Ziziphi iifowuni?

Kungekudala okanye kamva, nawuphi na umntu ofundayo wamhlanje uhlangana nombuzo othi "Ziyiphi iifowuni?" Kutheni? Eyokuqala, ezo zenzululwazi ezifana nefowuni kunye neefowuni zifundwa ngokubanzi kwizikolo zemfundo jikelele (ngokujulile-kwizikolo ezizodwa), kuba zingaphakathi kweendonga zamaziko emfundo apho abafundi bafundiswa ngokuchaneka kwezandi.

Okwesibini, akuqhelekanga kumbuzo othi "Ziyintoni iifowuni ngokubanzi?" Siyacela ootitshala, besanda kubhalisela izifundo eziqhelekileyo zelwimi namhlanje.

Ndiza kuzama ukuphendula lo mbuzo ngokubanzi, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo ngendlela elula kwaye eqondakalayo. Ukuze kube lula, eli nqaku liya kwahlulwa libe ngamalungu amaninzi.

1. Ifowuni kunye neefowuni - iinqununu zeelwimi zanamhlanje

Kwiilwimi zanamhlanje, uhlangothi oluvakalayo lolwimi ludlalwa kwiinkalo ezibini eziphambili: i-acoustic-articular (ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga yeefostiki) kwaye isebenzayo (ukusuka kwinqanaba lembono). Iyunithi yefowuni ifanelekile, i-phonology - iphoneme.

Imbonakalo yefowuni igxininisa ukuhlolisiswa kwezandi ezivela kwindawo yokubamba iqhosha, Uphendule umbuzo ngokuchanekileyo ukuba zenziwa njani izandi kunye nokuba izitho zentetho zithetha njani ngexesha lokuthetha.

Izandi zentetho , izazinzulu zesayensi zichaza njengeeyunithi ezincinci zolonxibelelwano lwentetho, ezona ziphumo zelungelo lomsebenzi oluxubileyo. Ziyakwazi ukubonakaliswa ngento ethile yomculo kunye neengqiqo (ezinxulumene nombono wokuthetha) iipropati. Icandelo le-phonological lifunda icandelo leelwimi le-phoneme ngokwayo kwaye lichonga ukuba yintoni umsebenzi owenzayo kwinkqubo yokunxibelelana.

2. Ziziphi iifowuni? Amacandelo aPhambili eSayensi

Ifowntics yenzululwazi ephonononga uhlangothi oluvakalayo lolwimi. Kodwa oku akuyona nje imfundiso yezandi, njengoko kukholelwa ngokuqhelekileyo. I-Phonetics iphinda iqwalasele i-intonation, i-accent, i-syllables kunye ne-pauses. Kodwa isihloko esiphezulu sophando sisona sisandi esivezwa ngumntu, iindlela zokubunjwa kunye nezakhiwo ze-acoustic, imithetho yeenguqu zomsindo, kunye nendima yezandi kwiilwimi njengendlela yokunxibelelana.

Iinqununu ezisisiseko zefowuni, ezikhethiweyo kwiintetho ezivakalayo, zibizwa ngokuba yi-linear (inxalenye). Ezi ziquka:

• Isandi;
• Syllable;
• Ingqiqo;
• Igama leFonetiki;
• Inkcazo.

Kodwa kukho iindawo ezingaphezulu: uxinzelelo, ikhefu, intonation. Benza intetho esele isandileyo, inceda ukwenza kube lula ngakumbi.

3. Ifowuni kunye ne-orthoepy

Ngaphantsi kwe-orthoepia, umntu kufuneka aqonde imigaqo yemigaqo yentetho yomlomo, yemithetho ekhethekileyo esetyenziswayo xa kungekhona nje izandi ezithethiweyo, kodwa kunye nokudibanisa kwazo. Isayensi nayo ichaphazela iipatheni ekuqulunqweni koxinzelelo.

Isiqhelo se-Orthopic sisichasiselo sokubiza, esinokwenzeka kuphela kweli gama. Ihambelana nenkqubo yokubhaliweyo kunye nemithetho engundoqo yokuphuhliswa kolwimi oluthile.

Iimpawu ze-Orthopic ziquka inkqubo yefowuniki yeelwimi, oko kukuthi ukubunjwa kweefonimes ezahlukileyo ngolwimi lwangoku, ubunjani babo kunye neenguqu ezenzeka kwiindawo ezithile zefowuni. I-Orthopy ikwagubungela ukubizwa kwamagama ngegrama.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba le nzululwazi ayifuni, umzekelo, into ebalulekileyo yenkulumo yentetho njengengcaciso. Abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba, umzekelo, ukubetha kunye neekartism nazo zihlukeneyo ngamagatsha eelwimi. Oku kukukhohlisa. Iingxaki zesicatshulwa ziphathwa ngonyango. Kutheni? Ngenxa yokuba uqobo umntu unokukwazi ukufumana intsingiselo ecacileyo, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo akanalo nhlobo ukubiza amagama.

Ndicinga ukuba ndiyakwazi ukuphendula umbuzo owawuqala ekuqaleni kwinqaku, yintoni i-phonetics, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo ndakwazi ukuchaza kwaye ndibonise kubafundi ukuba umntu akakwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kolwazi lolwimi. Ngaphandle kwayo, naluphina uphuhliso loluntu, ubugcisa, iteknoloji kunye nesayensi ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kumisa. Ukukwazi ukubonisa iingcamango ngendlela engafanelekanga, ngokuchanekileyo nangokucacileyo akunikezelwa ngendalo, ubuchule obufunyenweyo obufanele bufunde ixesha elide, ngokubekezela nangokuqhubekayo. Ukufunda ulwimi kunceda abo bafuna ukubhala nokuthetha bhetele, kuba ukuze kubonakalise iingcinga, kubalulekile ukuba bakwazi ukufumana amagama afanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.