Iintlobo ngaphantsi yesalamane amagama namabinzana

Amabinza nezivakalisi - lwesivakalisi ziquka inkqubo eluqilima naluphi na ulwimi. iimpawu zolwakhiwo kunye olusebenzayo izayamaniso amagama nezivakalisi ukufunda zombuzo - enye macandelo negrama.

Yintoni na ibinzana isigwebo? Ibinzana - ukuba amagama amabini okanye ngaphezulu kakhulu, ulwalamano kwii of ngaphantsi. Inikela efanayo - kunzima unit ulwimi, umsebenzi ogama main ngokunxibelelana, imvakalozwi ngoko, ihlanganiswe yaye uhlobo oluthile imo kunye nexesha. amagama athile kwisivakalisi ubudlelwane ethile lwesemantiki phakathi kwabo, apho, enyanisweni, iquka umsebenzi ngokunxibelelana, esemantiki. Amakhonkco ezinjalo kuthiwa syntax. Nabo ke, ukuba yahlulwe lo coordinative naphantsi. Iziphakamiso ihlangabezane ezimbini iintlobo zonxibelelwano, kwi ibinzana - kuphela enye - subordinative (njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla).

uqhagamshelo ilawulwe ku namabinzana

Isihloko kanye "subordinative 'wazilanda ngokucacileyo undoqo le ngokunxulumene lwegrama, apho amagama amabini kusoloko abanezikhundla ezahlukeneyo: omnye wenza njengoko inkosi kunye nezinye - luxhomekeke, phantsi kuye, kunye neempawu zayo lwegrama (number, ityala kunye nesini) ukuba zingqinelane ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokungaphelelanga kwaye achonge ngayo igama eliyinhloko. Kuxhomekeka iqondo ngaphantsi amagama aphambili zasesekondari, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ngaphantsi ngokuphathelene.

isivumelwano

iimpawu zegrama amagama axhomekeke kolu hlobo umxholo syntactic engqinelanayo ngokupheleleyo kwaye lebyi sizimisele ilizwi ikakhulu. Umzekelo: ilitye intyantyambo, elikhulu komzi (igama. Inc., M. P., Mhl. H.), kagesi, yegolide komzi (pl. H., eGameni. Inc.), A lot of entle yabantu (azale. Inc., pl. h.). Ngaphezu koko, ukuba igama isitshixo sitshintsha indlela yaso zegrama, litshintsha ngokufanelekileyo kwaye eli khoboka. Umzekelo, kwegqabi ekwindla (igama. P.), Autumn amagqabi (umzali. P.), Autumn igqabi (kudala. P.), njl

Njengecandelo abaxhomekeke isivumelwano amabinzana bangenza iindawo obahlukileyo intetho - iziphawuli (ilokhwe entle), uMthendeleko (Bouncing ibhola), amanani olandelelwano (udidi lwesibini), amanani ukhadinali (amagumbi amabini). Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba ezi ntlobo ngaphantsi ngokunxulumene njengoko ukuvumelana, ezingenakwenzeka izenzi, izihlomelo, igrafu nemizobo, ie izigaba zentetho, musa ukuba naluphi na uhlobo, okanye inombolo, okanye ukufa. Noun kwakhona ekuvumelaneni basoloko besenza kuphela nje onefuthe, amagama ezingundoqo kuyo nayiphi na imeko ayikwazi kuxhomekeka, kuba akukho kwahluka ngokwesini.

Ibinzana abafanayo phakathi kwamalungu ayo abe ukufanisa ngokupheleleyo zonke iimpawu zegrama, okanye inxenye yazo, xa ukuqondana yenzeka ngeendlela enye okanye ezimbini. Umzekelo: Flying umDatshi, ukukhanya okubomvu (ukuvumelana ngokupheleleyo), ngunoposi yethu (anga).

Ezi ndidi zilandelayo ngaphantsi ngokunxulumene kweli binzana zisekelwe neminye imigaqo yegrama.

ulawulo

Kulawulo ngelizwi owayamileyo ubekwa kwimeko elibhalwe ngokumileyo kunye okanye ngaphandle ibhaxa, nto leyo kumiselwa ixabiso lwesemantiki component oyintloko kweli binzana. Umzekelo: ubaleke ujikeleza igumbi (igama kuxhomekeke "kwi gumbi" ise kwimeko Izithetha ntonye), ukubukela imovie (igama kuxhomekeke "film" umi wesenzo), ndadibana nabantu umdla (ablative kunye isalathandawo). Kumele kuqatshelwe ukuba ngokuchaseneyo kudityaniso yolawulo xa indlela engundoqo amazwi kokuxhomekeka akatshintshi. Umzekelo: ukuba bacule ingoma - becula ingoma - ukucula ingoma - bacule ingoma.

Kulawulo njengoko amazwi eziphambili abanokusebenza izenzi, izibizo okanye nezihlomelo. Ezi ntlobo zonxibelelwano zibizwa ngokuba ngaphantsi priglagolnym, priimennym okanye ulawulo prinarechnym. Umzekelo: ukufunda umbongo, isitya isuphu, yedwa wonke. Management kuba ntonye (kunye isalathandawo) okanye bespredlozhnym womelele xa ifomu lungelelanisa kwaye ngokwegrama yelizwi ephambili ngokuyimfuneko kuthetha kufutshane okwicandelwana oxhomekeke (umzekelo, ukunyaniseka kubahlobo, wathumela incwadi), okanye babuthathaka, xa ulwalamano onjalo usuka (umz : incwadi emvulophini, ivazi phezu kwetafile).

Junction

Iintlobo uxhulumaniso subordinating amagama apho ilizwi imiselwa ixhomekeke kuphela kwixabiso basic kwisemantiki, ebizwa adjacently. Apha igama owayamileyo kunokuba gerund sisihlomelo (ukufunda ngokukhawuleza) (kwenziwa ngokungakhathali), i isichazi lothelekiso okanye isihlomelo (uboya anoboya, ulilahle kude), esoqobo (egumbini lakhe).

Indlela ukumisela iindidi ngaphantsi ngokuphathelene

Ukuseta uhlobo ekunene wombane, kufuneka kuqala ukufumanisa inkosi ikhoboka amagama izigaba zentetho yecandelo oxhomekeke. inxalenye engaguquki yokuthetha ababandakanyekayo abutment. Ukuba utshintsha igama esisiseko utshintsha iimpawu zayo lwegrama kunye ophantsi, ngoko esi sivumelwano. Ekugqibeleni, lo mbuzo kufuneka wamcela engundoqo kwindlela abaxhomekeke yaye ukuba lo mbuzo inxulumene nayiphi na imeko elibhalwe ngokumileyo, oko nolawulo.