I-Anglo-Saxon inkqubo yezomthetho, imbali yayo kunye nezinye iimpawu

I-Anglo-Saxon inkqubo yomthetho - iseti kwemimiselo yezomthetho kwaye ubudlelwane phakathi kwabo, ethile UK, USA, Australia kunye nezinye iindawo ukuba nifudula yinxalenye yoBukhosi British. Oku kusengenziwa ngokuba inkqubo Anglo-American okanye usapho ngokusemthethweni. Eyona engundoqo amalungiselelo yale isixhobo zomthetho eqalisiweyo kumaXesha Aphakathi. Kukholelwa ukuba le nkqubo livela kwi Norman ukoyisa yaseNgilani emva Idabi Hastings ngo1066. Emva koko, njengoko kulo lonke elaseYurophu, ilungelo komthetho kakumkani okanye ezinye Royals. Ekubeni iinkundla ikomkhulu eli lizwe oyisa ukumkani, kwaye Normans zashiya umyalelo omdala, izigqibo kwezi nkundla baba malungiselelo ukuba wathabatha semthethweni.

Ngoko ke kwimeko apho ingqalelo kwimeko ethile umgwebi basebukhosini yenza isigqibo zize ziqulunqe imigaqo leyo guided ekufikeleleni isigwebo sayo. Kaninzi, ijaji wasebenzisa amasiko ezikhoyo ngaphandle nayiphi sikhokelo esemthethweni. Ezi izisombululo kwaziswa ulwazi zonke ezinye iinkundla kurhulumente, yaye zikhokelwe imithetho efanayo, ukuthatha amacala ezifanayo izigqibo ezinjalo. Olu hlobo mthombo ilungelo ibizwa umzekelo, okt isampuli imithetho ekufuneka ibattery iimeko ezifanayo. I-Anglo-Saxon inkqubo yezomthetho luphawulwa yi kukuba umthetho walo inani elikhulu izandulela.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ekuweni kwenkqubo feudal koqoqosho kunye nokukhula izixeko kunye noohlohlesakhe, enza uhlobo olunye yomthetho, xa Tshansela uKumkani imigaqo yomgaqo-nkqubo ecacileyo ukusombulula iingxabano, apho bengabamangali wabhenela kumkani. Olu hlobo amagunya okuwisa kuthiwa ilungelo okusesikweni, njengoko kuthelekiswa iseti esisiseko icala komthetho (Umthetho oqhelekileyo). Sinokuthi ukuba i Anglo-Saxon inkqubo yomthetho kudala wathwala umlinganiswa dualistic, ngokuba izigqibo omabini amasebe ezisemthethweni abhalwe ngokwahlukeneyo kwaye abe nobukhulu obahlukeneyo.

Xa kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XIX, kweli lizwe kwakukho utshintsho egwebayo, zombini Code kukuba kusetyenziswa umzekelo kwi umthombo regulatory, siye sibe sinye. Ukuza kuthi ga kule mini esikweni ukuba umthetho ngokusekelwe nezigwebo ngundoqo kwi-UK, yaye phezu kwaso uphumle inkqubo yezomthetho iphela uluntu. Ngokungafaniyo kumthetho wembambano, imithetho ezinjalo elastic ngakumbi yaye ngaphantsi monolithic, kodwa kwelinye icala ukuvumela ukutyhilwa ngokubanzi ngokwaneleyo, kunye nendima enkulu nokunyanzelwa kwawo bobabo iingongoma zenkqubo. Ekubeni abaninzi nemiqathango yomthetho wamaRoma alukafakwa kwi "siqithi" iseti nemimiselo yomthetho, ukuphuhlisa ngokwawo, iyantlukwano phakathi umthetho karhulumente kunye nawabucala ukuba naye engekho.

Inkqubo yomthetho yaseNgilani babengamazi kwaye akwaziyo Iikhowudi voluminous, ngokuqhelekileyo eseleyo Europe. Nangona kweli hlabathi, ilungelo yahlulahlulwe iintlobo ezithile, nokuba isenzo okanye ithiyori, ezi ngobuntshatsheli musa baqhoboshele ukubaluleka kakhulu. Zonke iinkundla kweli lizwe abe kolawulo ekwabelwana, kwaye inkundla efanayo ingaphatha amatyala embambano, mthetho, umthetho yezolawulo, nomthetho commercial, njalo-njalo. Le sabaphathi isixhobo yowiso ayisekho amatyala ukusetyenziswa phakathi imithetho, naphakathi kwaye siyabophelela angaphambili kuxhomekeke koko umgangatho enkundleni isivumela. izigqibo Higher Kunyanzeleke amkelwa yiNdlu yeeNkosi ePhakamileyo yeziBheno, kunye neeNkundla High.

I-Anglo-Saxon inkqubo yomthetho likuvumela ukuba utshintshe umzekelo yamkelwa ngaphambili, kodwa ke oku kufuna isigqibo wenkundla ephakamileyo okanye ePalamente. Kodwa iimeko ezinjalo yimiyalezo kakhulu, ngakumbi ukuba kunqabile ukufumana izinto, ezifana amathontsi ezimbini amanzi efana nenye. Ngoko ke, ukuba ngabagwebi bakholelwa ukuba wakukhangela weebhere umcimbi zifana nayiphi na enye indlela, ngoko ke banako ukuba ababhali imithetho emitsha. Kule hlobo kummiselo nesigunyaziso amagunya abagwebi mikhulu kakhulu. Noko ke, ukulawula komthetho obizwa ngokuba ngokomthetho, eliquka imithetho kunye nemigaqo eyamkelwe yiPalamente (kuyaziwa ukuba nyaka ngamnye luvunyiwe kweshumi kula maxwebhu ezinye ezisibhozo). Kutshanje, olu hlobo izixhobo zomthetho udlala kwi "kwisiqithi" inkqubo yomthetho elinyusayo indima.