Biography Lesia Ukrainka: iifoto kunye namanqaku anika umdla

uncwadi hlabathi zizityebi amagama ababhali kunye iimbongi, umsebenzi wakhe athimba iintliziyo ezigidi. Phakathi kwabo ligama wembongi enkulu Ukrainian, kakuhle eyaziwa kokubini apha ekhaya nakumazwe aphesheya. Abaninzi baqhelene imibongo yakhe. Kodwa asinguye wonke umntu uyazi umdla ngayo yaye okumangalisayo kukuba biography of Lesya Ukrainka. Babunjani ubomi bakhe?

Ngokoyisa omoya wobuntu

Biography Lesia Ukrainka kukuzibhijabhija, uthando, ukubandezeleka umtya uphando yokuyila izinto, zazibonakala kuye isebenza kakhulu abanetalente. Babezibuza ukuba nabani ngokwenene malunga nentlekele ikamva layo? Into yokuba phantse bonke ubomi bakhe kwenzeka ngolwazi kwezifo asikuko nokuba kuyabulala, kuza umzimba ethe?

Biography Lesia Ukrainka yeengxaki Akumangalisi. Ngenxa yokuba nesifo thambo umfazi ubomi bakhe bonke kwanyanzeleka ukujingxela. Disease, ukuba ukubandezeleka kwakhe, ngaphambi kwexesha uwunyusile kwelabafileyo nesithandwa sakhe. Venter ngabom aphazamise umsebenzi nobomi bakhe buqu - uvumele wena ukuhlela bangaze okubhaliweyo evunyiweyo swinene zakhe.

Kunzima ukukholelwa ukuba umfazi kuzelwe ethe, uyakwazi ukunyamezela zonke ezi bunzima banyamezela ngesabelo yayo. Kwaye oko kuphela ukugcina umoya iqhawuke, kodwa ukuzoba evela amandla kunye nenkuthazo ukudala imisebenzi ezintle. Abaninzi babo, ngathi ngobomi ngokwayo Lesia Ukrainka, yaye namhlanje uhlala kuyafundisa. Ukuba uphethe isigxina omkhulu themba kunye nomoya invincibility, bafundisa ngenceba nenyaniso.

Lesya Ukrainka: biography umbhali Ukrainian

Ukubanjwa wayeqhelene biography of Lesya Ukrainka, umntu uyaqaphela ukuba wadalwa amathuba okuziphucula. neqembu layo yayiba abantu linyuke abanetalente, ofundileyo neyobuchule.

Kwisibizo indoda yakhe - unina - yaba imbongi Ukrainian adumileyo kunye umguquleli owadala elabo Olena Pchilka. Okwangoku, efanayo igama lakhe Olga Kosach. Igama lomsebenzisi yena "wanikela" omnye ezaziwayo-kakuhle umbhali Ukrainian Panas Mirny, ngenxa yokuba wayeqhelene ngomsebenzi wayo onzima kakhulu umsebenzi echumayo.

umzalwana sikanina yaba mbali odumileyo Ukrainian kunye folklorist, kukho inani zoluntu esebenzayo, amela imvelaphi socialism Ukrainian. igama lakhe - uMikhail Petrovich Dragomanov.

Endlwini yayisoloko ukutyelela abameli ezibalaseleyo nezazi Ukrainian. Unxibelelwano kunye nabantu yenkcubeko abafunde kakhulu, kakade, nempembelelo kuphuhliso amantombazana, ngomhla ukuyilwa umbono yehlabathi, ngokunjalo nophuhliso yayo elizayo imbongi.

Apho ungafunda njani ubomi bakhe?

biography zinetalente eliqaqambileyo Lesya Ukrainka ngolwimi Ukrainian uqulathwe iincwadi kwaye iyafumaneka abafundi abafunda kwezi zikolo Ukrainian-lwimi. Imbongi usesikhundleni ngokuqinileyo kwindawo ebonakalayo abangoontanga ababhali ingcono iimbongi Ukraine, ukufunda nobuciko ebonelela inkqubo yesikolo.

