Zakhar Prilepin "I-Abode": isishwankathelo

Esinye seziganeko ezibalulekileyo kwiincwadi zaseRashiya kwiminyaka yamuva yincwadi enobhalwe nguZakhar Prilepin. "I-Abode", isishwankathelo esiya kufumana kule nqaku, ngumxholo malunga nobomi beSolovetsky Camp Purpose Camp ngasekupheleni kwee-1920 zekhulu lama-20.

UmRoma "UAbode"

Захар Прилепин. Ngo-2014, wabhala incwadi yakhe yakutsha , uZakhar Prilepin. "Abode", umxholo omfutshane apho namhlanje unokuwucela ekuhlolweni esikolweni esiphakeme, ngexesha elifutshane elifumana uthando lomfundi.

Umsebenzi ushicilelwe kwindlu yokupapasha i-AST. Wawuthola umvuzo ophakamileyo wezobugcisa welizwe "Incwadi Enkulu".

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba umbhali oyintloko ngabantu. Incwadi ethi Zahar Prilepin "Abode" ichaza iimpawu zokumangalisa zomntu. Kwaye abanye babo baqulunqa umbhali, kwaye ezinye zazikho ngokwenene. Njengoko, umzekelo, umphathi wekampu yeSolovetsky uFedor Ivanovich Eichmans. Kwiveli efunyenwe phantsi kwegama elithi Eichmanis.

Umntu oyintloko, eqinisweni, yenziwe. U-Artem oneminyaka engama-27 ubudala, ongena kwinkampu phambi kokunyanzelwa kukaStalin. Kodwa yena umthandi wakhe unemifanekiso yakhe yomlando. UGalina kwincwadana ngumthandi wangempela wase-Eichmans uGalina Kucherenko.

Abakwa-Artem bahlala befihla iimpawu zengqungquthela zabalinganiswa bokwenene bamaSoviet. UMitya Schelkachov - U-Academician uDmitry Sergeevich Likhachev. Umphathi wekampu yeNogtev nguAlexander Petrovich Nogtev, intloko yokuqala yeSolovki, nangaphambi kweEichmans. UFrenkel - uNaftali Aronovich Frenkel, enye yeenkokheli zaseGulag. UBoris Lukyanovich - UBoris Lukyanovich uSolonevich, umbhali waseRashiya kunye nomntu osekuhlaleni ochitha iminyaka eyi-8 kwiinkampu zeSolovki.

Zakhar Prilepin

Ngaphambi kokuqonda, kunokuba kubaluleke kakhulu inveli ka Prilepin "Abode", kubalulekile ukuba ufunde kabanzi malunga nombhali wayo kuqala.

U-Prilepin wazalelwa ngowe-1975 kwingingqi yaseRyazan. Xa wayeneminyaka eli-11 ubudala, intsapho yathuthela kwisixeko saseNizhny Novgorod. Abazali bakhe bafumana indlu yokuhlala kwisixeko saseDzerzhinsk.

Wabhalwa emkhosini, kodwa wabuya wathunyelwa. Wafunda esikolweni samapolisa, wakhonza kwi-OMON. Ngokufanayo, ndaqala ukufundisisa kwi-Faculty of Philology yaseYunivesithi yaseNizhny Novgorod. Ngaloo ndlela uZ. Prilepin wabonisa okokuqala unomdla kwiincwadi. "Indawo yokuhlala", isishwankathelo salo kweli nqaku, liye lakhulelwa ngumlobi kamva kamva, kodwa wayenomsebenzi wokubhala ngeendlela zokuqala zokubhala kwimiba yakhe yokudala ngelo xesha.

Ngo-2000, u-Prilepin waqala ukusebenza njengomlobi-ntatheli, washiya umsebenzi ekuthotyelweni komthetho. Ngaloo xesha wapapashwa phantsi kweengcamango ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo, uEvgeny Lavlinsky. U-Prilepin uthanda i-ideology ye-National Bolshevik Party ye- Eduard Limonov, ebhala kwiphephandaba elithi "Limonka". UyiNtloko yeNBP yeNNP kwiNyzhny Novgorod. Ngaloo xesha wabhala amabali akhe okuqala, waba ngummeli wokuqala we-prose yempi, kunye noKarasev noBabchenko.

Upapasho Prilepin

UZahar Prilepin wabhala incwadi yakhe yokuqala ngo-2004. Kwabizwa ngokuba yi "Pathology", yazinikezelwa kwimfazwe yaseChechen. Lo ngumsebenzi onyanisekileyo kunye owenene. I-protagonist yinto ekhethekileyo yombutho oqhuba uhambo oluya eNorth Caucasus.

