Duke filipp Orleansky - umzalwana Louis 14: engobomi, usapho, kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Duke filipp Orleansky (umntakwabo uLouis XIV) wayengomnye amanani ixakayo kwimbali yeengcungcu yaseFransi. Njengoko lesibini kumgca ukuya etroneni, wayemela ingxaki enkulu ukumkani, kodwa nkqu Ixesha Fronde kunye izothuso yangaphakathi Monsieur akazange enze ngokuchasene umlawuli osemthethweni. Ukuhlala unyanisekile kule isithsaba, luKhuphiswano lweTshawe neTshawekazi wakhokela uhlobo ubomi. Yena yothuse rhoqo abaphulaphuli, engqongwe yena a lot weenceke, axhasa ubugcisa, yaye, nangona indlela yakhe nezifebe, hlale ngempumelelo kwakhokelela kwiphulo lomkhosi.

King umzalwana

September 21, 1640 at the King of France, Louis III kunye nomfazi wakhe, Anne of Austria wazalelwa unyana wesibini - elizayo filipp Orleansky. Wazalwa kwi yokuhlala e Paris kwihlomela-Saint-Germain-en-Laye. Lo mfana lo umninawa lo kumkani Louis XIV, weza etroneni ngo 1643 emva kokusweleka kukatata wakhe.

Relations phakathi kwabo kwakukho enkulu ngaphandle kokuba indlu yakomkhulu. Xa imbali kukho imizekelo emininzi indlela abazalwana (abantwana umlawuli) bamthiya ngamnye kwaye balwa ndawonye ukuze igunya. Kwakukho imizekelo efanayo eFransi. Umzekelo, kukho ingcamango yokuba inkosi ongamphambi kokugqibela koKuhlala le Valois Charles IX wadliswa omnye wabazalwana bakhe abaselula.

Monsieur

Umgaqo ilifa, apho yindlalifa senior ufumana yonke into kunye nezinye wahlala emthunzini wakhe, waba ubukhulu becala ayinabulungisa. Ngaphandle koku, filipp Orleansky akazange mboni, Louis. Phakathi abazalwana ibisoloko igcine unxibelelwano kamnandi. Le ngokuvumelana yenziwe Bulelani ukuba iinzame unina Anne of Austria, ukuzama ukwenza yonke into kubantwana bakhe bahlala baza kwaziswa kunye umoya lobuhlobo.

Ukongeza, bathi uhlobo lwe uPhillip. Ngokwemvelo ukuba ehanjelwa nogonyamelo, nto leyo ke, ayikwazanga kuhlutha yakhe okulungileyo ubulali. ubomi bam bonke, uFilipu wabamba isihloko "umzalwana kuphela ukumkani" "Monsieur", leyi kandziyisaka indawo yayo ekhethekileyo kuphela lobukhosi elilawulayo, kodwa kulo lonke elo lizwe.

ebuntwaneni

Iindaba ukuba Anna Avstriyskaya wazala inkwenkwe yesibini, eyaye yamkelwa kwinkundla ngomdla. Ingakumbi Ndiyavuya ukuba i-onamandla onke Cardinal Richelieu. Wayesazi ukuba filipp Orleansky - umzalwana Louis 14 - yenye yintsika esemthethweni labalawuli kunye nekamva layo xa kunokwenzeka ukuba Dauphin into eyenzekayo. Ukususela kwasebuntwaneni ekuqaleni amakhwenkwe iletha kunye. Bobabini ke wadlala, zahlolwa ezigcwele, ngenxa yoko bobabini kunye nazo wamtyakatya.

Xa eFransi I zahlasela Fronde. Abathetheli ngaphezu kanye kususwa ngasese kude eParis, walifihla zokuhlala qelele. Filipp Orleansky - umzalwana Louis 14, ngendlela efanayo njengoko Dauphin, wayefumene izinto ezininzi ubunzima kunye nobunzima. Kwafuneka ukuba uzive uloyiko futhi singenamandla phambi iqaqa of zabe. Maxa wambi pranks zobuntwana abazalwana kwakhula nengxabano. Nangona Louis wayemdala, awusoloko uphume winner umlo.

Njengabo bonke abantwana, akaba ingxabano phezu zochuku - macwecwe isidudu, ukwabelana iibhedi kwigumbi entsha, njalo njalo uFilipu ukucaphuka, wayethanda ukuba yothuse abanye, kodwa kwangaxeshanye inophawu ukukhanya ngokukhawuleza ningashukunyiswa nimke ityala ... Kodwa kwelinye icala, Louis akwazi kwahluka yenkani baqumbe elide phezu kwabanye.