Abafundi kwizikolo Russian-yeelwimi Ukraine, kunye Russian ngamazwe, nawo ukufunda iincwadi Ukrainian. Bayakhuthazwa ukuba ziziqhelanise biography of Lesya Ukrainka kwi Ukrainian.

Inikela bonke abemi Russian-wayethetha Ukraine, kwakunye namanye amazwe abafuna ukufunda ngobomi wembongi, kwiincwadi Russian ezibhaliweyo eliqela monographs, ngokunjalo iincwadi kumajelo eendaba. Ukongeza, biography of Lesya Ukrainka in Russian (kwakunye in Ukrainian) efumaneka esidlangalaleni kwi-Internet.

ifanelwe ingqalelo yabaninzi ibali lobomi yakhe. Akubalulekanga nje ukuba umsebenzi oxabisekileyo wembongi, kodwa ukuthanda kwakhe alawule, umnqweno ubomi kunye nothando.

biography Emfutshane Lesya Ukrainka. imvelaphi

Igama lakhe real - vuyerisa Petrovna Kosach. Wazalwa ngomhla February 13 (New Style 25) 1871 e Novograd Volyn kwintsapho Ukrainian amanene inzala abadala.

Abazali imbongi elizayo - balapho ye-bank ekhohlo Ukraine - ezinzile kummandla Volyn ehlotyeni 1868. Ukususela Kiev, intsapho yakowabo yafudukela kwindawo entsha apha inkonzo kayihlo.

Intloko yentsapho, uPetros Antonovich Kosach, igqwetha ngokuqeqesha igosa lakomkhulu, eli inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yasekuhlaleni. umsebenzi wakhe wenkonzo kunye elifomatiweyo unobhala Collegiate, okwethutyana wakhonza njengenkokheli yezikhulu kwisithili Kovel. Ukususela ngo 1901-th - noceba kanye karhulumente. uncwadi Uvekalsya nokupeyinta. wahlanganiselwa rhoqo amagcisa, iimvumi, ababhali, iikonsathi ntsapho Le ndlu.

Umama poetess Olga Petrovna Kosach (Dragomanova) evela iindwalutho afike, umbhali Ukrainian, yekhasi, ethnographer. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, igama layo - Olena Pchilka. Nokuthatha inxaxheba kumbutho wabafazi, umvakalisi almanaha "isithsaba kuqala".

biography emfutshane Ukrainian Lesia Ukrainka kubonisiwe kwinqaku ngezantsi (jonga "Malunga yakhe - ngolwimi lwakhe lweenkobe.").

ukulandelwa

uninalume wakhe (ngumalume waloo umbhali) waba ngumbhali odumileyo, umgxeki folklorist noncwadi, umphengululi kunye nani kawonke uMikhail Petrovich Dragomanov. Ilifa sasePoland, ngexesha lakhe, waba unjingalwazi oncedisayo kwiYunivesithi of Kiev, ngoko unjingalwazi kwiYunivesithi Sofia (Bulgaria). Kusebenzisana kunye Ivan Franko.

Malume wadlala indima ekhokelayo ekubumbeni nomtshana iimboniselo: wamnika iinkolelo zakhe yobusoshiyali, iminqweno yokukhonza kwilizwe. Ngoncedo lwakhe, imbongi elizayo ngocoselelo bafunda iilwimi ezininzi zasemzini yaye yakwazi ukubona iisampuli uncwadi yehlabathi zakudala.

Umanci Lesya (ebizwa ngokuba yi-imbongi elizayo kwintsapho), Elena Antonovna Kosach, yaba revolution esebenzayo. NgoMatshi 1879, ngokuba nenxaxheba kokubulawa omnye wamagosa gendarme, yena wathunyelwa eSiberia iminyaka emi-5. Kwesi siganeko Les waphendula kumbongo wakhe wokuqala, "Ithemba" (1880).

ebuntwaneni

Wayesele alohlukaniswa umkhuluwa wakhe omdala uMikhail. Bobabini bafumana imfundo ekhaya, ukwenza iinkosi buso.

Funda Les wafunda kwiminyaka 4. Ngenxa unina ekuqaleni wayeyithanda lwemveli Ukrainian.

