150 elihamba Division kunye nembali yayo

Phantse wonke umntu uyazi ukuba isiphumo ukulwa yiSoviet Union kunye iJamani yamaNazi lenyuka ukuya lwesakhiwo le Reichstag Victory Banner. Asinguye wonke umntu uyazi ukuba kulo mcimbi ekhombisa 150 zamabutho Division. Noko ke, oku ngoku wesiNtu baxabane.

ekuqaleni wendlela

References licebisa ngamandla ukuba edidekile ziintlanganiso ezahlukeneyo lokhu. Kubekho abathathu, nakwizibetho zabo ziye zaphuhliswa ngokwahlukileyo.

Icandelo lokuqala yasekwa ekwindla yokuqala 1939, yaye akukho nto yokuqala zobugorha wayengekho kwizenzo zakhe. Umgaqo - ungcolile kakhulu, ngoko, enyanisweni, Churchill zange bacetyiswe ukuba lokuhlolisisa izinto ezifihlakeleyo yakhe "ukupheka." Kwixesha elidlulileyo, phantse zonke lizwe iphepha, apho siyaqondakala ke neqhayiya. Iqulethe kubo, ngelishwa, yaye imbali 150 zamabutho Division, abanenxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo ulwahlulo wasePoland ngo-1939.

Namhlanje eyitwabulule a iingxoxo emininzi malunga Second World War kunye nabenzi yayo. Abanye badla demonize eSoviet Union, embiza nesandla of Hitler. iingxoxo eliphilileyo ngeenxa ekuthiwa-elandelwayo ngokufihlakeleyo kwi "Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact". Inyani enzima yeyokuba imbali akayi kunixolela imo kuphela omnye - ubuthathaka.

luck ngcono kwixesha elizayo

EPoland woyiswa wazahlula, eSoviet Union kunye ku Germany asayina isivumelwano "Xa Ubuhlobo umda urhulumente." USSR wongezelela abemi phantse zizigidi 13 amatsha (hayi bonke kubo, Kakade ke, bavuya yile), kwaye 150 zamabutho Division yaba yintlanganiso yokuqala soyise obude ezintsha. Yena bathatha inxaxheba Finnish kunye nephulo Bessarabian, yaye emva kokuqalisa Second World War wangena empini kunye namahlakani singanyangekiyo izolo yakhe.

Iminyaka yokuqala IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic baba nzima kakhulu kwaye nolusizi wenza ukuba abantu Soviet. umkhosi Red bahlulwa emva boyisiwe, ilahleko baba omkhulu, ukuziphatha impi isoloko engathethekiyo. Ngexesha lephulo omzimba, phantse ujoyine ekulweni, ubunzima ilahleko enzima, 150 zamabutho Division - nokubunjwa kwayo kuncitshiswa phantse yesithathu ngaphantsi kweenyanga ezimbini. Ekupheleni kukaJuni 1942 yaphela (apheliswe njengoko oswelekileyo).

Nxi ezalandela

Emva kwenyanga waqalisa ukwenza ukwakhiwa entsha kwiCandelo 150. Ithamsanqa lakhe ngempumelelo ngakumbi; yena inxaxheba amadabi yimpumelelo isixeko White, yakhulula Enkulu Luke Loknya. Ngo-Apreli 1943, oko enokulungiswa kwi-22-th Guards Rifle Division.

Ekugqibeleni, ngoSeptemba 43 okwesihlandlo sesithathu evuselela elihamba Division 150, ukulwa indlela leyo yaphela eluphahleni Reichstag. YOBOMI njengesiseko okuyilwa 151 zamabutho Brigade, bathatha inxaxheba iimfazwe kweMfazwe Yehlabathi Second ngo-1942, phantsi ngokomlomo ngoko-Major Z Vasilyevich Yakovlev.

