Kwintsomi njenge uhlobo loncwadi. ifomu intetho intsomi

Nolwazi intsomi yabantu lwenzeka esikolweni. Kulapha ukuba baqalise ukuqonda ukuba okwesihlandlo sokuqala intsingiselo enzulu, ukwenza izigqibo yokuqala ngokufunda ukuzama ukwenza into elungileyo, kodwa akusoloko okwenzekayo. Namhlanje siya kuzama ukujongana nesibakala sokuba oko kukuthi, uze ufumanise ukuba yintoni na uhlobo intetho iintsomi.

Yintoni intsomi

Phambi kokuba wazi ukuba yintoni na uhlobo zentetho zintsomi, siyabona ukuba yintoni na. Kwintsomi ebizwa tale of ubungakanani encinane, ebhalwe ngendlela yayisetyenziselwa. aku- bawo izilwanyana kunye nezinto ezingaphiliyo. Ngamanye amaxesha abo baphambili ke iintsomi kunye nabantu. Ngaba ube ngohlobo lwemibongo, okanye zingabhalwa iprozi.

Intsomi - oko luhlobo intetho? Oku oko sikufundayo kamva, yaye ngoku makhe sithethe malunga nesakhiwo sayo. Yagxekwa iquka iinxalenye ezimbini - ezibalisayo imveliso, kubani ingqalelo icebiso ethile, imithetho okanye izikhokelo, "apha" ebalini. Esi sigqibo ke idla ibekwe kwi imveliso ekupheleni kodwa zidluliselwe ekuqaleni kwayo. Abanye ababhali uwusondeza ngohlobo amazwi sokugqibela abalinganiswa intsomi. Kodwa umfundi uza banokuzama njani ukubona imveliso ibhalwe kwilayini eyahlulweyo, akayi kuba nako ukuyenza, kuba loo nto ngendlela afihlakeleyo, njengokuba kufanelekile ukuba kwenziwe ngokunxulumene iziganeko ngasentla kunye incoko. Ngoko lo mbuzo: "Yintoni intsomi?" - Unga uphendule ukuba lo msebenzi zoncwadi kunye isandi kunye nesiphelo ezifundisayo.

ifomu intetho intsomi

Ukuqhubeka ukuhlola olu hlobo loncwadi, nixubushe umbuzo olandelayo. Yintoni na uhlobo yentsomi yokuthetha? Amaninzi, ababhali zibhekisela imisebenzi zentetho yimizekeliso nje ngqo. Kodwa nazo zifumaneka imisebenzi uhlobo imibongo yayisetyenziselwa, ifom ibali elifutshane. Kodwa ke yazini lo msebenzi, sebali subject bagqiba ukutolikwa yimizekeliso. Qiniseka kukho yokuziphatha, leyo esizishumayelayo azicacanga.

uhlobo olwahluke yentsomi intetho. Umbhali Russian, Kakade ke, lathembela kakhulu umsebenzi langaphambili - Aesop, Phaedrus, La Fontaine. Noko ke, akazange azame ukuxelisa imisebenzi yabo, ukuguqulela kwaye eyakho intsomi yakho yoqobo. Njengomgaqo, wasebenzisa intetho ngqo kunye zokuthetha, ingxoxo yababini.

fabulist odumileyo

Yagxekwa ukuza kuthi bevela namaxesha Greece yamandulo. Ngenxa yoko, siyazi amagama afana Aesop (umbhali omkhulu yamandulo), lo fabulist yesibini ngobukhulu - Phaedrus. Yena waba yimbangi kuphela ezaqanjwa yakhe kodwa zaguqulelwa imisebenzi kunye iinguqulelo Aesopian. ERoma yamandulo, oko kukuthi intsomi, kwakusaziwa Evian kunye Nekkamu. KumaXesha Aphakathi, ukubhala iintsomi kunye nesiphelo ezifundisayo abenza ababhali ezifana Shteyngevel Nick izikhumba, B. Paprocki, Erazm Rotterdamsky kunye nezinye Ababhali abaninzi. Yena yayidume imisebenzi kweli uhlobo kunye imbongi French Zhan Lafonten (ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe).

Intsomi ezincwadini Russian

Kwiinkulungwane 15-16 eRashiya saba impumelelo intsomi, ababevela eMpuma nge Byzantium. Nangona ukuya kweli xesha abafundi sele kwakhiwa uluvo oluthile malunga ukuba. Kungekudala emva koko, abantu sele uqalisile ukufunda imisebenzi Aesop, kwaye ngo-1731 Cantemir baze babhala iintsomi ezintandathu. Noko ke, kule yena waxelisa kakhulu imisebenzi ababhali yamandulo yamaGrike, kodwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo imisebenzi Kantemir Russian.

Chemnitzer, Sumarokov, Trediakovskii Dmitriev wasebenza nzima ukwenza iinguqulelo zabo iintsomi amazwe. Kumaxesha Soviet, ingakumbi ezithandwayo yaba umsebenzi Swisiwana Damian, Mikhalkov, Glibov.

Kodwa fabulist idumileyo Russian yaye uhlala Ivan Andreevich Krylov. Le zebhola umsebenzi wakhe wathatha indawo kwi Ekuveleni kwiinkulungwane elinesibhozo kunye yeshumi elinesithoba. Amaqhawe imisebenzi amaninzi baba izilwanyana kunye nezinto ezingaphiliyo. Benza njengoko banjalo abantu, kodwa ukuziphatha kwabo bamhleka ezimbi nemvelo yabantu. izilwanyana ezininzi zimele naluphi uphawu umlinganiswa. Umzekelo, impungutye ufuzisela ingonyama wengcibi - isibindi, irhanisi - ububhanxa, Owl - ubulumko, umvundla - bubugwala, njalo-njalo. intsomi Original, luli kunye igqibeleleyo iguqulelwe kwiilwimi ezininzi yaseYurophu Asia. Fabulist ngokwakhe wenze igalelo elibalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwetekisi kunye noncwadi xa iyonke eRashiya. Mhlawumbi ngenxa imikrolo wakhe, phakathi kwezinye abantu abadumileyo yena wathatha indawo yakhe kwi lesikhumbuzo "Millennium of Russia" kwisixeko samandulo - Velikiy Novgorod.

Ngamafuphi

Ngoko ke, siye kujongwana nayo into yokuba enjalo intsomi, njengokuba kwathi, baphila kunye nendlela abizwa ngayo bemeko- uhlobo apho. Siye safumanisa ukuba ngoobani fabulists intle kwihlabathi yaye bafunda imisebenzi iimveliso zabo. Kwaye siyazi ukuba isakhiwo sale wobugcisa uncwadi, yaye oko ikufundisayo. Ngoku ke umfundi uyakwazi oko kukuthi, njengeliyalelwe: ". Cutting ingcamango yentsomi" Indlela yokuthetha kunye neempawu zolwimi ezi zenzo akayi kungamohlwayi nabani na akanankathalo.