Ukususela ngo-1878, waqala vuxaka bya yena udade kayise - ukuba umakazi yeoli ese ushiye uphawu zayo zombini ebomini nakumsebenzi wembongi.

Kulo nyaka mnye intsapho waya kwidolophana Kolodyazhni (Volyn), apho utata wakhe, othe wasiwa ukusebenza Lutsk, ukuthenga umhlaba.

Kunyaka olandelayo, wabanjwa kwaye elubhacweni eSiberia makazi, Elena Antonovna Kosach.

Ngowe-1880 umyeni wakhe wabanjwa kwaye elubhacweni omnye umakazi, Alexandra Antonovna Kosach (Szymanowska), apho, kunye noonyana bakhe ababini bafudukela kuhlala usapho umzalwana wakhe. Umanci Sasa waqala Lesya utitshala kuqala umculo.

Ebusika 1881 le ntombazana ndafumana umkhuhlane, kangangokuba waba sisifo esibi ukuba haunted ubomi bakhe. Waqala ubuhlungu kunzima umlenze wakhe, ngoko waqala ukuba buhlungu ngesandla.

Oogqirha waxilongwa ekuqaleni rheumatism. Iimpawu zesi sifo iye bangabi ngoncedo imithi kunye nabo. Kodwa kuphela okwethutyana.

Auto biography of Lesya Ukrainka ngolwimi Ukrainian iqulethe izityhilelo ngoko ufanele abe ukulwela inkululeko kunye intlungu yakhe yanto kunye nokuhlupheka emzimbeni. Le ntombazana ethe waba ubhalo obungenakutshatyalaliswa, namandla kakhulu. "Dwellers Abakhalanga, mna smіyalas" - ebhala. Ngomhla Russian la mazwi ziguqulelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ". Ukuze ukuba bakhale, I hleka"

uphethwe

kwilali Kolodyazhni uye waba yindawo esisigxina yokuhlala yentsapho. Apha bezalwa abazalwana noodade abancinane (bonke ntsapho owabanyusayo oonyana abathandathu).

Ngowe-1883 (Les kunye nomzalwana wakhe Michael ngexesha ababehlala kwaye baqeqeshwe e Kiev) yena banesifo sephepha amathambo, ukusebenza ingalo, ibangele ukuba kufuneka ukulibala malunga njengekhondo piyano ukuba baphupha.

Buyisela ku Kolodyazhni apho ahlaziyeke aze aqhubeke nemfundo ekhaya.

ulutsha

Ngoncedo lwe kunina, yena ukufunda yaseYurophu, kuquka iilwimi Slavic. Ngokunjalo nase-Latin nangesiRoma yamandulo. Yena uyazithanda yokudweba.

Inqanaba lemfundo nendlu Larysa Kosach kungqinwa yokuba eli-19 ubudala yena yayisekelwe kwimibhalo izazinzulu ezaziwayo-kakuhle, yaba noodadewabo textbook kwimbali yamandulo ulwimi Ukrainian, nayo kwiminyaka emininzi kamva (ngo-1918) e Ekaterinoslav.

Oku kuthetha ukuba a lot of Ukrainian (imisebenzi Heinrich Heine, uAdam Mickiewicz, kaHomer, Victor Hugo, Gogol kunye nabanye.). Kwaye oku nangona esi sifo rhoqo wenza ngokwayo ngayo. Kodwa unina wazisa igorha Lesya yaye akanalo ilungelo sinokunikezela buthathaka kwaye ngaphezu-bevakalisa iimvakalelo zabo.

Ukuqala bobuchule

Kanti ke, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ngaphezu ngobomi abatyebileyo Lesia Ukrainka - imisebenzi wembongi.

Ngowe-1884 uqala ukubhala ngenkuthalo (in Ukrainian). imibongo yakhe yokuqala - "Sappho," "Lily", "Red Summer weza," njalo njalo -. eLviv ipapasha iphephandaba "Dawn".