Ixhume kwaba sekusondele. Isakhiwo iquka ithathele nomkhosi ezine, zokudubula kunye anti-netanki ithathele, ukuba ithathele ka Scouts, udaka, combat iinjineli, signalers. Brigade walwa nayo ngempumelelo, ngokwenene, omnye woogqirha regimental Ginzburg ukhumbula ukuba ngexesha aphume ka Staraya Russa ilahleko baba kakhulu. Ukususela 674 webutho, apho wakhonza, abantu 50-60 kuphela eseleyo. AmaJamani yazinziswa phezu kwentaba, kwafuneka ukuba kuphuma esemazantsi mgxobhozo, apho nkqu ubuchule sinokunceda amajoni eSoviet. Imizekelo enjalo ukhethe isicwangciso ngexesha Second World War, ngelishwa, lukhulu. Ingoma yoloyiso, ezibe amazwi ukuba ahlawule ixabiso, Okudzhava wabhala kuphela ngo-1970, kodwa kubonakala ukuba ezinye alwayo ngqwayi wabona kudala phambi koko ngenxa yesizathu esithile, wabonwa njengesikhokelo amanyathelo.

Indlela eya empumelelweni

Ngexesha ukubunjwa 150 division umpu, ngaphandle kokuba sele kukhankanyiwe 151st zokuphelisa isakhiwo nokuba 127 kunye 144th zokucima. Khetha kwenzeka kwizikhundla ezifanelekileyo, ngaphandle ukususwa ubume ukuya ngasemva. Ngoko nangoko emva kokumiselwa ajoyina Rifle 79th ngokugcina 22 Umkhosi 2nd Baltic ngaphambili. Yakovlev wathabatha umyalelo we-hlula, ngalo eli xesha, Colonel.

Ukususela ngo-1943, ikhondo kwemfazwe, njengoko bathi, wayaphula. Ixabiso Idabi Stalingrad kunye imisebenzi ye Kursk, kubonakala ngathi, zibalulekile. Ngamanye amaxesha ukwahlukana kwenzeka ngomhla we-40 km ukuya eMpuma. Uyile kuhlaselwa ngokukhawuleza kwi amaNazi. Kuba iphulo ngempumelelo ukuze kukhululwe lomzi Idritsa ezimbaxa wafumana ilungelo lokuba sibizwe ngokuba "150 Idritsa elihamba Division," kodwa angehli kufuphi Lake Voshvanzee wawongwa Order of Kutuzov Degree II.

Ngexesha ekulweni, oko kuqala ababekolo-2, yaye ngoko, ekupheleni kwemfazwe - Front 1 Belorussian, ukuhlala phakathi iikhompawundi ze-3 Shock Army, lo msebenzi ulupwa yaba ukwalathisa kokuba kuthinjwe Berlin.

Nenguqulelo esemthethweni yelogo ye iziganeko

April 16 '45 kwimicimbi yezobupolitika 3rd Army bahlanganisana kuloo ntlanganiso, apho (yintsikelelo lwabalawuli abaphezulu), kwagqitywa ukuba ukoyiswa yokugqibela zwilakhe Reich wayeza uthwebula Reichstag - njengomfuziselo a Germany emanyeneyo.

Kungekudala emva koko, ngomhla we-19 kwinyanga enye, onke amaqela umkhosi kwasasazwa izibhengezo 9 athungwe ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukususela calico eqhelekileyo yenzelwe bayitwabulula iseyilana kuphahla esi sakhiwo.

Ekuqaleni, wayotywa yi uloyiso amajoni Soviet ekhathalele omncinane malunga ngubani kanye uya ayivathise lwesakhiwo lepalamente yaseJamani, kodwa kamva ukuba ucinge ngalo mbuzo.

Nenguqulelo esemthethweni yelogo ye iziganeko lwanikelwa ekuqaleni kukaJuni, iye yalungisa neSebe layo zezopolitiko ye-3 Army. Ngokutsho kuyo, iflegi 150 Ukubetha Rifle Division watshintshelwa kwithala 756 nomkhosi phantsi Captain Neustroeva.

Iinzame ukufumana inyaniso

La majoni ngenkani ukwahlulwa kwabantu esibi waza wasithimba ngezinyuko grand. Emva koko elinye Kantariya, i-Red Yegorov kunye Berest igosa lezopolitiko waya eluphahleni, Ukubetha indlela yakho nge eluhlwini, izongamele iflegi ebomvu iglasi-eyakhiwe. Oku kwenzeka ngeeyure ezimbini nemizuzu engamashumi amabini anesihlanu emva kwemini, kwaye sele ngentsimbi yesithathu sakhiwo esandula wasiwa umphathi - Captain Neustroev.