Inombolo yesibini "iSanka" yadalwa ngo-2006. Inikezelwa kumalungu enyathelo eliqingqiweyo lokunyakaza "I-Union of Builders". Oku kuthethwa yiCandelo leSizwe leBolshevik. I-protagonist ngenye yezithathi-nxaxheba ezibandakanyekayo kule ntshukumo, ithatha inxaxheba kwimpikiswano kunye nombuso, iya kwiindawo ezisebenza phantsi komhlaba, ngenxa yoko ithatha inxaxheba ekubambiseni ngokuxhotyiswa kwelinye lamaziko emimandla.

Ngo-2007 u-Prilepin wabhala inkulumo ethi "Isono". Iqulethwe ngamabali kwimiba eyahlukeneyo. Iimbali eziphambili zinikezelwa kumxholo wokukhula kwentsha yesigxina esiphezulu, ukufumana iingcamango ezisisiseko malunga nehlabathi elijikelezile.

Ngo-2011, enye incwadana yombhali, i-Black Monkey, ishicilelwe. Olu luphando lophando olunzulu, olunikezelwa kwimeko ecacileyo yokubulala abantu kwiedolophu ezincinci zephondo. Phakathi kwimbali yabangummangaliso ababulala abantwana abafuna ukwazi oko. Kwaye le ncwadana iphathelele inyaniso, ebomini obusondezayo iyancinci kwaye incinci. Isalathisi esithakazelisayo sale ncwadana ayikuvumeli ukuba uqhekeze kude nokufunda umzuzu. Into ephambili kukuba lo msebenzi ungabangela umnqweno wokutshintsha ihlabathi, esiyibona emva kwefestile yethu, ukuba ibe ngcono.

Yonke le misebenzi ilandele phambili kwinombolo esemqoka kunye nenkulu, enamhlanje umbhali abhalayo. Kule nqaku, uya kufunda umxholo wayo omfutshane. U-Zakhar Prilepin "U-Abode" ufanelekile ukufunda.

Intsingiselo yencwadana

Abaninzi abagxeki kunye nabamkeli bemisebenzi yombhali wencwadi yokuba umsebenzi wakhe ukhanya nje ngezempilo kunye nobomi, nangona kunikezelwe kwelinye lamaphepha ahlazo kakhulu kwimbali yoRhulumente waseSoviet - intlangano yeenkampu zoxinzelelo. Babulala izigidi zabantu, baphinde banciphisa impilo yabo, baphoqeleka ukuba bahlukane neentsapho zabo ngonaphakade.

Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, iziganeko ezichazwe ngumbhali zihlala ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba u-Stalinist aphendule, xa abantu bathunyelwa kwiinkampu ngamanani amaninzi. Ukuphela kwee-1920s kwi-Soviet Union kwakusisithuba sokunceda, xa umatshini wokunyanzeliswa wawusanda kuqalisa ukukhawuleza.

Kuzo zonke iintlobo zeenkampu ze-Solovetsky inkampu yakhetha i-Prilepin. "I-Abode" (umxholo omfutshane wencwadi kuya kukunceda ukuba umazi kangcono) - inombolo echaza malunga neendwendwe ezizodwa. Kwaye kwahlala ixesha elide ngabapristi abazityhawula ngokuzikhethela kwihlabathi langaphandle iminyaka emininzi. Amandla aseSoviet ajika i-monastery ibe yinkampu ekhethekileyo, ayiyikupheliswa ngokupheleleyo kwiindawo ezibuhlungu iidonki, imiyalelo kunye nemiyalelo yazo.

Ukubopha inqaku

Amachibi omnxweme kunye neeseli ezinemikhankaso zenkampu zihlala kwiiSolovetsky Islands . Nantsi entsha intloko yekampu, indoda efundiswe ngokuqinisekileyo kwaye ihlakaniphile. Ukuzama ukuphumeza ukuzama ukuvuselelwa kwabantu. Ukwakhiwa kwezigwenxa kunye nabangenacala kumacandelo epolitiki ngamalungu aphilileyo aseSoviet. Ingcamango efanayo, ngendlela, inokulandelwa kwincwadana yeBulgakov ethi "Intliziyo Yenja". Kulapho, uProfesa Preobrazhensky ngenxa yoluvo lwezokwelapha uphendukela kumntu omtsha waseSoviet. Eichmanis wenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo.