Relations ne Mazarin

Isibakala sokuba Philip INkosana Orleans yaba umninawa kakumkani-onamandla onke, wenza ubukho engaphephekiyo iintshaba ezininzi, akathandwa Monsieur. Enye i nto inelona futhe likhulu abachasi bakhe Mazarin. I Cardinal wamiselwa uxanduva kwimfundo ihlwempu wayefunda Louis kunye nomninawa wakhe. Mazarin ayengathandi uFilipu ngenxa yokoyika kwakhe ukuba wakhula ukuba zibe usongo etroneni. Monsieur angaphinda okumiselwe Gaston - umalume wakhe, owathetha nxamnye ukumkani kunye yalo ngamandla.

Mazarin waba oluninzi ngesizathu phezulu ukuba simoyike uphuhliso olo. I-onamandla onke olinene akwazi ukunceda, kodwa phawula indlela umntu entsha bakhula filipp Orleansky. Biography of Duke kwixesha elizayo wabonisa ukuba eyavela ngakumbi yinkokheli mkhosi ekwazi kukhokela umkhosi, ze sizuze uloyiso phezu edabini.

uqeqesho

Ezinye biographers, hayi ngaphandle kwesizathu kwiincwadi zakhe wakhankanya ukuba uPhilippe akwazi ngabom ukuzisa imikhuba abafazi kunye tindhawu leti umdla ubufanasini. Ukuba oku ngokwenene evela yezizathu antsonkothileyo, i Mazarin wayekwazi thembela, okokuqala, ukuba iNkosana kuba intsapho eqhelekileyo kunye indlalifa, okwesibini, isibakala sokuba Monsieur siya kuyidela inkundla. Nangona kunjalo, i Cardinal akuzange kufuneka uthathe inyathelo ezandleni zabo.

Women imikhuba Philippe wawazisa kunina, Anna Avstriyskaya. Uhlobo ethambileyo, unyana wakhe omncinane uyithandile ngaphezulu kakhulu kunokuba nemikhwa ekruqulayo Louis. Anna wayekuthanda ukunxiba umntwana intombi yaye ukuba badlale kunye ngumkhonzazana uzuko. Namhlanje, njengoko wabhekisela filipp Orleansky, oko kudla zabhidaniseka yayizalwa nobizo, kodwa Korol Lui-filipp Orleansky, owayephila kwinkulungwane XIX, kwafuneka ingako yakwenza iNkosana kwenkulungwane XVII. akhuliswe eyahlukileyo ngokumangalisayo. Ukucengceleza umzekelo indlela umzalwana uLouis XIV nga ngokuqhula nsinya corset amanenekazi '.

Umkhonzazana udumo, owayehlala kwinkundla, nayo walithandayo yeqonga, kwaye zisoloko umntwana iindima lihlekisayo ngemise- benzi yakhe. Mhlawumbi la mava owafaka uFilipu umdla kule ndawo. Ngelo xesha linye le nkwenkwe ixesha elide wayeme yedwa. Onke amagunya unina kunye Cardinal Mazarin ndayichitha Louis, ukusuka lowo wenza kukumkani. Yintoni na uphume umninawa wakhe, bonke abanomdla kancinci kakhulu. Yonke into obufunwa nguye - ukuba aphazamise etroneni, ukuba amabango kumandla kwaye hayi ukuba phinda umendo uyisekazi enemvukelo Gaston.

abafazi

Ngowe-1661 wafa lo umninawa ka-Louis XIII , Gaston - iNkosana Orleans. Emva ngokuhamba kwakhe ubomi isihloko wegqitha waya uFilipu. Ngaphambi koko, waye iNkosana Anjou. Kulo nyaka filipp Orleansky watshata noHenrietta Anne Stewart - intombi uCharles I of England.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, umfazi wokuqala, noHenrietta kwafuneka ukutshata uLouis XIV. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lokufikisa lwabo ubukhosi eNgilani yabhukuqwayo, kwaye umtshato kunye intombi Karla Styuarta e Versailles kwakugqalwa lithemba. ngoko abafazi zikhethwa kwisikhundla nodumo labalawuli. Nangona Stewart phantsi Cromwell wahlala ngaphandle isithsaba, le Bourbons yayingazukuba enxulumene nawo. Noko ke, yonke into yatshintsha-1660, xa umzalwana noHenrietta ka-Charles II wabuyela etroneni kayise. Isimo kwabafazi uye waba ngaphezulu, kodwa sele Louis watshata. Emva koko ke inkosazana ufumene isindululo ukutshata umzalwana omncinane kakumkani. Abachasi umtshato ka Cardinal Mazarin, kodwa kaMatshi 9, 1661, wafa, kwaye isithintelo lokugqibela uthethathethwano yanyamalala.

