Queen of France Anna Avstriyskaya. Anna Avstriyskaya: biography

Plexus amabali uthando eqaqambileyo, oliqhophololo kunye iimfihlelo kubomi Anne of Austria, umfazi uKumkani French uLouis XIII, ndikubhadulise nanamhla uphefumlela ababhali, amagcisa kunye ziimbongi. Yintoni lulandelayo konke oku kuyinyaniso enyanisweni kukuba, nokuba - fiction?

I-Spanish Infanta Anna Avstriyskaya

Anna UMariya Mauritsiya, Infanta of Spain, wazalwa September 22, 1601 kwisixeko Valladolid. uyise uKumkani eSpeyin kunye Portugal, uPhilip III (of Habsburg). Umama waba ngumfazi wakhe, intombi ka-Austria iTshawe Charles kaMagarita Avstriyskaya.

Anna, kwakunye nodade wabo omncinane, Maria, wakhulela kusemnandi yokuziphatha engqongqo kunye nokugcina ngokungqongqo imithetho yokuziphatha ngqo kwinkundla yakomkhulu Spanish. Imfundo wafumana infante, waba enesidima kakhulu ngexesha layo: yena Iyakwazi kwiziseko ezo lwimi zaseYurophu, izibhalo kunye umnombo wobukhosi bakhe, yena wafunda oyimfakamfele kunye engqungqa. Anna Avstriyskaya, sabhalwa kuqala Mfanekiso kabani xa yena konyaka omnye kuphela ubudala, wakhula intombazana entle kwaye entle, wathembisa ukuba ekugqibeleni kuba ubuhle lokwenyaniso.

okumiselwe inkosazana mfana kokuvalelwa iminyaka yayo yokuqala. Ngowe- 1612, xa phakathi kwe Spain ne France imfazwe ebeza kwaphula ngaphandle nje nilungile, uPhilip III kunye Louis XIII, ngubani ke ngoko kwetrone French, usayine isivumelwano. Infanta of Spain Anna ukuba abe ngumfazi kakumkani French, uLouis XIII kunye nodadewabo Isabella - ukutshata unyana uPhilip Spanish kaThixo, Prince uFilipu. Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, isivumelwano wabulawa.

Queen noKumkani: Anna Avstriyskaya and Louis XIII

Ngowe-1615 elinesine Spanish Infanta weza eFransi. October 18 kwathiwa utshate Louis XIII, ngubani wayemdala umtshakazi nje ezintlanu iintsuku. Ukuze kwetrone State French wangena ukumkanikazi, sithwele igama Anna Avstriyskaya.

Anna ekuqaleni kwabonakala yachukumiseka ngokwenene ukumkani - yaye ubomi bentsapho wathweswa esi sibini ukuba akukho luck. Ngokutsho memoirs ababephila, ukususela uhlobo neqhayiya kwiKumkanikazi akazange ayithande indoda udakumbile kalujaca. Isibini iinyanga emva kokuba betshatile, ubudlelwane phakathi amaqabane ngokuphawulekayo lupholile. Louis umqhathile umfazi wakhe, uAnna, kakhulu, akazange amgcine athembekileyo. Ukongeza, wayenza kakuhle kwinkalo ngamayelenqe, ezama ukubamba nkqubo France proispanskuyu.

Le meko sibi kukuba minyaka imashumi mabini anamithathu kumtshato Louis kunye Anna engenabantwana. Kuphela-1638, iKumkanikazi ekugqibeleni wakwazi kuzala unyana, ikamva uLouis XIV. Iminyaka emibini emva kokuba lo wazalwa umzalwana wakhe - filipp I Orleansky.

"Lo mgaqo-nkqubo uye wenza imbongi ...": Anna Avstriyskaya and Cardinal Richelieu

Malunga uthando engamthandi esihle Cardinal ukumkanikazi enamandla Kukho amavo ezininzi, ezinye zazo yabonakalisa imisebenzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle ezingenamandla ze art.

ngokwenene Eli bali uyaqinisekisa ukuba ukususela kwimihla ngqa lokuhlala eFransi, Anne yakhe yasebukhosini ku-mthetho, uMariya Medichi, leyo ngexesha dofinstva uLouis XIII yaba ibamba, nibethe intombi ibe confessor of Cardinal Richelieu. Woyikekayo yokulahleka amandla xa kuthe Ana uya kukwazi ukuthatha ulawulo umfazi amandla-athandileyo, uMariya Medichi wayebala kwinto yokuba "Red Duke," ethembekile indoda yakhe, uya ingxelo zonke inyathelo kwiKumkanikazi. Noko ke, wawa ukusetyenziswa ngabemi kunye nonyana wakhe waya ekuthinjweni. Intliziyo Cardinal, ngokutsho amarhe, waphumelela ubuhle oselula Anna Avstriyskaya.

Anna, Noko ke, ngokutsho nakumthombo omnye, wenqaba ukuthandana Richelieu. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba idlale indima umahluko obonakalayo ekwaluphaleni (ukumkanikazi wayeneminyaka emashumi mabini anesine, Cardinal - phantse amane). Kwakhona kuyenzeka ukuba wakhulela izithethe zonqulo engqongqo, yokuzithenga ukubona ubuso bakhe indoda ngokomoya. Yiba kwakukho indawo iinjongo zakhe okanye zonke ebilisiweyo phantsi kuphela ukubala kwezopolitiko, mhlawumbi ayaziwa. Noko ke, phakathi ukumkanikazi kunye iincam uvulele kwenzeka ngokuthe ngcembe, ngokusekelwe intiyo ngamayelenqe, nto leyo maxa wambi kubonakaliswa kakhulu ngokuphandle.