Abaphandi ezininzi, amaxwebhu kunye memoirs ingxelo ukuba enombhalo inguqulelo iziganeko bengenanto yakwenza ubunyani, 150 Idritsa elihamba ICandelo laqalisa uluntu elahlekisayo, nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka yintiyo.

Kukho izimvo ezahlukeneyo malunga ngubani kuqala yaphakamisa iflegi phezu Reichstag (kwaye oko kwaba iflegi, kakhulu). Kukho ubungqina, njengoko apho umyalelo weqokobhe wakhawuleza waya ingxelo ukuba uphawu ngamaNazi eJamani athathwe ngempumelelo - yiyo ulwazi ezahlukeneyo malunga kokuvela ixesha iflegi.

Attack kunye nabammeli

Version kuye kwabangela kangaka ezininzi ukufumana oyinyaniso kuphela yinto engenakwenzeka.

Ukuba asigungqi ulandelelwano lweziganeko, idabi for Berlin yaqala phakathi ku-Apreli. Ekupheleni kwale nyanga, amajoni eSoviet ukuya kwinqaba iShushan engundoqo uHitler - i Reichstag. Ifunyanwa ngokwemiqathango zokhuselo, waba yimpumelelo gqitha, kuba enamacala amathathu singqongwe ngamanzi - i esibi umlambo, m-25 ububanzi. Bridge emva kokuba ukuhlasela omnye kuphela wasinda, izisele anti-itanki kunye ndawo yaba emngxunyeni omkhulu. Berlin komhlaba kwana.

Kwicala yesine isakhiwo waziphendulela izakhiwo kakuhle anqatyisiweyo, kuquka iSebe Interior, yaba enqabeni yokwenene. Zonke iindlela i Reichstag Cert elungileyo - yaba unobangela yesaqhwithi elide kunye nelahleko enkulu ubunzima yi-150 zamabutho Division, kunye nezinye kusitsha. AmaNazi walwa isilwanyana kakhulu ngoncwino longxwelerhiweyo, ziyasokola inyathelo ngalinye, umgangatho igumbi.

Iflegi lokuqala

Ilinge zokubetha yokuqala zixinge, kwagqitywa ekubeni ukulinda nobumnyama - ize ngequbuliso loo myalelo 150 zamabutho Division kwimizuzu 25 ka-Aprili 30 yesithathu kwasondeza etha ukuba Reichstag kuthathwe kwaye bakuwufunqula iflegi oluBomvu. Kwi-USSR walawula ugcobe, kodwa kusekwangoko kakhulu nemihlali. Yintoni isizathu sokuba ingxelo ucaphula bengaziwa. Kukho uguqulelo ezisahlula amadoda wakwazi ukuba atyhudise, abheke ekwakheni nokuba ukubeka ezinye amalaphu anomyalezo ezindongeni ngamajoni nangoku lwela inqaba.

Namhlanje phantse zonke onesidanga kwisikolo samabanga aphezulu (ukuba wafunda, kunjalo) uyazi ukuba kuqala wabonakala ibhanile phezu Reichstag 150 zamabutho Division, nto leyo amaqhawe odumileyo zabe ngaphezu kwawo ye lepalamente yaseJamani. Okwangoku, kukho ubungqina, njengoko amajoni zikhankanywe akhwela eluphahleni, yaba iflegi sele apho, wayivusa bantu ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo.

abagqatswa ezininzi bhaso

Kwindibano Reichstag waba pediment ezimbini: lowo ndanxiba Umfanekiso we isithixokazi yoloyiso (Nike ezinamaphiko). Ngentla yesibini ihashe oqingqiweyo ahombise uMlawuli William, bazisa a abalinganiswa iflegi ephakanyiswe senditshilo. Kodwa Kwathi emva ebusuku, ngentsimbi yesithathu, xa isakhiwo eso kuthinjwa, kunye iflegi ebomvu iye fluttered phezu eBerlin yaye kwelinye icala, kufutshane nomfanekiso Nike.

