Yintoni imeko-ntle

Iguqulwe ukusuka Latin "ekuhlaleni" lithetha "karhulumente", "jikelele". Ngamanye amazwi, le nkcazo ezinxulumene kubomi babantu. Ngokuphathelele oku zentlalo karhulumente - yi (ngokubanzi) imele ezobuRhulumente leyo sisiphumo sophuhliso lwentlalo. Noko ke, ngengqiqo exineneyo, le isakhiwo amandla inemisebenzi ethile kwaye iimpawu ezithile.

karhulumente ntle likhona kwaye isebenza ngokunxulumene olusondeleyo ngezenzeko ezinjalo ebomini karhulumente, njengoko nemibutho yoluntu, idemokhrasi, ukulingana, inkululeko, ekunene.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ingcamango wokusungula isakhiwo onjalo kwavela-19 - kwinkulungwane yama-20. Ukuvela le ngcamango yaba sisiphumo iinkqubo Injongo kubomi bentlalo noqoqosho kuluntu. Kulo mzekelo, imigaqo esisiseko - ukulingana nenkululeko - kwezo iimeko weza ungquzulwano kunye nabanye.

Kuthiwa oko kwasekwa iindlela ezimbini ukuya ubuhlobo inkululeko ukulingana eluntwini.

Ezifana mizobo Mill, Smith, Locke, rhoqo, kunye nabanye wasivuna imfundiso ngamnye inkululeko yabantu. Kulo mzekelo, urhulumente ntle yaba ukukhusela le nkululeko evela naluphi na uphazamiseko, kuquka urhulumente ngokwayo. Ngelo xesha, ezi nkokeli baqonde ukuba isiphelo siza kufika ukungalingani, Noko ke, ingqalelo inkululeko njengoko inani eliphezulu.

Ngokutsho kwenye indlela, leyo wathi Rousseau, sonke kufuneka bathobele umgaqo ukulingana wokulondoloza imilinganiselo inkululeko.

Umgaqo wenkululeko negalelo ekukhululweni inyathelo kunye nephulo yabantu, ukuphuhliswa kwamashishini abucala, ubudlelwane emarikeni. Ngoko ke, lo gama sekomelezeni amathuba kwezoqoqosho kumazwe yongxowankulu, inkululeko ngamnye waba isiseko kwezoqoqosho.

Nangona kunjalo, lo mhlaba waqalisa kwicandelo yoluntu, nokwehlukana yayo kwinkqubo ukuqokelela ubutyebi kunye nophuhliso ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, nto leyo umnwe dubulo lwentlalo. Phantsi kwezi meko, oko kwakufuneka utshintsho ukusuka inkululeko ukuseka ukulingana. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba ibe kwimeko yentlalo baqalisa ukuba angenelele inxaxheba kubomi kwezentlalo noqoqosho labemi.

Emva koko, ingcamango yokudala isakhiwo esitsha amandla ukufumana ingqalelo ngakumbi. karhulumente ntle ngafakwa ayo, kunye nomgangatho kunye nemisebenzi yayo kube belubonakalisiwe kwi siseko zamazwe mihla.

Lo mbutho yokuqala yamandla enjengale kwasekwa eJamani. Xa elithile okanye kwelinye imigaqo karhulumente yezentlalo ziboniswe kwi-siseko ka-Portugal, Italy, eFransi, eSpeyin, Turkey kunye namanye amazwe.

Kubaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso ABRSM, kwakunye nemiqathango ingcamango ukuyilwa kwalo mbutho kwamandla iye yaba imfundiso Keynes. Ngenxa yempembelelo iimbono ngezoqoqosho British owasungula nembono yelizwe, ukuqinisekisa impumelelo jikelele.

Abaphandi qaphela ukuba iza ukuqina ukuba izimvo nokuguqulela ibe kubomi beli lizwe West kwaba ukubunjwa kwenkqubo eSoviet. Yena rhoqo walanda siseko zazo kunye nezinye izenzo zomthetho yeekhosi zokuqhelaniswa nezifundo zentlalo-nkqubo yayo.

Nangona i-Declaration yezopolitiko wakhuthaza imfundiso Socialism ukunqongophala yokwenene oluntu, idemokhrasi, amalungelo, inkululeko, ukulingana, ngokutsho abaphandi, akukho bemkhanyela uMnini-phambili ngokwenene entsimini nkqubo karhulumente zamazwe yali.

Ngokutsho ababhali abaninzi, ukuyilwa karhulumente yezentlalo kunokwenzeka kuphela kwindawo wentando yesininzi, kunye nenkqubo yombutho ngamandla kufuneka kube semthethweni (ngengqiqo mihla umgangatho). Namhlanje, njengoko iingcali uqaphele, inkqubo ukuyilwa kwalo Isakhiwo kuphela kwezopolitiko nezoqoqosho kodwa yokuziphatha.