Ngexesha ubomi uLouis XIII ngeenxa ukumkanikazi wambumba beqela basebukhosini awanelisekanga ulawulo ngqongqo onke uMphathiswa Lokuqala. Ngamazwi, uKumkani, iqela enyanisweni, swi Austria kunye Spanish Habsburgs - iintshaba Cardinal kwi imeko yezopolitiko. Ukuthatha inxaxheba amayelenqe nxamnye Richelieu ekugqibeleni bumuncu ubudlelwane kakumkani nokumkanikazi - ixesha elide babehlala ngaphandle ngokupheleleyo.

I-Queen kunye iNkosana Buckingham and Anna Avstriyskaya

INkosana Buckingham kunye Anna Avstriyskaya ... Biography Queen ezintle Ikhethwa iintsomi zothando kunye iimfihlakalo, kodwa lo shot kuyinqaba udaba "uthando kwinkulungwane."

Tridatitrohletny handsome eliNgesi Dzhordzh Vilers bafika e-Paris ngo-1625, ukuba umsebenzi ozakuzo - ukuba amalungiselelo umtshato uKumkani uCharles wakhe, kutshanje weza etroneni, kunye nodade wayo Henriette inkosi French. Ngotyelelo iNkosana Buckingham kwi yokuhlala wasebukhosini obulalayo. Ebona Anne of Austria, wachitha ubomi bakhe bezama ukufumana indawo yayo.

Malunga iintlanganiso ezifihlakeleyo iKumkanikazi kunye iNkosana imbali ithe cwaka, kodwa ukuba ukholelwa memoirs ababephila ngexesha labo, ibali lokunqunyanyiswa, njengoko kuchaziwe Aleksandrom Dyuma kwinoveli ongenakufa Musketeers ezintathu, zenzeka ngokoqobo. Noko ke, kwenziwa ngaphandle inxaxheba D'Artagnan - ngokwenene Gascon ezazikho ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka emihlanu kuphela ubudala ...

Nangona ukubuya yomhombiso, ukumkani ukufakwa Richelieu ekugqibeleni baxabana nomfazi wakhe. Queen Anna Avstriyskaya yabekwa yodwa kwi komkhulu, kunye Buckingham namkhanyela ukungena kummandla France. Ngumsindo, iNkosana wafunga ukuba babuyele eParis kunye ngokoyisa uloyiso yasemkhosini. Wayezixhasa ukusuka elwandle amaProtestanti eneenkani inqaba French izibuko iLa Rochelle. Noko ke, umkhosi French ikwazile ukuba alwe uhlaselo lokuqala kunye British ndiwuthimbe lo mzi phantsi zokungqinga. Phakathi ngamalungiselelo uhlaselo lesibini lwezithuthi 1628, Buckingham ebulawa ngo igosa Portsmouth igama Felton. Kuye Kucetyiswa (nangona akangqini) ukuba le ndoda hlola ukuba Cardinal.

Iindaba ukufa kweNkosi Buckingham ndiqhiphuke Anne of Austria. Ukususela ngelo xesha, ephikisana kwakhe Cardinal Richelieu ufikelela incopho yawo kwaye sihlala kude ukufa akwale.

Queen bukhosi. Anna Avstriyskaya and Cardinal Mazarin

Richelieu wafa ngo-1642, emva konyaka, yaye akazange abe ngukumkani. Anna Avstriyskaya wafumana Regency unyana olungephi. IPalamente kunye nezidwangube inkxaso ukumkanikazi ukuwaphatha ukubuyisela amalungelo abo, aphinde ehle Richelieu.

Noko ke, oku akuzange kwenzeke. Anna wamnika intembelo yakhe ezihlangwini Richelieu, Mazarin Italian. Le yokugqibela, ngokuthatha imiyalelo iincam, baqhubeka ikhondo lezopolitiko komanduleli yayo. Emva kokuba umzabalazo engaphakathi nzima kunye Fronde, kunye linani leempumelelo nkqubo angaphandle, yena ngakumbi eyomelezile ukuma abalungiseleli kwinkundla French.

Kukho ingcamango yokuba ukumkanikazi kunye Mazarin ezinxulumene nobuhlobo nje kuphela, kodwa ubudlelwane uthando. Anna Avstriyskaya ngokwakhe, engobomi ukuba iindawo yaziwa ngathi ngamazwi akhe, waphika. Nangona kunjalo, abantu imibongo ngumsindo neziqhulo malunga Cardinal kunye iKumkanikazi baba ethandwa kakhulu.

Emva kokufa Mazarin ngowe-1661, iKumkanikazi wayevakalelwa ukuba unyana wakhe mdala ngokwaneleyo ukuba silawule ilizwe ngokuzimeleyo. Wavumela ngokwakhe ukuphumeza umnqweno elide ikho - ukuba arhoxele woonongendi ye-Val-de-Makube lubabalo, apho wayehlala kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo yobomi bakhe. January 20, 1666 Anne of Austria kusaba. Le mfihlelo eziphambili - kwenzeke ntoni ngakumbi kwimbali ukumkanikazi French: inyaniso okanye lwamabali - kwaye ingayi kutyhilwa ephakadeni ...