Umda ongapheliyo: Intsingiselo yeFraseology, Ukuchazwa kunye nencazelo

Iifraseologisms ziluhlu olukhethekileyo lweelwimi olusinceda sakha intetho yethu. Ukuhlanganiswa okuzinzileyo kwamagama, okwakhiwa ngamacandelo ebhaliwe, ngolwimi lwesiRashiya kukho malunga namashumi amabini amawaka. Zivumela ukucaca okucacileyo, okucamngcayo kunye nolwazi oluninzi lweengcamango, iingcamango kunye neziganeko ebomini. La mazwi ahlala ekhona, kwaye emva kokuba iingcali zenzululwazi ziphendule, ziqala ukufundisisa ubunjani babo ubunzulu. Ngoko kwakukho icandelo elitsha ngokupheleleyo lezesayensi.

Kwinqaku lethu siza kuthetha ngegama elithi "ummandla ongapheliyo". Intsingiselo yegamali ayiqondwa ngumntu wonke, ngoko siya kuhlala ngokucacileyo ekuchazeni eli binzana.

Ukucamngca kobuqu bomoya babantu kwi-phraseology

Ngaphambi kokutyhila intsingiselo kunye nokutolika kwegama elithi "akukho siphelo", ndingathanda ukucacisa ngolu hlobo lobunzima bamaqela aseRussia. Kutheni zifunekayo nakwiintetho zethu? Njengoko sele sichazwe ngentla, bahobisa intetho yethu baze basenze sikwazi ukuvakalisa iingcamango zethu ngokupheleleyo nangokuchanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, oku akukuphela kwexabiso leenqununu zomhlathi. Ngoncedo lwabo esinokukwazi ukungenelela ngakumbi kwimbali yethu, siqonde umlingiswa nomoya wabantu baseRussia. Kulo hlobo lokuhlanganiswa kwegama, ulwahlulo lwentsebenziswano yabantu kunye neengcamango eziqhelekileyo zobomi zityhilwa. "Phuma kwesikhumba", "ukukhanya emini", "ubaleke", "uphume emanzini", "ubalekele", "uhlalutye intliziyo yakho", "akukho siphelo" - intsingiselo yesigcawu ngasinye kwishumi kunye neenkulungwane ezifanayo Amagqabantshintshi azinzileyo anokuvumela ukucacisa isimo sengqondo sabanye kubantu okanye kwesinye isenzo sabantu, iimeko zobomi kunye neziganeko. Ezi binzana ziqokelela ngokwazo amava atyebileyo kwimbali yethu, izakhono zabasebenzi, uthando lwezilwanyana kunye nolwimi lwasekhaya, ezinye iimpawu zokuziphatha zabantu baseRussia.

Iinqununu zezibhengezo zizalwe njani?

Imbali yokuvela kwamacandelo anesiqendu iyona ehluke kakhulu. Amanye amabinzana eza kuthiwa evela kwiinganekwane, iingoma, iingoma, izazi kunye nemifanekiso. Umzekelo: "imilambo yobisi", "udidi olungileyo", njl. Ezinye zezibini ezizinzile zidibene nenkulumo yolwazi. Umzekelo wale nkulumo "ukuphuma kwinqanaba". Njengoko kunokubonwa kumagama asemthethweni, inzuzo ithathwa kwintetho yabaculi. Okanye "iyure i-teaspoonful" - eli binzana liye laphuma kwizonyango. Kwakhona, amabinzana amaphiko avela kwinkqubo yokuboleka. Ngokomzekelo, inxalenye yamacandelo ezinkcazo ziboleka eBhayibhileni, umzekelo: "UTomas ongakholwayo", "unyana olahlekileyo", njl njl. Kuninzi ukuhlanganiswa kwegama kwavela kwiimbali zamandulo yaseRoma naseGrisi yamandulo. Lawa onke amabinzana aziwayo: "Achilles isithende", "Umsebenzi we-Sisyphean", "i-Augean stables", njl. Ezinye izimvo zibolekwe kwimisebenzi yee-classic zehlabathi, umzekelo "ukuba okanye kungekhona." Eli binzana lithathwe kwintlekele yeW. W. Shakespeare ebizwa ngokuba yi "Hamlet".

Nomaphi apho imvelaphi yeeyunithi zeziqendu zivela kuyo, zomelela ingqalelo kwiingqondo zethu kwaye zisetyenziswa kwiintetho.

