Muhammad Ali: ibhayografi emfutshane

Muhammad Ali ngoku eyaziwa bonke nangayiphi na indlela onomdla kwezemidlalo. Ukumkani elizayo wamanqindi wazalelwa eKentucky, eUnited States ngowe-1942 esibi, kodwa akukho kuthetha imilinganiselo abahluphekayo American-Afrika intsapho. Uyise wafunda imiqondiso ukuzoba, kunye nomama wakhe wayesebenza umphathi kumakhaya afumileyo. Eneneni, igama lokwenyani yembaleki elizayo, unikwe kuye ekuzalweni, waba Cassius Clay.

Contemporary biographers zakhe uqaphele ukuba yayitalente izifundo wamanqindi kwi umfana aphuma ebuntwaneni. Into ebalulekileyo watyhalela ukuba Cassius ufika kwiholo yemidlalo, kukho iingxwabangxwaba kwidolophu yakowabo, apho kukho umoya ugonyamelo, ubuhlanga, ucalucalulo nxamnye abantu abamnyama. Malunga nalo ulutsha black ithemba badla simanyene emigulukudu - le ndlela isa ndawo. Xa umfana iminyaka elishumi ubudala kunye nesiganeko esibi. Amandla ukungcungcuthekisayo local kude kuye nje wathenga ibhayisekile. Ukuya kwisikhululo samapolisa, indoda efuna undikho elizayo wadibana ipolisa, benza isaziso injongo yakhe ukubetha kumxhaphazi yakhe. Xa kwenzeka sonwabe, ipolisa, ogama Dzho Martin, waba Umqeqeshi ezemidlalo kunye wamema inkwenkwe egumbini lakhe, apho waqeqesha abanye manqindi abaselula.

Saqala ukuqeqesha ngonaphakade satshintsha ubomi manqindi abatsha. Phezu kwazo nje iingxaki ezibalulekileyo ingqeqesho kwiholo (i Cassius oselula rhoqo balwa kunye neqabane uqeqesho, ebuhlungu oyenzayo ukugxekwa encinane okanye underestimation of amandla ayo), lo mfana waba nzima ukuphucula izakhono zabo. njengomtyibilizi, yaqala yonke imihla, umthambo onzima, ukubambelela kwempambano ukuya yokuphila esempilweni. Kwiinyanga ezimbini emva kokuqalisa iiklasi Cassius ibango uloyiso yakhe yokuqala, leyo yasasazwa kumabonakude zendawo. Kwiminyaka emibini emva koko, ngo-1956, wathabatha tumente yakhe yokuqala - Iziqhano Golden (eyaziwa kule tumente US for manqindi abo basandula kuqalisa). umsebenzi zezilwanyana uqale ukhokela manqindi oselula kwiqela lesizwe US. Kwaye ngo 1960 yena wayesiya Olympics, leyo iimbasa zegolide yayo yokuqala.

Ngelo xesha, lo mfana iwela phantsi kwempembelelo ihlelo yamaSilamsi, "Isizwe Islam", wadibana kunye neenkokheli zayo kwaye uyasihamba mosque, leyo kuguqula kakhulu ubomi bakhe. Kwaye ke inkwenkwezi ukufukuka kwezemidlalo yehlabathi bothuka wonke. Cassius Clay ungena "Isizwe Islam", ngoku igama lakhe Muhammad Ali. Ngoku ke inxulumene nehlabathi Islamic. Hi ndlela leyi, igama elifanayo yenye iinkosana Arab - noRashid Bin Mohammed Al Maktoum. Ezo step boxer oselula kwabangela yokusabela kakhulu. Muhammad Ali, ogama ifoto ehonjiswe yi ngexesha phezu kumaphepha phambi iincwadi zemidlalo, ebeze of World Boxing Association wakhe yintshatsheli isihloko, apho waphumelela kulo nyaka, uloyiso phezu uSonny bezengqondo. Ukongeza, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu abasabela ngayo uluvo loluntu American nehlabathi, koogxa wamanqindi phantsi evenkileni, Ali, kwaye nkqu uyise wathi abameli "Isizwe of Islam" zapudrili ubuchopho unyana wakhe.

Noko ke, ukuba Muhammad Ali wayeza kuba, ukuba zalandela kwingcinezelo yoluntu. Nangona isihloko Ukwayo olo nasekusweleni ubuntshatsheli, yena ngokuzithemba wathi ezona zonke izitha zakhe. Kwaye waqhubeka ilizwi lakhe. Ngowe-1966, i-manqindi liyifumene kumjikelo weshumi izithixo esengumntwana kwakhona unyembo ngoku ubudlelwane kunye ihlelo Islamic Floyd ePatterson. Kwakukho ukulwa epochal ngakumbi umsebenzi manqindi esithi: nokulwa ezintathu Joe Frazier (. Ngowe-1971, 1974 no-1975), kumlo Foreman Sangiorgi (1974) kwaye, ekugqibeleni, isihloko league wokugqibela, nto wayezithethelela Muhammad Ali balwa Leon Spinks (1978).