I-Azerbaijan: ubuninzi bemihlaba, yoluntu kunye noluntu

Yintoni abantu baseAzerbaijan? Ziziphi iintlanga ezihlala kweli lizwe, kwaye bahlala phi ixesha elide? Uya kufumana iimpendulo kule mibuzo kule nqaku.

I-Azerbaijan: abantu kunye nabemi kwiminyaka

Ili lizwe elincinci lisekunxwemeni lolwandle lwaseCaspian, ngqo kumda we-Asia neYurophu, inkcubeko yasempumalanga nentshona. Bangaphi abantu abahlala eAzerbaijan okwangoku? Yaye yintoni i-ethnoses eyenza isakhiwo sayo?

Inani labantu baseAzerbaijan, ngokwemibiko yakutsha ye-UN, inabantu abayizigidi ezili-9.7. Ngokwale nqondiso, ilizwe liqala kuqala kwingingqi yaseTranscaucasia. Ngelo xesha, malunga ne-120-140 lamawaka bahlala kwintsimi yelizwe elingabonakaliyo laseNagorno-Karabakh.

Abemi baseAzerbaijan bafikelela kwi-9 million yeziganeko ezibalulekileyo ngo-2010. Ukuzalwa kommi wezigidi ezilisithoba kwaye kwabhalwa. Oku kwenzeka kwisixeko saseNakhichevan kusasa ngoJanuwari 15 wonyaka.

Njengoko izibalo zibonisa, inani labantu baseAzerbaijan ngaphezu kweminyaka eyikhulu elidlulileyo sele likhule phantse amahlanu. Kwiminyaka engama-25 yokuzimela, ukukhula kwabemi beli lizwe kwakungabantu abayizigidi ezi-2,5, esibonakaliso esiphezulu selizwe laseSoviet. Kucacile ngakumbi, i-dynamics yabemi baseAzerbaijan ichazwe kwishedyuli elandelayo.

Inani lokuzalwa kweli lizwe liphindwe kathathu izinga lokufa. Oku kungachaza ukukhula konyaka kubemi bayo. Nangona kunjalo, umlinganiselo wokuphila ubomi e-Azerbaijan awukho phezulu (iminyaka engama-72). Nangona, kwakhona, kumazwe ase-post aseSoviet - esi sibonakaliso esihle kakhulu.

Abafazi baseAzerbaijan bancinane kunamadoda (50.3%). Ubungakanani bemihlali yelizwe ngabantu abayi-98 kwikhilomitha nganye yekhilomitha yommandla.

Inani labantu baseAzerbaijan kunye nolwakhiwo lwenkolo

Ngokutsho komGaqo-siseko, e-Azerbaijan icawa iyahlukana nekarhulumente kwaye ayinayo impembelelo kwimfundo, kwenkcubeko okanye nayiphi na enye imiba yoluntu.

Ukwakhiwa kwezenkolo zeli lizwe limelelwa ngamaritha ahlukeneyo kunye nokuvuma, indima ebalulekileyo ehlala kuyo i-Islam. I-99% yabemi bathi le nkolo. Kwaye malunga nama-85% abo bangamaSulumane amaShiite.

Ukongezelela, iicawa zezinye iicawa zisebenza ngokukhululekile eAzerbaijan: iesikhungu, amaKatolika, ama-Orthodox kunye namaProthestani. Ubhalisiwe kwaye usebenza kweli lizwe, kwanabahlali baseZoroastrians.

UbuKristu eAzerbaijan abuqhelekanga. Ngoko, kwintsimi yombuso kukho amasonto amathandathu ase-Orthodox namhlanje (isiqingatha sabo sisekuhlaleni). Icawa yamaKatolika kweli lizwe yazalwa kwiXeve yeXIV. Isiganeko esibaluleke kakhulu ebomini bamaKatolika aseAzerbaijani kwakufika eBaku wePapa uJohn Paul III, okwenzeka entwasahlobo ka-2002.

