Koloni French: imbali emfutshane ubukhosi yobukoloniyali

IFrance elinye lamazwe kuqala ukuphonononga afakele ikoloni amazwekazi ezintsha. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, ezinye French amathanga isekhona namhlanje, nangona kancinci kakhulu.

Ngenkulungwane ye-16 urhulumente waseFransi kwi belingana Portugal neSpeyin, ekuqaleni ukuxhobisa i uhambo ukuya ukufunyanwa kunye ulawulo kumazwe ezingaziwayo. Loo nto inika umdla ixesha emphaya yamakoloniyali kwahlulwa ngezigaba ezibini.

Amathanga French 16-19 leminyaka

Kuba isiqalo kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba inxalenye enkulu nakuMntla Melika ngelo xesha yahlulwa ngamathanga ngamnye into eNgilani kunye neFransi. Ngo 1713, i- emphaya yobukoloniyali yafikelela ubungakanani bayo ubuninzi. Canada, Louisiana, Quebec - zonke amathanga ngaphambili isiFrentshi.

Imbali kuphuhliso amathanga ezintsha kakhulu umdla. Xa inxalenye North America wabizwa ngokuba "New France", kuqala kwafuneka ukuba urhulumente iphila apha.

Ngomhla kwintsimi thanga elandayo ngokuya inani bababingeleli zamaKatolika, ngubani nje bayenza French wafika apha, kodwa luqhutywa ngokubonakalayo ubuKristu nezizwe zamaNdiya. Sele ibhishopu yasekwa ngo-1674 e Quebec, elikhokelwa Fransua De Laval Episkopi. Hi ndlela leyi, naye sidalwe 1663 sobufundisi, nto leyo eye yaba negalelo wokwenene kuphuhliso kwenkqubo yemfundo. Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva isikolo waba Université Laval, owaba liziko lokuqala emfundo ephakamileyo saseNtla Koloni.

Nakuba kunjalo, i-France uKhangelo kwasilela kakhulu kuphuhliso weekoloni IsiNgesi. Kwakungekho izikolo ngenxa yoonyana, ngoko ke, abemi ukufunda nje kuphela kodwa neenkolelo kakhulu. Umsantsa phakathi basebukhosini kunye nabalimi banda kuphela. Ngomhla kwintsimi amathanga ukuba ayisebenzi, akukho amagqwetha okanye abaphandi. Kwakukho nkqu iindlela eziqhelekileyo, udityaniso noqhagamshelo iindawo ezahlukeneyo koloni.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-18 ikoloni French baba omkhulu:

• kwiphondo esemazantsi Quebec namhlanje (ngasendleleni, abemi beli phondo e Canada, yaye kule mini iqwalasela ngokwakhe inxalenye karhulumente French, ukanti nalapha iilwimi zaseburhulumenteni ezimbini);
• indawo kufutshane Hudson Bay;
• ELouisiana (ummandla kulo mmandla lususela Enkulu Lakes to New Orleans);
• New Umhlaba;
• Acadia.

Ngelishwa, ngenxa War iminyaka esixhenxe ' eFransi baphulukana amakoloni aseMelika. Ngowe-1762 ukuba basayine iSivumelwano Paris apho ubukhosi lwekoloniyalizim ukuze bayeke impahla yabo Ohio Valley, phezu kodonga lwempuma yeso Mississippi, kwaye amaphondo eKhanada Nova Scotia. Phantsi amagunya French wahlala New Orleans.

Kwaye kakade ngo 1803 phakathi United States kunye namaxwebhu karhulumente French ngenxa yokuthengiswa Louisiana ziye zasayinwa. Ngoku France iye yayeka ukulawula phezu New Orleans - sisixeko ebalulekileyo enobuqhinga.

Enye ngesibetho ubukhosi yobukoloniyali karhulumente obandezelekileyo kwenkulungwane ye-19. Ngelo xesha, eFransi nayo yabamba iyikoloni Santo Domingo, owona mmandla kwisiqithi Haiti. Ukususela Ngo1791 ukuya kwiminyaka 1803. Sagcina we amakhoboka Afrika. Ngendlela, namhlanje imbali eyaziwa kuphela yemvukelo khoboka yaphela ngoloyiso zabo. Ngenkulungwane ye-19 kusekho abantu yafumana inkululeko, kunye Santo Domingo waba kwiriphabliki yokuqala ikhokelwa abamnyama.

amathanga Modern French

Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, ambalwa eminyaka eyadlulayo, France yabamba imimandla enkulu ehlabathini lonke. Le uhulumeni iindawo abanomdla kuphela ezinkulu, kodwa iziqithi ezincinane, kwakunye nezo ndawo yomhlaba ukuba phantse engafanelekanga ubomi. Ngokomzekelo, kanye fanele ku France iziqithi ezincinane Arctic Antarctica.

Kodwa kule mini wahlala intwana encinane mbuso kanye enkulu lobukoloniyali. French Amasebe Overseas ibekwe French Guiana, ngomhla kwiziqithi Martinique kunye Guadeloupe kunye Reunion.