Amagqabantshintshi ngemisebenzi ebhaliweyo

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kuya kuba umbhali abangabasemisebenzini iintlobo ngeentlobo kucholacholo lweendaba, imibongo, neprowuzi, idrama. Abaninzi baya kusebenza entsimini lwemveli - ilizwi lakhe mabarekhode ngaphezulu kwama-200 MaNcuthu abantu kunye. Yiba nokuthatha inxaxheba kwi intshukumo yesizwe.

udumo lwakhe Lesya Ukrainka ukufumana ngokudala:

1) ingqokelela of vesi:

• 1893rd: "ngamaphiko Iingoma";
• 1899-th "Duma kunye namaphupha";
• 1902 d: "Impendulo";

2) imibongo:

• 1893rd "Endala Tale";
• 1903rd: "Ilizwi elinye";

3) AMD:

• 1913th: "Boyar";
• 1907 th "UCassandra";
• 1905 d: "Xa mangcwaba";
• 1911 th "Forest Ingoma" kunye nabanye.

Kodwa kuya kuba ngoko. Kodwa ...

ukuvuthwa

Ukuqala 1891 le yesibini yona uya Compostela, Bukovina, sadibana amanani amaninzi kakhulu kule mihla Western Ukrainian: V. Stefanik, I. Franko, A. Macovei, O. Kobylyanskaya, H. Kobrin.

Kulo nyaka (1894-1895) ehlala umalume wakhe Michael Dragomanov e Sofia.

imikhosi ukugula kakhulu ukuba baphathwe iiholide eYiputa, eJamani, eItali, Austria-Hungary. Imbongi ngokuphindaphindiweyo batyelela eCaucasus, Odessa, eCrimea. Abahambahambayo bacebisa amava yayo ezintle banzi.

Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1907, kunye ne-umyeni Klimentiem Kvitkoy yena utyelela Alupka, Yalta, Sevastopol.

Ngo-Agasti kulo nyaka, ukuba semthethweni komtshato. Abanye kuhlala e Kiev, uze udlulele eCrimea, apho Kvitka ukulawula ukufumana isikhundla kwinkundla.

kwiminyaka yakutshanje

isifo sakhe inkqubela ngokuthe chu. Isifo sephepha amathambo kuye kwakhula, oko kongezelelwa unesifo esinganyangekiyo kwizintso.

Wafumana amandla emsebenzini, ekudambiseni ubuhlungu obukhulu nokubandezeleka.

Yena nomyeni wakhe eqokelelweyo iintsomi, processed eyakho idrama. Ngexesha unyango eCaucasus badalwa Extravaganza drama "Forest Ingoma", umbongo usinga "beqhawe" lyric-ifilimu triptych zanikezelwa Ivanu Franko.

Phezu yokufunda sisifo intombi yakhe kuxhotyiwe, unina uza eGeorgia, apho ubhala phantsi emlonyeni wakhe wokugqibela eseleyo umdlalo engagqitywanga - ". Ngomhla kunxweme Alexandria"

Imbongi enkulu Ukrainian wafa ngoJulayi 19 (Agasti 1) 1913 kwidolophu Georgian ka Surami. Wayeneminyaka eli-42. Yena wangcwatywa e Kiev kwi Baikove emangcwabeni.

Ngayo - ngolwimi lwakhe lweenkobe

Biography of Lesya Ukrainka kwi Ukrainian, leyo esilishumayelayo kweli nqaku ngokufutshane Iingxelo sele eziqulathwe ulwazi malunga ngobomi bakhe. ngolwimi lwenkobe wembongi enokwendela umoya wayo kunye nokuqonda ngcono yehlabathi lakhe ngaphakathi:

"Lesya Ukrainka - psevdonіm vidatnoї ukraїnskoї pismennitsі, poetesi, Perekladach, dіyacha yenkcubeko. Spravzhnє іm'ya - vuyerisa Petrіvna Kosach.

25 1871 abantu Dire ziye mіstі Novogradі-Volins'ka in rodinі dvoryanskіy. Umama poetesi Bula vіdomoyu pismennitseyu scho pid kudala psevdonіmom - Olena Pchіlka. Batko lokuNgena visokoosvіchenim pomіschikom. Malume Lesі - vіdomy vcheny, іstorik Michael Dragomanov.

