Abantu baseAsia. Iimpawu zommandla we-Asia yangaphandle

I-Asia yinxalenye enkulu yehlabathi emhlabeni wethu. Inani labantu baseAsia libonakaliswe ngokuhlukahluka kohlanga, inqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu lokukhula kunye neyona enkulu kunazo zonke ehlabathini. Iinkcukacha zabahlali bommandla zifumaneka kwinqaku.

Geography

I-Asia yinxalenye enkulu yelizwekazi lase-Eurasia. Phakathi kwazo zonke iindawo zehlabathi libandakanya intsimi enkulu, indawo engama-44.5 yezigidi zeekhilomitha ezili-square. Yona mhlaba ophakamileyo kakhulu okhulayo kwihlabathi, ehlala malunga ne-30% yomhlaba womhlaba.

Intsimi eyintloko iphambi kwe-hemispheres esenyakatho nempuma, ezinye iziqithi zase-Asia zihlala e-southern hemisphere. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, phantse zonke iintlobo zemozulu zisekhona kwingingqi - ukusuka e-equatorial ngasentla kwaye iphele kwi-Arctic ngasentla.

Ukusuka kumantla, empuma nasezantsi e-Asia ihlanjwe yi-Arctic, Pacific kunye ne-Indian Ocean. Amanzi ase-Atlantic Ocean athatha le nxalenye yehlabathi ngezilwandle (Black, Aegean, Marble, Azov) kumzantsi-ntshona. Kwintshona, kunemida yomhlaba kunye neYurophu (kunye neentaba ze-Ural, i-Manych kunye neKume Rivers). Iziqithi ezininzi zifumaneka kumaPacific nase-Indian Ocean.

Ngokusekelwe kwimimandla yomzimba kunye neendawo, ummandla uhlulwe kwiNyakatho, eMpuma, eMzantsi, eNtshona, eMbindi, eMzantsi-mpuma nakwi-South-West Asia. Ngokutsho kwe-UN-ukuya kwiMpuma, kuMbindi, eNtshona, eMzantsi-mpuma nakumazantsi ase-Asia. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye izigaba.

Inani labantu baseAsia lihluke kakhulu kwaye linenombolo yerekhodi. Ngaphakathi kwemida yayo kukho abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi ezahlukeneyo kunye nezizwe.

Imephu yezopolitiko kumazwe aseAsia angaphandle

Kwimithombo emininzi umntu unokufumana ingcamango "yeAsia yangaphandle". Kwavela kumaxesha eSoviet kwaye yaqiniswa ngokuqinile kwi-geography yaseRashiya. Ngoku eli gama lisetyenziselwa ukubhekisa kumazwe aseAsia ayingxenye yeCIS. EMpuma Ekude, kukho imimandla emine: eMzantsi, eMpuma, eMzantsi-West nakwi-South-East Asia.

Imephu yezopolitiko yommandla ishintshile amaxesha amaninzi, ngokuyininzi ngenxa yeemfazwe kunye ne-colonialist seizures. Kwangexesha elide, iJordan, iNdiya, iPakistan, i-Israel, iMyanmar, iSri Lanka namanye amazwe ayelawulwa yiBritani. Imimandla yase-Indochina yayiyiinkoloni zaseFransi, i- Indonesia yayingamaNetherlands, i-Philippines ukuya e-USA, njl. Emva kokuphela kweMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini, inkqubo yokugqithisa i-decolonization yaqala kule ngxenye yehlabathi. Ngo-1984, iBrunei yaba lizwe lokugqibela eliza kukhululwa kwi-colonizer yayo, iGreat Britain.

Okwangoku, ummandla unamazwe angama-39. Uninzi lwamaRiphablikhi (i-China, iSiriya, i-Israel Pakistan, njl.). Kwamazwe angama-13 - inkqubo ye-monarchical. Ngesinye isikhathi, ezintlanu zazo (iBrunei, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, i-United Arab Emirates) ziphela, ezithandathu eziseleyo zi-monarchies zomgaqo-siseko. EBrunei naseSaudi Arabia, umlawuli welizwe naye uyintloko yecawa.