Amaxwebhu asemthethweni bathi Meyi 1 (kulandele isiqinisekiso ka-2, 3 no-6) ngokuba imbasa emva feat sele thaca umthetheli Mac kunye neqela layo: mlilo Minin, beaver, kunye Zagitov Lisimenko.

Yintoni unobangela sikweni, akucaci. Oku ngenene ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba avume ingxelo ucaphula echaza ukuba iflegi 150 zamabutho Division ukusukela kwisiqingatha ngomhla wesithathu eziphaphazelayo phezu ikomkhulu kotshaba boyisiwe.

Le mbasa ifumene liqhawe, kodwa hayi zonke

Ubunkokheli Soviet wathabatha unyaka ukuba ukohlwaya umvuzo elimsulwa uvula zibhuqe. 8 kuphela Meyi 1946 wakhupha umthetho yokunikwa isihloko 'Hero eSoviet Union "abo indwe Banner of Uloyiso phezu iPalamente German eBerlin.

Ngaphandle kokuba sele kukhankanywe Neustroeva, Kantaria kunye Egorov, amabhaso anikwa Davidov kunye Samsonov - umphathi nomkhosi abaxhasa zihlasele nelisemihlubulweni. Ixolo Birch, ngokutsho kwezinye mbali, uluhlu obemiswe phezu elikwinqanaba Marshal of Ukoyisa wasinga (unobangela - isici kwigosa lezopolitiko).

Njani eyinyaniso yile, uluntu jikelele soze wazi.

Anezikhalazo kwitumente ekunene

iingxoxo bungwanyalala nangoku. Ngokutsho 2007 ukufundisisa Russian Institute of History Military, ngowokuqala ukuphakamisa iflegi obomvu phezu umlinganiswa yaseJamani yaba Rakhimzhan Koshkarbaev kunye uGregory Bulatov, naye akazange ukufumana umvuzo olulifaneleyo.

Walikhumbula uPetros ke Pyatnitskiy zesiqhelo kunye neflegi ezandleni zakhe waqhutywa ezitepsini, kodwa yena kuqala walimala ke abulawe. Isibhengezo ezandleni zakhe yambamba nobizo lwakhe - Ndingumhlali wase kummandla Zaporozhye Peter Shcherbina yanamathela isimiso selitye lepalamente yaseJamani. Kwiminyaka emininzi emva kwemfazwe, nabazukulwana bakhe wawalwela isihloko Kubala kayihlomkhulu umsebenzi "Hero eSoviet Union."

Enyanisweni, ayikho na ingqiqo ukuphika ngubani waba ngowokuqala - amajoni 150 zamabutho Division, okanye abameli namanye amaqela.

iphumelele zonke

Abathathi-nxaxheba yesiganeko ukhumbula ukuba phambi kokuba isaqhwithi phantse wonke umntu wazama ukufumana ibhanile, iflegi okanye ipali. Kule khosi baya zonke ezithiywe imibala: amakhethini, kumanzi, amaqhekeza zelaphu. Ngoko nangoko emva kokuba kuhlaselwa, Reichstag ihonjiswe ezingaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu panels umbala igazi, aqingqa nguwuphi na kubo beza kuqala kwabo bonke, oko akwenzeki.

Kamva, xa amaJamani ephele kwabeka emva kulwakhiwo lepalamente yaseJamani ikhawuleze isihlwele abafuna ukubhala phezu kweendonga wohlobo abanye "abadala oluvakalisa iqhawe Z Bykov kwi edumileyo film" yiya kulwa ":" emanxuweni Reichstag yanelisekile ".

Abaninzi izithombe kwisiqalo zinokuhonjiswa iindwe iindonga gables, waza wafuna la mabhaso. Yaba bonke. Kaloku, sele kudlule ixesha. Nabani wavusa Ukoyisa Banner phezu Reichstag uThixo amajukujuku, 150 zamabutho Division of Order of Kutuzov, ngokuqinisekileyo sifanele ukuba igama laso kwathiwa kwi njengomfuziselo ekupheleni kwemfazwe kakhulu bamagazi zenkohlakalo kwimbali yoluntu.