In domі Kosachіv nerіdko zbiralisya tsіkavі, osvіchenі gostі, vlashtovuvalisya domashnі iikonsathi i ngcwele, nxaxheba yakih Stavan dіti.

Les navchalasya in vchitelіv Private. At 6 rokіv vmіla vzhe vishivati elungileyo.

1881 nzima zahvorіla tuberkuloz kіstok.

Protection Health ngokusebenzisa lokusila ukutshintsha zmushena of of Kyïv, de umzalwana navchalasya ixesha іz xa vchitelіv wabucala Kolodyazhni (rіdny Mayetok on Volinі). W Relief materі vivchaє іnozemnі MTIE (frantsuzku, nіmetsku ukuba INSHI).

Ngowe-1884 rozpochinaєtsya її esebenzayo dіyalnіst yak poetesi. Lvivske vidavnitstvo "Zorya" drukuє Pershi vіrshі "Konvalіya" Sappho "yena INSHI.

1885 vihodit її Ukrainian pereklad tvorіv Mikoli Gogolya.

Nadalі Wayethandwa bagato perekladala: kaHomer, Heine, Mіtskevicha, Hugo.

Ngowe-19 rokіv ekujoliswe pіdruchnik іstorії koodade svoїh.

H 1891 of bagato mandruє Compostela kraїnami Єvropi, vіdvіduє Gruzіyu, Іtalіyu, Єgipet. Znayomitsya of vіdomimi dіyachami svіtovoї ukuba ukraїnskoї inkcubeko. prozhivaє iyure Deyaky e Sofії umalume.

Amaxesha amaninzi tsі podorozhі vimushenі bamisa Zdorov'ya pismennitsі. Ale ziyanuka uqhoqhoqho th Nadzvychaina sytuatsia rozshiryuyut її krugozіr ukuba nadihayut kwi tvorchіst. Її poezіya - charіvnі zbіrki vіrshіv "Vіdguki" Osіnnya Tale "," krill pіsen "," uya Pisni malunga "sithi ngokuphawulekayo" Kasandra ", weqonga-feєrіya" Lisova pіsnya "yena INSHI - prosyaknutі lyubov'yu kubantu Svoge ukuba іstorії yogo, zaklikom viboryuvati wahlala share umfula.

Xa serpnі Uphumelele pobiraєtsya ka Klimentієm Kvіtkoyu, yaky її schiro Kochav. prozhivayut Molodі ku Krim. Kuba pіdozroyu neblagonadіynostі Year evolyum kvartirі zdіysnyuєtsya zhandarmsky obshuk, iincwadi viluchayutsya.

Ostannі Rocky Zhittya Lesі Ukrїnki edlula kwi ngexabiso ephakamileyo lіkuvannі. Won vіdvіduє Yalta Batumі, Tbіlіsі, Kiev, Odessa, Єvpatorіyu, їzdit kwi konsultatsії ku Berlіnu, lіkuєtsya in Єgiptі.

Wafa poetesa 19 Lipnya 1913 vіtsі kweliwa 42 rokіv kwi mіstі Suramі (Gruzіya) ".

esithi yakhe

Le leitmotif bobuchule kunye isaci ubomi Lesia Ukrainka kunokwenzeka ukuba siqwalasele amazwi akhe;

"Ni, ndifuna krіz slozi smіyatis,

UZerede lisiya pisni spіvati,

Ngaphandle kodwa spodіvatis of Hope,

Zhiti ufuna! Phuma Dumi sumnі! "

biography yakhe enomdla Akumangalisi

Kubafundi umbhali elibukhali okudala okanye imbongi, ukufunda ngobomi esemthethweni, ufuna ukuba ndimazi, ufunwa kubomi izinto apho awayeza kuvela mhlophe ezahlukahlukeneyo izithixo. Nazi ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla ukusuka biography of Lesya Ukrainka.