"Umhlaba ongaqondakaliyo": intsingiselo yegamali

Ekugqibeleni safika kwisihloko sendaba yethu. Kuthetha ukuthini igama elithi "akukho siphelo"? Intsingiselo yegama-magama yile ndlela ilandelayo: akukho siphelo somsebenzi omkhulu ongazange uqalise konke, okanye, nangona ivolumu esele iqhutywe kakuhle, kusekude kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo bathetha oku, xa befuna ukugxininisa ukuba kunomsebenzi onzima ngaphambili, oya kuthatha ixesha elide, kwaye kuya kufuneka sisebenzise uninzi lomzamo wenyama okanye wengqondo.

"Umhlaba ongapheliyo" (intsingiselo yegama elithi) kwigama lingabonakaliswa ngokuthi "ininzi". Umbala weemvakalelo zeli binzana likhanya kakhulu. Ukubiza umnqamle ongathandwanga, abantu babefuna ukugxininisa umlinganiselo womsebenzi ozayo. Njengoko ilizwi lisithi: "kuyisiqalo esibi," oko kukuthi, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqala, ukuhla ukuya kwinto ethile, kwaye iya kuhamba yodwa. Kwigama elithi phraseology, akusiyo ize ukuba intsingiselo ye "akukho-show" isetyenziswe. I-Phraseology igxininisa ukuba phambili komsebenzi mkhulu kangangokuba nangona umntu sele sele uqalile ukufeza umsebenzi, ke umthamo wayo opheleleyo ngokubhekiselele kwento eyenziwe yinto engabalulekanga ukuba ayinakubalwa.

I-Phraseologicalism "ayikho isiphelo" isetyenziswe nakwiintsingiselo: ukugqithisa, ubuninzi okanye ukungafumaneki nto into ethile.

Yiyiphi umda ongapheliyo

Ukuphela kukuphela kwintsimi, engakaqali ukulima, ukuhlwayela okanye ukuvuna. Nangona kunjalo, igama elithi "akukho siphelo" lisetyenzisiweyo, eqinisweni, kungekhona nje ngomsebenzi wentsimi. Injongo yalo ifikelela kuyo yonke imisebenzi okanye nayiphi na into. Eli binzana lingasetyenziselwa phantse nayiphi na indawo apho ihambelana nomlinganiselo walo: ingaba yinto ethile yomsebenzi onoxanduva emsebenzini okanye kwindlu yabendlu. Eli binzana ligxininisa into yokuba kuninzi umsebenzi omele wenziwe kwaye umsebenzi uya kuba nzima. Ukuba ibinzana lisetyenziselwa ngokubhekiselele kwiindawo zokulondolozwa ezingabonakaliyo, kuthetha ukuba ezi zifuyo zininzi.

Iintetho kunye nezichasiselo zegama elithi

I-phraseology yethu ibinzana kunye nezichasene. Ukususela kwiimpawu ezisemgangathweni esinokukwazi ukuhlula ezi zinto zilandelayo: ezininzi, ezininzi, ezininzi, ngaphaya komphetho, ngaphezu kwephahla, ngokungafanelekanga, ngobuninzi, ngokubonakalayo, ezingabonakaliyo, nabanye. Njengoko sibona, kukho ininzi yezifaniso kwigama elithi phraseology. Abanye babo baxela kuphela isimboli esithethayo, umzekelo: ngaphezu kweendlebe, ukwesaba ubuninzi, ukuba inja ayifuni, njl. Akunakusetyenziswa kwiintetho zesayensi okanye yentengiso.

Ibinzana lethu, ukuba lisetyenziswe ngentsingiselo ye "ezininzi", likwachazwa. Oku: "kanye kanye okanye kabini kunye ne-obchelsya", oku kuthetha "encinci."

Isiphelo

Iifraseologisms zezibakala ezikhethekileyo ezibonisa intsingiselo yabantu kunye nolwalamano lwabo kwihlabathi elibajikelezile. NgesiRashiya, amaninzi amabinzana aphikisayo anika umzekelo wokuziphatha kunye noluntu. Ukugxininisa iimpawu zengqondo ezimbi kunye nokudumisa okulungileyo, bafundisa umoya wokukhuthaza, ubulungisa, ububele, ukuphendula, amandla kunye nokuzingca. Kwakungumntu onjalo eRashiya owayehlala ecingwa njengomzekelo wokuziphatha okuhle. Kwiingcinga zomntu waseRashiya, isibindi, isibindi nokuzidela kuye kube yinto ebalulekileyo kuzo zonke iimpawu zomntu. Le propati yomphefumlo waseRashiya ibonakaliswa kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamabinzana kunye namazwi, okubizwa ngokuba ngamaqela angamazwi.