Inani labantu baseAsia: ulwazi jikelele

Abantu abayizigidi ezili-7 bahlala eMhlabeni, kwaye ama-60% abo abahlali baseAsia. Inani labantu baseAsia li-4.2 billion. Ngokomlinganiselo, iNdiya kunye neChina zikhokela. Abemi bawo kuphela bakha i-40% yabantu bonke. I-Indonesia, iiPhilippines, Pakistan, Bangladesh, eJapan zinabantu abaninzi.

Ubungakanani bemihlali baseAsia ngabantu abangama-87. I sikwere esinye. Km. Kakade ke, kumazwe ahlukeneyo, amanani angachahluka kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, eMongolia ngekhilomitha yekhilomitha kukho abantu ababini kuphela, kunye naseSingapore - 7 607. Abantu abaninzi, iSingapore ngowesibili ehlabathini kunye neyokuqala kumazwe aseAsia.

Kwiindawo ezininzi, ezifana neThailand, Korea, Vietnam, eMyanmar, kukho izigidi zabantu abaninzi. Inani labantu baseAsia likhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kwezinye iimeko zitsho nokuba imeko yokuqhutyelwa kwabantu kubonwa. Izinga eliphezulu lokukhula liyabonwa kwi-South-West Asia (iPalestina, Oman, Afghanistan, Jordan). Izalathisi eziphantsi kunazo zonke zihlala eMpuma ye-Asia, ngakumbi i-China kunye neJapan (ngenxa yomgaqo-nkqubo wabantu abasebenzayo).

Uhlanga lwabantu

Inani labantu baseAsia bangaphandle libhekiselele kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Amaqela angamawaka amawaka athetha iilwimi ezingamakhulu amahlanu ezahlukeneyo. Abantu abangaba ngu-107 babala abantu abayizigidi eziliqela. Iintlanga ezininzi zininzi amaTshayina, amaBangalis, amaJapan kunye namaHindustan. Emva kwabo kukho iTelugu, Viet, Panjabis, amaKorea, amaJavan.

Ubuninzi beentlanga ezahlukeneyo lubonakala eNdiya. Izwe linamazwe angaphezu kwama-500 kunye namaqela omthonyama, okwenza kube yiyona nto ininzi kwilizwe laseAsia kuphela, kodwa nakwihlabathi. Ukuhlukahluka ngokobuhlanga kumelelwa kwakhona e-Afghanistan, e-Iraq, ePhilippines, e-Indonesia. Ukwakhiwa kweyunifomu kakhulu kunommandla waseBangladesh neJapan.

Izizwana ezakha abantu baseAsia azikhawulelanga kwimida yombuso omnye. Ngokomzekelo, u-Bengalis uhlala eNdiya naseBangladesh. Iingingqi ezingama-40 zezizwe zaseTshayina zihlala ngamazwe amaninzi ase -Asia-mpuma ye-Asia. AmaKurds akanalo ilizwe lawo, ahlala eSiriya, eTurkey, eIraq.

Inkolo

E-Asia, kwakukho iinkolo ezintathu zehlabathi: ubuBuddha, ubuKristu kunye ne-Islam. Ubemi bezinye iindawo, ezithatha i-Islam, i-20%. Ziyimihlali yabemi beNtshona kunye ne-South-West Asia. Kwamazwe amaninzi, i-Islam iyinkolo kaRhulumente. Inani elikhulu lamaSulumane nawo asePakistan, eIndiya, eBangladesh, e-Indonesia.

Emazantsi, eMpuma nakumazantsi-mpuma kummandla, ubuBuddha kunye namasebe awo zixhaphakile. Abalandeli beli nkolo e-Asia bangama-550 yezigidi. Akunabalandeli abaninzi abangamaKristu kule nxalenye yehlabathi. Uthiwa eSyprus, ePhilippines, eLebhanon nase-Indonesia.

Phakathi kwezinye iinkonzo zesizwe zaseChina zazisasaza iConfucianism, iShinto - eJapan. Iimpendulo zamaHindu zihlala ikakhulu eNdiya, eNepal, eBangladesh. Unqulo oluyinkulu lukaSirayeli lubuYuda.

Isiphelo

Kukho ii-39 ezizimeleyo kwimimandla yase-Asiya. Ngokubhekiselele kubemi kunye nombala, i-Overseas Asia ayikho ngaphantsi kweyiphi imimandla yehlabathi lanamhlanje. Inani labantu baseAsia libetha kwiintlobo ezahlukileyo. Apha baphila amakhulu abantu, elowo luneenkcubeko, ulwimi kunye nenkolo.