Kanye ngubani owaziyo ukuba yintoni ngokwenene wacinga umfazi elizayo Filippa Orleanskogo nesoka wakhe. Phambi England weva amarhe ezingquzulanayo malunga yinzondelelo Monsieur obathandayo bakhe. Noko ke, noHenrietta watshata naye. Emva komtshato, Louis uHanani umzalwana wakhe Palais-Royal, nto leyo eyaba yokuhlala wesixeko wabalingane. UPhilippe, iNkosana Orleans, ngamazwi akhe, ndandiwuthanda umfazi wakhe, kwiiveki nje ezimbini emva kokuba betshatile. Kwafika ke ubomi, nikhetha bemihla ngemihla, waza wabuyela kwinkampani weenceke zabo - nabalandeli. Umtshato wayengonwabanga. Ngowe-1670, noHenrietta wafa, yaye uFilipu watshata okwesibini. Eli xesha ukukhetha wakhe Elizabeth uCharlotte, intombi Karla Lyudviga - Elector iPalatine. Xa lo mtshato wazalelwa unyana ka-Philip II - Regent elizayo yaseFransi.

abalandeli

Ngenxa imbalelwano alondolozwe mbali umfazi wesibini bakwazi ukuqokelela eninzi ubungqina ubufanasini Duke. Of izithandwa yakhe edumileyo Shevale filipp de Lorraine. Waye ummeli yentsapho omdala yeengcungcu ibe nempembelelo of ebe. Filipp Orleansky, kwaye Chevalier de Lorraine adibana eselula. Kamva ezimbini abafazi, liTshawe neTshawekazi wazama ukucima luthandwa evela enkundleni. Wayenxibe uFilipu nefuthe kakhulu eyayisongela ubomi bentsapho ka yokugqibela. Nangona imigudu noHenrietta Elizabeth Chevalier wahlala esondele iNkosana Orleans.

Ngowe-1670, phantsi kolawulo loo meko wazama ukuba ukumkani. ULouis XIV wenza Chevalier kwi d'odumileyo Ukuba entolongweni. Noko ke, nokuhlala ozithandayo entolongweni elifutshane ixesha elide. Ukubona umzalwana entabeni, Louis uqhela waza wavumela minion kuqala ukuya eRoma, yaye emva koko uye emva kwinkundla umxhasi wakhe. Unxibelelwano phakathi Filippom Orleanskim kunye Filippom De Lorrain yaqhubeka de kufe iNkosana ngo-1701 (ayithanda basinda kuphela konyaka). Xa Louis emngcwabile umninawa wakhe, yena wayalelwa ukuba aqhumisele yonke imbalelwano kaFilipu, esoyika ukwazisa of adventures yakhe yokuphila akuthandeki.

inkokeli

Okokuqala ngqa, uFilipu wazingqina njenge mkhosi ngexesha leMfazwe of ekubumbeni kwiminyaka 1667-1668., Xa France walwa eSpeyin ngenxa yempembelelo eNetherlands. Xa th 1677 wabuyela emkhosini. Emva koko ke imfazwe nxamnye eNetherlands, obulawulwa Vilgelm Iii Oransky. Impixano kusiliwa izimpi ezininzi. EFlanders, Louis abadinga komnye umphathi, njengoko zonke iinkokheli yakhe eqhelekileyo wamajoni sele anazo. Emva koko, kule ndawo, baya uPhilippe d'Orleans 1. Biography Duke ngumzekelo umzalwana othembekileyo enyanisekile, ngaphandle wrangling wenza ngokomyalelo kumkani ngalo mzuzu obalulekileyo xa lizwe usengozini.

Umkhosi phantsi umyalelo lungabanjwa yokuqala uFilipu Cambrai, uze emva koko wayingqinga kwisixeko Saint-Omer. Apha iNkosana wafumanisa ukuba Ypres ukuya kumhlangabeza libutho engundoqo Dutch, eyayikhokelwa nguKumkani Vilgelm Iii Oransky. UFilipu washiya inxalenye encinane yomkhosi wakhe phantsi iindonga zesixeko ongqingiweyo, ngoxa yena waya ganga utshaba. Wemikhosi baxabana kwi Idabi Kassel, Aprili 11, 1677. Duke wakhokela amajoni Centre, nto leyo elihamba. Mabutho ukwakweli emihlubulweni. Impumelelo lo kuqinisekiswa ukuba iiyunithi ukuhlasela dragoon emsinya ezakhokelela umkhosi utshaba baleka.