Ukuhlukahluka kohlanga lwabantu baseAzerbaijan

Abameli bamazwe amaninzi kunye namazwe ahlala eAzerbaijan. Ezilishumi zokuqala zazo zilandelayo:

• Azerbaijan (91%);
• Lezgins (2%);
• Ama-Armenia (1.4%);
• AmaRashiya (1.3%);
• I-Talish (1.3%);
• Iintonga (0.6%);
• ITurks (0.4%);
• AmaTatars (0.3%);
• Ama-Ukrainiya (0.2%);
• AbaGeorgia (0.1%).

Ubuninzi obuninzi kwisakhiwo sobuzwe belizwe le-Azerbaijan. Ezi zizwe zilawula kuzo zonke iindawo kunye nezixeko zorhulumente (ngaphandle kweNagorno-Karabakh). Ekuqaleni kwee-1990, isabelo sale nkalo yohlanga kwilizwe lalo lwakhiwo lwabantu landa kakhulu ngenxa yokuhlala kabusha kweAzerbaijan kummandla waseArmenia osondeleyo (ngenxa yongquzulwano lweKarabakh).

Iintlanga ezininzi zeAzerbaijan kunye nendawo yazo

Ngokwezibalo zobutsha, amawaka angama-120 ama-Armenia ahlala eAzerbaijan. Aba bantu baphila ngokuvisisana kwintsimi yaseNagorno-Karabakh - intsimi engaphaya kolawulo lwabaphathi belizwe, kunye nakwiSixeko saseBaku.

Indawo yokuqala yaseRashiya yavela kwintsimi yaseAzerbaijan kwiXesti yeXIX. Ngoku malunga namaRashiya angamakhulu ama-200 ahlala kweli lizwe, nangona kunjalo inani labo linciphisa minyaka yonke (ikakhulu ngenxa yokushiya urhulumente).

I-diaspora yase-Ukraine enkulu kunye neyobukhulu iyenziwe e-Azerbaijan. Ama-Ukrainiya aqala ukufudukela kweli lizwe ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX malunga nokuphuhliswa kwemveliso ye-Azerbaijan. Ngelo xesha, iiPolesi zaqala ukuza kwintsimi yelizwe (ikakhulukazi eBaku). Ukuhlaliswa kwabo kwadibaniswa, okokuqala, kunye ne "oil boom" eAzerbaijan. KuBaku, oonjiniyela abanezakhono kunye nabasebenzi abalula bavela ePoland.

Iidolophu zaseAzerbaijan

Inani labemizi yaseAzerbaijan kuphela ngama-53% ewonke inani labemi balo (ngemilinganiselo yaseYurophu, le ncinane kakhulu). Amadolophu anabantu abangaphezu kwamawaka ama-50 eli lizwe alishumi kuphela. Ukongezelela, i-capital of state - isixeko saseBaku siye sahlukana kakhulu kubo ngenani labantu. Ngeli xesha liphela lizixeko elinabantu abemi kwisigodi.

Iidolophu ezinkulu zaseAzerbaijan: iBaku, Ganja, Sumgait, iMingachevir, iKhirdalan, iNakhichevan, Sheki.

Kwinqununu yelizwe, ngokwezibalo zabantu, namhlanje kukho abantu abayizigidi ezi-2.1. Esi sixeko sahluke kakhulu kuzo zonke iidolophu zase-Azerbaijan. Namhlanje ukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ufumane izakhiwo eziphakamileyo eziphezulu.

Ekugqibeleni ...

Kuze kube namhlanje, abantu abayi-9.7 yezigidi bahlala eAzerbaijan, kwaye abantu beli lizwe basondela ngokukhawuleza kwiimpawu ezigidi ezili-10. Ukubunjwa kobuhlanga beli lizwe kunokohluka. Ukongezelela kubantu basekuhlaleni, apha abameli bezinye iintlanga - iArmenian, iRussia, i-Lezgins, i-Kurds, iTatars, iTurks, i-Ukrainiya, iTalyshs.