IKomiti Central CPSU. Okokuqala UNobhala CPSU

Oku ngoku phantse zange isebenzisa ungayiqondiyo sake kwaziwa ukuba umntwana ngamnye kwaye uthetha phantse ngentlonipho. IKomiti CPSU Central! Yintoni na le leta?

Malunga lomculi

Thina abanomdla basisishunqulelo ithetha iKomiti Central of Communist Party eSoviet Union, okanye nje CC. Xa sijonga ukubaluleka Communist Party eluntwini, umzimba wayo lolawulo lula kubizwa ngokuba ekhitshini, apho "okuphekwe" izigqibo sibi elizweni. Amalungu CPSU Central Committee, yezikhakhamela iphambili lizwe - "povaryata" kule ikhitshi, kwaye "kumpheki" - uNobhala-Jikelele.

Ukusuka kwimbali CPSU

Imbali emfundo kawonke baqalisa kudala ngaphambi revolution kunye isibhengezo eSoviet Union. Kude kube 1952 igama layo zaguquka izihlandlo ezininzi, ukuba RSDLP, RSDLP (b), le RCP (b), i-CPSU (b). Ezi izifinyezo Njengoba kubonakala ezithile nanini ideology (ukusuka idemokhrasi bentlalo abasebenzi yamaBolshevik Communist Party) kunye isikali (ukusuka Russian kuzo zonke-Union). Kodwa hayi amagama ubunjalo. Ukususela-20 ukuya kwiminyaka 90 yenkulungwane lokugqibela, ilizwe inkqubo iqela, kwaye Party wamaKomanisi waba ububange iNkosi enguMongami. Siseko ka-1936, yena yathatyathwa undoqo yobunkokheli, nomyalelo iphambili kweli lizwe ngo-1977 yaye zonke wavakalisa phambili nokukhokela amandla yoluntu. Nawuphi na umyalelo, bazifinyeza CPSU iKomiti Central, ngoko nangoko wathabatha phezu onebango lomthetho.

Konke oku, Kakade ke, akazange igalelo kuphuhliso lwentando lizwe. I-USSR ngenkuthalo isixhobo ukungalingani kunye imigca iqela. Nokuba izikhundla ezincinane zokuphatha kuphela amalungu Party anokubanga, abandinyelise ngawo na iimpazamo loo mfundi kwaye umgca iqela le. Enye isohlwayo kakhulu esibi yaba ukuhluthwa ikhadi lobulungu. Party kubekwe ngokwalo njengoko iqela abasebenzi kunye namafama, ngoko kwakukho quota kakhulu engqongqo azondle kunye namalungu amatsha. Kwakunzima ukuba kwizikhundla iqela yeengcali okudala okanye abasebenzi ulwazi; hayi ngaphantsi ngokungqongqo esweni Party nokubunjwa kwayo wesizwe. Ngale Ukukhetha akusoloko iqela ngenene ngcono.

YeMithetho Party

Ngokutsho Charter, yonke imisebenzi Communist Party elihlanganisayo. Kwimibutho zaseprayimari, izigqibo ezithathwayo kwiintlanganiso jikelele, jikelele, ibhunga lolawulo ibanjwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka embalwa Congress. Malunga rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, baba plenum party. CPSU IKomiti Central kwi amathuba phakathi kweentlanganiso zephaneli yeplinari kunye ngeenkongolo lusisisekelo lolawulo linoxanduva yonke imisebenzi iqela. Xa ithuba, umzimba njengowongamileyo ukuba kweliso yiKomiti Central unguye Bureau Political, ikhokelwe (lokuqala) ngunobhala.

Phakathi uxanduva ezisebenzayo weKomiti Central namajoni angama- nkqubo yabasebenzi kunye nolawulo kwinkalo mali inkcitho iqela kunye nolawulo lomsebenzi imibutho yoluntu. Kodwa hayi kuphela. Kunye eSoviet Politburo wazimisela umsebenzi zabantu lonke kweli lizwe, bagqiba eyona miba uxanduva lwezopolitiko noqoqosho.