Ngokutsho iingcali yobomi bakhe kwaye nasemsebenzini, imbongi wayemthanda "kuhovarit". Yena okuphekwe strawberry ehlotyeni jam cherry. Kwaye kanye ke, ndatyala amatyholo ezimbini dogwood. Basaba nithwale isiqhamo. Kodwa zabo yethumba amaqunube jam ngoku abasebenzi myuziyam kule lali Kolodyazhni.

Ngokutsho izalamane zakhe, ngamaxesha lucidity, xa uyeke kwesi sifo, yena wazosa izonkana lemon mazurkas emangalisayo.

kuye kwaba zisancumisa buhlungu kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, ixesha xa Les ngenxa yokugula babengamele nokuphuma ebhedini. Kodwa zange ayeke intliziyo, elintyumpantyumpeka ubuchule, ukuphuhlisa italente zabo.

nobudlelwano bakhe namadoda - eliqaqambileyo, ngokunyanisekileyo yaye okumangalisayo kukuba intle - ufanelwe encwadini. uthando lwakhe lokuqala okwenyaniso, nto leyo yamfumana Lesya kweminyaka eli-15 ubudala, waba Mxim Slavinskiy (eyi-18 ubudala). Olu thando iboniswa umsebenzi wakhe, kodwa ulwalamano wayengekho elide.

A inxeba buhlungu entliziyweni yakhe ababesele 1897 Nestor Gambarashvili abafundi abatsha Georgian quartered ku Kosachev. Bafundisa ulwimi ngalunye ezinye ungabutyhili: kuba bakhe - isiFrentshi, wenza - Georgian. Xa Nestor watshata omnye, Lesia lithemba yayingazani imida. Emva kweminyaka engama-45, othanda owayesakuba walila engcwabeni uthando lwakhe.

Sergey Merzhinsky - umntu ushiye istampu olunzulu ebomini bakhe. Badibana iiholide kunye ngokukhawuleza wafumana ulwimi eqhelekileyo, nakubeni Les koko waziva enjalo intlungu hellish ukuba ngamanye amaxesha kwanyanzeleka ukuba angehla kwesitulo ixesha elide bethe tu.

Akakwazi ukumphendula imbuyekezo, njengoko babekholelwa ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba ngenxa yokugula wakhe luxanduva oyintanda. Wayamkela yokuba kuya kuba nje ngumhlobo.

Kodwa sifo ibabulele Merzhinsky. Imali kakhulu emabi kakhulu, Les efuna ukuba ndiphilise umntu omthandayo esemsebenzini lusuku lwakhe kwebhedi nobusuku. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo kakhulu sephepha phambili, kunye Sergei uyafa ezandleni zakhe. Les ngonaphakade ukugcina uthando kuye. Ukususela ngoku, yena unxiba iimpahla kuphela emnyama.

Emva kweminyaka emithandathu yokufundwa yoncwadi, adibana Klimentom Kvitkoy, imvumi edumileyo kunye folklorist. Intliziyo yakhe waqhubeka ehlala Merzhinsky, kodwa uyasamkela esi simemo Kvitki. umtshato ngazo iminyaka emithandathu kwaye iphela nge kokufa wembongi.

Kuthiwa uClement Lesya ukulithanda ukuba ukususela amaxesha ngamaxesha ukuthengisa impahla, impahla ukuya imali ukunika unyango lwakhe. Yena akazange akwazi axolele inkathalo yokuqala ngumfazi wakhe. Emva kokufa kwakhe Kvitka waphila iminyaka emashumi mane, ukubandezeleka besola ngenxa oko umkile kuye yedwa.

Biography of Lesya Ukrainka (kwakunye nomsebenzi wakhe) - eliqaqambileyo, abanetalente, siqeqeshwa. Uthotho wokuteketiswa kunye iintlungu ezamiselwa iphefumlelwe kwimibongo ekulweni nezifo, impumelelo zobuchule kunye unxunguphalo engqondweni, ekufikeleleni ngokomoya nelahleko uthando. Enye kwiimbongi ingcono ababhali Ukraine, ucinga kuphela ngomsebenzi wakhe brilliant, kodwa nabanga umnqweno wakhe ngokwenene ubomi kunye nothando.