Umbuzo ezimbaxa kwisuntswana ceba umbane

Ngomhla umbuzo ceba umbane, akukho mpendulo. Kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba ukuyenza, kuba ikhona ngokungakhethe cala kwindalo. Omnye umbuzo ngulo, owasinikayo igama isindululo zokukhomba amasuntswana icala namandla efunyenwe kwayo. Kwenza uWilliam Gilbert, ezichazwe emsebenzini wakhe zenzululwazi, yomhla we kunyaka 1600, iziphumo zophando lwabo yegolide evuthiweyo. pieces Scientist kwama- le intlaka lukhuni ilaphu, kutheni fumene ukukwazi ukutsala izinto ukukhanya ezahlukeneyo, kwakunye negama elihle lo izandi Greek izimbiwa ezifana ovela, kwaye buyinto evulekileyo yaziwa ngokuba ilizwi lwamaqabane.

Ke ukuba bathi Gilbert wasungula umbane, Kakade ke, akunakwenzeka. Enyanisweni, lo ephambili ekumiseleni iimpawu evuthiweyo ayikho kakhulu zichanekile, enikwe ukuba inabe eGrisi yamandulo, kakhulu, bawuqhole ingubo. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa sisazinzulu IsiNgesi, owayephila XV-XVI iinkulungwane, ukuba akakwazi ukugqiba ukuba iplanethi yethu yonke uziphethe njenge umazibuthe wakhe omkhulu, kunye nohlobo yayo kwengqondo. Ngoko ngumphandi omkhulu Gilbert wathabatha inyathelo ingxilimbela malunga uphando amandla, kamva waba ngomnye engundoqo zamandla okuqhuba inkqubela, ngaphandle impucuko mihla akunakwenzeka ukuba ukucinga.

Kukho intetho endala: ilungelo igama - yiyo, waqonda kakuhle. Ngandlel 'ithile, umbuzo ceba umbane uvuliwe, uphando yakhe eqhubekayo.

Ingakumbi Uphuhliso zombane olukhawulezileyo kwenzeka kweyeshumi elinesibhozo. Pieter van Musschenbroek wadala electric drive yehlabathi yokuqala - i Leyden ingqayi, kwase yeebhethri mihla.

Imbali ngexesha lokufunyanwa umbane kunye neempawu zayo waqhubeka uBenjamin Franklin, US umongameli, ubuso bakhe yaziwa kulo lonke umfanekiso kwi oyilwayo ezilikhulu dollar. Yaba nguye lowo ke Njengomhlaziyi yokuqala nenzululwazi entsha, kananjalo Umsunguli yentonga kombane.

Sibile yaqalisa ingqikelelo izibonda zombane. Phantse ngaxeshanye Italy Galvani ubeka imifuniselo ebhegini kunye kwinyama kwezihlunu kwezilwanyana ngokubanika amathuba okuba babone lwangoku.

Ukuba nabani na owavela umbane, i Volt kukuba ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX bakha ibhetri, umgaqo leyo lisetyenziswa jikelele kule mini, kwaye mhlawumbi kuya kusetyenziswa lo gama nje abantu ikhona.

Faraday sele iyilungisile indlela yokuba zonke izixhobo ezisebenzisa umgaqo yoqheliso - abasebenza, Iimoto zombane, abaguquli, imibhijelo retractor kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi izixhobo zale mihla zobugcisa. Kuba engamashumi amabini yena Ampere kunye UMaxwell wenza ezifunyaniswe ezininzi elifanayo revolution zenzululwazi.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufunyanwa esisiseko yayikukuqinisekisa electron uYosefu Thomson njengolwimi obubonakalayo umbane. Oku kwenzeka ngo-1879.

Ibinzana elithi "ukuhlawula ekukhanyeni" lisetyenziswa kaninzi. Ngale ndlela, omnye wabo ceba umbane, yaba compatriot yethu Lodygin abasungula into efunekayo enjalo, ngathi iglowubhu yesibane, bathengisa lomenzi kuTomas Edison ngo-1906.