I-superintendent entsha yekampu yeSolovki ilungiselela, ngokubhekiselele kwingxelo ecacileyo yenye yeqhawe leveli, isistim esihogweni. Kukho ilayibrari, inkundla yemidlalo, kodwa kukho ubukho bentetho yesilwa kunye nesilathiso sohlwayo. Ubunono kunye nokuzimelela imfundo kufuneka kudibene nomsebenzi onzima wemihla ngemihla. Kwaye iipolitiki kunye nezigqwetha zihlala kwinqanaba elithile, ngenxa yezinto ezihlala zikhona iingxabano, ngokuqhelekileyo zentlalo. Kwimeko enzima ngumlingisi omkhulu u-Artem, ofika ukuza kuhlwaywa kwiSolovki.

Ukudala umntu omtsha

Ngokutsho kwe-Eichmanis, umntu omtsha waseSoviet kufuneka akhule kule ngqungquthela engummandla kwaye enzima. Kwiivenkile kwiiponti zezorhwebo kunye ne-marmalade e-sweet, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo lidlula emangcwabeni amandulo kunye neentlambo emlanjeni omkhulu. Incwadi ethi "Umgcini" we-Prilepin, onomxholo omfutshane onokukunceda ukuqonda kakuhle injongo yomlobi, uchaza indlela abantu abazama ngayo ukudibanisa le mibini echasene nomzamo ongaphezu komntu.

Ngaphandle kwewindow ye-20-ye-XX yenkulungwane. Imfazwe yeMfazwe yombango ifile nje. Ngoko ke, abantu phakathi kwamabanjwa baninzi kakhulu. Apha ungakwazi ukudibana negosa lomkhosi waseKolchak, kunye nommeli wobufundisi, ongakhange aqikelele ukuba ulawulo lukaSoviet lungakanani na uluphi uhlobo lokubonisa ukholo, kwaye luye lwahlaziya iChekist. Kodwa ininzi yazo zonke, ngokuqinisekileyo, izigwenxa eziqhelekileyo.

I-protagonist yencwadana

Ngoko kuvela kwaye u-Artem - umlingisi ophezulu wencwadana ethi "Abode" Prilepin. Isishwankathelo siya kunceda ukuqonda ibali lakhe, ngenxa yokuba wayekho kwikampu yeSolovki.

Akakude neengcinga zezopolitiko, wayekhokelela ekubulaweni kukayise, owenziwe kwintlanzi yasekhaya, ezama ukukhusela izihlobo zakhe eziseleyo. Isenzo salo mfana asizange sivavanywe, ngenxa yoko, wayenobugqwetha.

Ukubunjwa kweveli

Ukubunjwa kwalo msebenzi akuyinkimbinkimbi. Incwadana ethi "Abode" ngo-Zahar Prilepin, umxholo omfutshane apho ufundayo ngoku, uhlanganiswe ngokupheleleyo kumgca wobomi bomntu oyintloko. Zonke iziganeko ezichazwe kumaphepha zixhunyiwe nayo ngenye indlela.

U-Prilepin uthi ebomini, njengomsebenzi wobugcisa, loo nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwabanye. Yona nto ikhethiweyo ngamanye amaxesha ulungelelaniso olukhokelela ekubeni umlingisi oyintloko ulawula ukubonakalisa iimpawu zakhe ezintle kakhulu kwaye angabi nokwesaba, oko kukuthi, ukuba angayi kudibanisa, kwi-jargon yendawo. U-Artem udlula ubuninzi beengozi ezazidla ngokufumana abahlobo bakhe okanye abamelwane kwindlu. Ngokuqhelekileyo sinokufanisa u-Artem kunye neqhawe lomdlalo we-picaresque. Yile ndlela uZakhar Prilepin "I-Abode" eyakha ngayo.

U-Artem ufumana indawo kwinkampani yezemidlalo, oku kuthetha isimo sengqondo esikhethekileyo, unyango kunye nesondlo. Uyakwazi ukukhohlisa amasela kwiindawo zakhe zokungqinela, ezo zibopheko zezobupolitika ezinokuqonda azikwazi ukujamelana nazo. Kunye no-Eichmanis, uya kukhangela ubuncwane obungabonakali obufihlakeleyo kwiimonkithi zeSolovetsky ngexesha elidlulayo. Yonke ixesha elilawulayo ukufumana amanyathelo omtsha, apho kukukhokelela kakhulu kwiSolovki.

