Abonakale ezeMbali kunye nezopolitiko Alexander 1: Inkcazo kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Kweli nqaku, siya kusondela kwezopolitiko umfanekiso zembali ka-Alexander 1, ngokufutshane, kakade. Imisebenzi koMlawuli Russian zizityebi iindidi izibakala, ngokuba engenangxelo eziya kufuneka ngaphezu kokuba amaphepha kweshumi.

imibono okuqala

Alexander Pavlovich azalwe ngoDisemba 12, 1777. Imfundo ye indlalifa etroneni, wayexakeke kunyokokhulu yakhe uCatherine II. Wacinga ukuba akhule * uKhesare ogqibeleleyo Russia. lo mfana waba utitshala La Harpe amagama Swiss. UKumkanikazi wayemthanda kunye nomzukulwana ibhuqiwe. Uye utshatile ekuseni,-16 ubudala. Kunye nomfazi wakhe, sisidwangube of Baden, wayeneminyaka eli-14 kuphela Nangona imidala wakhe, babehlala kunye, nangona abantwana ababini, ngubani owazala Elizabeth (Louise phambi ubhaptizo), wafa ezelwe.

nokulungiswa iimpazamo

Lo mfanekiso yezopolitiko Alexander 1 kuya kuba epheleleyo imshiye ukuba wayenethemba ukudala uluntu enobuntu ebutsheni bakhe. Waba kufutshane ngokuyeka ingcamango lobuzwilakhe. Ngexesha French Revolution, akazange abone into ephosakeleyo. uyise wabulawa yazibandakanya kwibhotwe ngo 1801. Alexander wayeneminyaka engama-24 kuphela ubudala, kodwa sele wabona ngokucacileyo kwiimpazamo ukuba aphetshwe ukuze ubunzima bebonke isiphelo sinye ezibuhlungu.

qala umsebenzi

Ngoko ke, wanyukela etroneni, yena kuqala wabuyela amalungelo yezikhulu, leyo laphelisa Paul I. ezizezi bavunyelwe ukuba baye phesheya, Ndibaxolele zinganakwa, yena wawuvula iincwadi angaphandle in Russian. Portrait loMlawuli Alexander 1 ukongeza ulwazi ukuba sikhathazeke kuphela malunga asebukhosini, kodwa abaqhelekileyo abantu, abalimi. Ngowe-1803 yena wakhupha umyalelo ngokwendlela apho umlimi ukuba abe umntu simahla, ukuba ahlawulele enkosini yakhe. Kakade ke, ukuba umnini-mhlaba nokumbetha kuyo, lo deal akuyi kwenzeka, kodwa ithuba ukufumana inkululeko wabonakala serfdom. Lo mthetho ngokuba "Ndiwise umthetho ngayo kubalimi simahla." Ebudeni bolawulo Alexander I zaye zaphuhliswa kwaye nezinye schemes apho umlimi ibe yindoda simahla, kodwa awenziwanga. Nangona kunjalo, ngeli xesha abantu abaqhelekileyo, abo banikwa inkululeko yabo, babe nempahla yabo.

akukho lobuzwilakhe

Ebudeni bolawulo Alexander I, ukulungiswa kulawulo loluntu lwenziwa. Emva odolo komlawuli nako kurhoxiswa umzimba wadala ngokukodwa, ekuthiwa icebiso ufunwayo. Le Isidumbu zakonosoveschatelnogo. Le nkqubo ibandakanya abantu abaselula ehlabathini umlawuli kwasebuncinaneni bakhe. Abaninzi abazange iingcamango zabo zimiliselwe. Xa Alexander I wenyuka etroneni, uqalise ukucinga ngendlela ukugcina amandla abo. Wathi ukuba iinguqulelo ecetywayo icebiso kubalulekile, kungakhokelela ekubeni yokuba uya kuphulukana uxinzelelo yalo oluphezulu, amalungu ezo abazange abangayithandiyo. Ilungu iphambili leBhunga waba uMikhail Speransky. Kodwa Umlawuli balumke kwanyanzeleka ukuba ukususa kuye post yakhe, wamthuma ekuthinjweni. Njengoko ukuba ukugxininisa ukuba akazange avume izimvo zakhe, kuquka amalungelo alinganayo wabanumzana, abalimi, noohlohlesakhe abangaphuhlanga, abasebenzi kunye nabakhonzi, inguqu amagunya okuwisa imithetho yolawulo.