I-Dutch lahluleka obukhulu. Boyiswa amadoda 8000 babulawa yaye ababuleweyo, yaye omnye 3,000 athathwa banjwa. The French wathimba kwinkampu utshaba, Nebhanile yayo, imipu kunye nezinye izixhobo. Ngenxa uloyiso uFilipu ikwazile ukuba agqibe zokungqinga of St. Omer ndiwuthimbe lo mzi phantsi kolawulo lwabo. Xa imfazwe, kwabakho utshintsho olukhulu. Yaba impumelelo ebalulekileyo yale Duke kwi edabini. Emva uloyiso yakhe wabizwa evela emkhosini. ULouis XIV wayenomona ngokucacileyo yaye boyika uloyiso olunye mzalwana. Nangona ukumkani ngokunzulu wadibana Monsieur kunye esidlangalaleni embulela ngokoyiswa lotshaba, ayisekho wamnika amajoni.

UFiliphu art

Ngenxa ukuzenza filipp Orleansky wawukhumbula bexesha nezizukulwana njenge umxhasi enkulu ubugcisa ngayo ixesha lakhe. Yaba nguye owenza umqambi odumileyo Jean-Baptiste Lully, kwaye nomqeqeshi umbhali Moliere. I nkosana yaba ingqokelela elikhulu imisebenzi yobugcisa nezacholo. Ingakumbi uthando kwakhe yeqonga kunye uvuthondaba.

Zenja filipp INkosana Orleans akuxhomekekanga kuphela wayemthanda zobugcisa, kodwa kamva waba ligorha imisebenzi emininzi. ubuntu bakhe kwatsala iintlobo ngeentlobo ababhali, bemeko- ezomculo, abalawuli njalo njalo .. Ngokomzekelo, omnye imifanekiso ezininzi inkanuko wajika Roland Joffe e ifilimu yakhe "Vatel" 2000. Kulo mfanekiso, luKhuphiswano lweTshawe neTshawekazi uchazwa ukuba ubufanasini evulekileyo kunye nezinye hlaza Conde. Philip Childhood kuboniswe kwenye film - "The King-mntwana", apho iziganeko ezenzeka le Fronde. Ndandingakwazi udlule umfanekiselo iNkosana umbhali idumileyo French - uAleksandr Dyuma. Xa inoveli yakhe "I Vicomte de Bragelonne okanye kwiminyaka elishumi kamva," umbhali wavuma Ukukhululeka amanqaku ngembali. Kule ncwadi, uFilipu - alikho umzalwana kuphela uLouis XIV. Ukongeza yakhe amaphepha inoveli kukho ezimbini kumkani, owaba njwa imaski intsimbi ngenxa bona kwezopolitiko.

kwiminyaka yakutshanje

Ngenxa umtshato uphumelele iintombi ezimbini uFilipu waba ukumkanikazi. nobizo unyana wakhe umsebenzi owahlukileyo emkhosini ebudeni beMfazwe le Years alithoba '. Ngowe-1692 yena inxaxheba Idabi kokungqingwa Namur kunye Stenkerke. Iimpumelelo abantwana baba uyazingca ngokukodwa kaFilipu, ngoko kwiminyaka yakhe yokugqibela iphile ngoxolo nemihlaba yabo aze axhamle izizukulwana.

Kwangaxeshanye, nobudlelwane phakathi luKhuphiswano lweTshawe neTshawekazi umzalwana awasinxitywa uya wayengenamali. NgoJuni 9, 1701, Prince uPhilippe of Orleans wabulawa apoplexy, ndazifumana naye St. Cloud emva impikiswano elide kunye uKumkani malunga isiphelo sonyana wakhe. Louis wazama ngandlela zonke ukuba anciphise umtshana wakhe, esoyika ukukhula kwayo emkhosini. Oku kwakhokelela uFilipu ibe frenzy. Enye ingxabano yaba yingozi kuye. uvalo kakhulu, akavumelanga ngesibetho, lunokubulala.

Umzimba ka M. oneminyaka eli-60 ubudala wangcwatywa izindawo Abbey of Saint-Denis. Engcwabeni baphanga ngexesha French Revolution. Kwinkundla kokufa iNkosana ezininzi isijwili wahliwa owayesakuba uKumkani Marquis de Montespan.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, isiFrentshi ukumkani Louis-filipp Orleansky, owayelawula lizwe ngo-1830-1848 gg. kwaye awayenokumshenxisa revolution, waba wayengowomlibo Monsieur. Dukedom wadlula rhoqo umfundi kumnombo umzalwana uLouis XIV. Louis-Philippe yaba umzukulwana wakhe izizwe ezininzi. Nangona yayingesosaloo olawulayo phambi kokuba isebe le Bourbons, oku akuzange kumthintele ukuba abe ngukumkani ngokusebenzisa ubhedu ngaphandle kwegazi. Louis-filipp Orleansky, nangona igama elifana ukhokho wayo, owayefuna ingako yakwenza naye.