Uthando lomgca

Kubonakala kwiveli kunye nomgca wothando. U-Artem uthandana noGalina, umgcini weewadi, kwaye, ngelo xesha, inkosikazi yase-Eichmanis. Ukuphuhliswa kobudlelwane kuququzelelwe ngokuqeshwa kwakhe okutsha. Ufumana indawo kwisiqithi esikude, apho kuyimfuneko ukunyamekela iimpungushe. Ngenxa yoko, uGalina uyamtyelela rhoqo, kuthiwa ukuze ahlole indlela enza ngayo umsebenzi wakhe.

Ngexesha elifanayo wenza ezininzi iimpazamo. Eyona nto, ngenxa yesimo sakhe esicothayo nesingenakukhathazeka. Ukubalekela, njengokuba kunjalo, kunceda loo meko. Inhlanhla ehambelana nomgcini-mgconi ingabizwa ngokuba ngumntu omnye ohlala kwi-novel yase-Prilepin ethi "Abode". Isishwankathelo somsebenzi kufuneka sichaze malunga neengozi ezibulalayo eziye zenza i-protagonist. Oku kukuqinisa izigwenxa, kunye neenqwelo zamasosha ase-Red Army, kunye neengceba zommelwane kwi-barrack. Uvumelekile ukuba adlule ngumqeshwa ongekho mthethweni ongekho mthethweni kwiinkonzo ezikhethekileyo zeSoviet, owona msebenzi wakhe oyintloko kukugxeka bonke abakuye.

Umntu womlingisi oyintloko

Ngexesha elifanayo, uZakhar Prilepin unobunono ngokubhala ubhala umlingisi obalulekileyo. "I-Abode", umxholo omfutshane apho ufunda khona, ikuvumela ukuba ujabulele ngokugcwele lo moya othembekileyo waseRashiya. U-Artem ubonisa rhoqo iimpawu ezibonakalayo zomdlalo wesizwe.

Akakufaneli acinge ngekamva lakhe, kwaye zonke izinto zenzeka ngeendlela eziphambili. Unengqondo engqondweni, ngexesha elifanayo ngqo ngqo. Ukulungele ukubonisa iimvakalelo zabo, umzekelo, ukuxhuma kwisantya, nabani na owayekulo mzuzwana osondele kuye.

Nangona kunjalo, ungekho kumntu ontle. Nangona u-Artyom uyakwazi ukumela abantu ababuthathaka kunye nokucaphukisa, ngesinye ixesha, kwimeko efanayo, unokuzibandakanya nesihlwele esiya kukuhlekisa abantu ababuthathaka. Nanku ubumbano bonke bomntu bubonakalisa. Ingqiqo yesihawu ebonakalayo kumntu kuye ibeka ingqalelo isimo sengqondo ebomini.

Imibuzo engunaphakade

Iqhawe likaPrelepin lihlala libuza imibuzo malunga nenjongo yobomi, ityelelwa yiingcinga zeDostoevsky. Zichazwe ngokucacileyo ngo-Prilepin. "Hlala", umxholo omfutshane okuvumela ukuba ufunde oluphambili kubo, unike iimpendulo kwimibandela eyahlukeneyo. Ngaba ikhona imbongolo enobungozi entliziyweni yam? Yintoni uThixo? Ngaba ihlabathi linemihlali?

Ukufumana iimpendulo ezingabonakaliyo kule mibuzo kwiqhawe, akunjalo, akunakwenzeka, kodwa indlela azama ukuyifumana ngayo, ithi ininzi ngobuntu bakhe.

Ubaleke kwiSolovki

Mhlawumbi, umgca wencwadana ngumzamo wokubaleka kwiiSolovetsky Islands. Yenziwa nguArtem noGalina. Bazama ukuhamba ngomkhumbi, bafikelele kwimimandla engqongileyo yamanxweme angaphandle. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le ngcamango iya kutshabalaliswa okokuqala.

Emva kokubaleka iintsuku eziliqela kumagagasi asemazantsi asentla, babuyela ekampini, bezama ukuchazela ukungabikho kwazo njengokuba kunokwenzeka. Kodwa abagadi kunye nabasemagunyeni bekholoni baqhubeka bephatha amanqaku abo ngokusola. Ekugqibeleni, bobabini baya ngaphantsi kophando.

Isiphelo

U-Prilepin ugqiba iveli yakhe ngegama elincinci kunye nelisigxina: "Indoda ibumnyama kwaye iyatshitshisa, kodwa ihlabathi iluntu kwaye lifudumele." Kulokuphikisana ukuba yonke into ebalulekileyo yobudlelwane babantu ubuxoki.