Phezu nkcukacha ka Soviet

Abantu babehlala eSoviet Union, ngoko ke kunzima ukuyiqonda. Kwilizwe wentando yesininzi, apho kukho iqela zamaqela, imisebenzi zabo ekhathaza kangako engumshumayeli elula - ukhumbula nje phambi konyulo kwabo. Kodwa eSoviet Union indima ephambili ye Communist Party wagxininisa nokuba siseko! Xa izityalo kunye neefama, kunye neeyunithi zomkhosi kwi qela leyo nomququzeleli yesibini iqela (yaye ngokufuthi ngokubaluleka kuqala) Intloko yale sakhiwo. Ngokusemthethweni, i Party wamaKomanisi nako ukulawula kwezoqoqosho kunye neenkqubo zopolitiko; ngokuba oko kwakukho iBhunga labaPhathiswa. Kodwa enyanisweni, i Party wamaKomanisi wagqiba yonke into. Akukho namnye Ndamangaliswa kukuba le miba ibalulekileyo yezopolitiko, kunye nezicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu kuphuhliso loqoqosho kuze kuxoxwe iindibano zeqela ezimisele. IKomiti CPSU Central wayalela zonke ezi nkqubo.

Phezu kobuso eziphambili zeqela

Ngethiyori, i Party wamaKomanisi yi imfundo lwentando yesininzi: ukususela ngexesha uLenin kwaye de kutshanje akazange ayisekho umanyano umyalelo, kwakungekho iinkokeli olusesikweni. Bekucingelwa ukuba unobhala - nje indawo yobugcisa, kunye namalungu ebhunga lolawulo lesikolo bayalingana. UNobhala Okokuqala Communist Party, okanye mandithi na RCP (b), musani kuba amanani abadumileyo kakhulu. E. Stasova, Sverdlov, N. Krestinsky, Molotov - nangona amagama abo kwi zetyala, kodwa ulwalamano kulawulo ngayo aba bantu abazange babe. Kodwa ke kokufika inkqubo Stalin uye ngendlela eyahlukileyo, "nguyise weentlanga" ikwazile Ekutyunyuzweni onke amandla ngokwabo. Kwabakho indawo ohambelana - uNobhala Jikelele. Kufuneka utshilo okokuba amagama lwenkokheli zombutho yaguquka rhoqo: Jikelele indawo unobhala yokuqala Communist Party, yaye emva koko vice versa. Ngesandla ukukhanya Stalin, kungakhathaliseki isihloko, inkokeli iqela, yaye kwangaxeshanye waba ubuso iphambili kurhulumente.

Emva kokufa phambili 1953 kule post kwakukho Khrushchev no Z Brezhnev, ngoko ngesigxina zexesha elifutshane ahlala uYuri Andropov kunye uKonstantin Chernenko. Inkokeli party sokugqibela uMikhail Gorbachev - kuphela part-time umongameli we-USSR. Ixesha ngalinye kubo ebalulekileyo indlela yaso. Xa abantu abaninzi becinga kukaStalin enguzwilakhe, ngoko Khrushchev wabiza voluntarist kunye Brezhnev - uyise kungekho kukhula. Kwakhona Gorbachev wehla kwimbali njengoko ndoda zonakale kwasekuqaleni, waza ke wangcwatyelwa urhulumente enkulu - eSoviet Union.

isiphelo

History of the CPSU yaba uqeqesho kwizifundo, inyanzelekile kubo bonke iiyunivesithi elizweni, kunye iziganeko eziphambili kuphuhliso kunye nemisebenzi weqela eSoviet Union wayesazi wonke umfundi. Revolution, ngoko ke Civil War, koomatshini collectivization, uloyiso phezu yobuFasi kunye ngokutsha kwemfazwe kweli lizwe. Kwaye ke intombi umhlaba kunye nendawo zokuhamba, ezinkulu-scale zokwakha zonke-union - imbali ye Party ngokusondeleyo edibene kwimbali karhulumente. Kwimeko nganye kubhekwe indima ephezulu ye-CPSU, yaye igama "yobukomanisi" kwakufana kunye ngokuthanda lokwenyaniso umntu onesidima.

Kodwa xa ufunda ngembali iqela ngendlela eyahlukileyo, phakathi kwemigca, ufumana Thriller esibi. Izigidi zinganakwa, abantu abathinjiweyo, iinkampu inqwaba ezopolitiko, kwabulawa undesirables, nokutshutshiswa uso ... Sitsho ukuba umbhali kwephepha ngalinye abamnyama kwimbali eSoviet - i-Central Committee CPSU.

Kwi-USSR wayethanda ukucaphula amazwi Lenin: ". I-Party - ingqondo, imbeko isazela ka nguva yin'wana sethu" Awu! Enyanisweni, i-Party wamaKomanisi akwafunyanwa omnye okanye abanye, okanye wesithathu. Emva 1991 kombuso , lo CPSU kwimisebenzi eRashiya umlomo. Ngaba Russian Communist Party indlalifa-Union? Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuba ukuchaza nezona iingcali.