine kamva wayezithethelela entsimini wembali ithisisi.

Ngowe-1960, ihlabathi wabona incwadi ethi "On the Kursk Velile Lolwana", umbhali ogama Aleksey Maresev (ifoto ngezantsi).

Ixesha elininzi ezisingelwe umsebenzi wentlalo Maresiev. Waba yinxalenye yamaGqala eMfazwe Committee, wonyulwa ukuba Ephakamileyo yiSoviet waseUSSR koko, wakhokela All-Russian WWII Disabled Fund.

usapho

Alexei Petrovich Maresiev wayetshatile. Galina Viktorovna Mareseva (Tretyakov), umfazi wakhe, yaba umqeshwa eyiNtloko Staff Air. Ke wazala abanye oonyana ababini. Senior, Victor (1946), ngoku ilawulwa yi-Maresiev Foundation. Junior, uAlex (1958), owayesakuba abakhubazekileyo ukususela ebuntwaneni, wafa ngo-2001.

ukufa

kwiintsuku ezimbini ngaphambi komhla esemthethweni yokuzalwa yolingo enkulu, ngoMeyi 18, 2001, xa i-Theatre ye-Russian Army kwaba kubanjelwa ikonsathi kumsitho isikhumbuzo vosmidesyatipyatiletnego Maresiev. Kuba ixesha elithile ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe msitho, Alexei Petrovich kwakukho ndamelwa yintliziyo, emva kokufa kwakhe.

Aleksey Maresev wangcwatyelwa Novodevichy Amangcwaba eMoscow.

Ukukhunjulwa hero

Ukulwa kunye nabasebenzi nkonzo Maresiev anikwe iimbasa ezininzi. Ukongeza i-Gold Star of Hero eSoviet Union kunye Inani lamabhaso imo kwilizwe lakhe, waba Knight-odolo ezininzi amazwe kunye neembasa. Kwakhona waba isosha Wawongwa enye iiyunithi zomkhosi, i ummi Wawongwa lwakhe lweenkobe Kamyshin, Orel, Komsomolsk-on-Amur nakwezinye izixeko. Igama lakhe ngu-mali karhulumente, inani kwezitalato, izikolo kunye neeklabhu zobuzwe nkqu iplanethi encinane.

Inkumbulo Alexei Maresjev, amandla akhe yokuthanda, echwayithile nenkalipho enelungelo amenza luzuko lwendoda-legend, ziya kuhlala ngonaphakade ezintliziyweni zabantu, ukukhonza njengomzekelo ngemfundo izizukulwana ezizayo.