Best ke utshaba okulungileyo

Noko ke, ezinye iimbono progressive akwazi ukuqalisa. Umzekelo, igunya zolawulo waba kwikhabinethi. Kuye kwasekwa emva lonke ibhodi kwafakwa zabaphathiswa. Ngelo xesha linye bodwa awohloka ngabafo okufumana imihlaba. Ngoku ilizwe nako ukufumana ubunini zabathengisi bempahla. Kwiziza zabo, baye bathatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yezoqoqosho, kusetyenziswa yabasebenzi eqeshiweyo. Emva Speranskii ezibalulekileyo kwiphondo ndoda Arakcheev. Ngayo, Alexander ndaqalisa ukusebenzisa ingcamango yokuseka zokuhlala zomkhosi. Ephupha, ukusindisa urhulumente ekubeni bagcine i umkhosi. Ke kula zokuhlala ange baphila abantu abazibandakanya kwezolimo kwaye ngokwabo ukutya wamambathisa. Noko ke, amava ayikho kakhulu yimpumelelo. Abantu ayekhalazela ukuba zomkhosi kunye namafama ngexesha elifanayo. Imvukelo Arakcheyev iqine livunyelwe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba abantu baqhanqalazela ezintsha, kodwa ku 1857, xa ububhangisile zokuhlala, kwakukho amajoni 800.000 kuzo.

Kufuneka sifunde

Lo mfanekiso kwimbali Alexander 1, kufuneka wongeze isuntswana imibala eqaqambileyo. Sithetha malunga nohlaziyo imfundo. Ukuba ngokwakhe umntu ofundileyo kakhulu, * uKhesare waqonda ukuba abantu abafundileyo ngakumbi eRashiya, ngcono ngenxa lizwe. Ngoko ke, kule minyaka wobukumkani bakhe, oko kwavula kakhulu kwizikolo eziphakamileyo kunye nakwiikholeji. Neeyunivesithi 5 zavuleka. Russia yahlulwa kwizithili zezikolo, iyileyo waba kwiyunivesithi yalo.

uloyiso wethu

Lo mfanekiso yezopolitiko Alexander 1 kuya kuba njengezingaphelelanga ukuba nithi ukuba ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe, ngowe-1812, imfazwe neFransi. Phantsi kwenkokhelo yoMlawuli, ilizwe lethu unako ukuyoyisa uNapoleon, ukukhusela imida yayo. Ke utshaba womelela kwaye wakwazi ukoyisa lonke elaseYurophu. Bambalwa abantu abaziyo ukuba uNapoleon wacela izandla-udade Alexander I - Anna Pavlovna, kodwa wala. Okunye okunika umdla kukuba Russia kunye France ekuqaleni emanyene. Kodwa akaba akavumelani ngubani oya unempahla ethile mhlaba.

End of yokuphila

imibala belusizi kwi umlando Alexander 1 idibanisa ibali wokufa kwakhe. Wafa baseTaganrog. Ngokutsho kuguqulelo mnye, ukususela yicesina, kwelinye - ukusuka komtshiso oko ebuchotsheni. Oku kwenzeka ngo-1825. Wayeneminyaka eli-48 kuphela ubudala. Le ntshabalalo ehlekisayo kangangokuba abantu benyuka nenguqulo yakhe. Ngokutsho kwakhe, umlawuli wafa, waya ebantwini, wahlala yedwa ndide ndibe mdala. amaxesha Malunga endala Kunokusikhumbuza lwemali nge umzobo Alexander 1, kodwa ngexesha lokudla kwakhe uye Akuvunyelwe zetyeleba profile zabo. Kodwa ngenkulungwane ye-19 kodwa likhuphe ezimbalwa ezinjalo zemali. Xa iyonke bekukho 30 lenza. Namhlanje, enye imali, ebonisa umzobo Alexander 1, exabisa malunga 2 million engange.

ezihlangwini

Kubani lidlulile amandla emva kokufa Alexander I? Wayefuna ukuba emva kokufa kwakhe umlawuli ungumzalwana wakhe, Constantine, kodwa asiyeke. Ngoko ke, ngo-1923, Alexander wabhala Manifesto ngokufihlakeleyo sokuqeshwa umlawuli yesibini umntakwabo - uNicholas. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba oku, akukho mntu wayesazi, Guard kunye Nicholas bazithoba Constantine, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ukuqeshwa soMhlekazi lokugqibela. Noko ke, uluntu ofihlakeleyo Decembrists walungisa mvukelo, ukuze ukuzama ugungxule Nicholas kuthiwa ngokungekho kuyo itrone. Ngelo xesha linye babefuna yokuphelisa serfdom kwaye ukubulala ukumkani, kwakanye bonke kubuphelisa lobuzwilakhe. Noko ke, abazange baphumelele. Kwaye ebukumkanini uNicholas I. Kodwa enye ibali ...