Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich: engobomi, impumelelo kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Bala uMikhail Vorontsov Illarionovich - uzowenza Russian, onyanzelekileyo ukuba ngokobuhlanga Inzuzo yakhe Vorontsov. Waba enye abanokuzityand abasenyongweni Peter III ne eBhayi. Ngowe-1741 waba lilungu ubhedu ebhotwe. Wasebenza njengoko Chancellor kunye Vice-Chancellor yoBukhosi baseRashiya. Namhlanje sithatha sihlolisise into ubuntu obalaseleyo Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich. Biography, iinyaniso zobomi, iindlela zomsebenzi kunye nokuhlola ababephila kuya kusinceda kulo.

Esakhula

Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich wazalwa ngoJulayi 12, 1714 kwintsapho abanini ezincinane, umnini ezimakhulu mabini abalimi. Xa elivisayo, wafumana imfundo elungileyo ekhaya, nto leyo eyamnceda esele elinesine ukuba abe iphepha. Kwiminyaka emibini emva koko, wazala iikhamera Vorontsov-pazhem. Kwaye ngo 1735 yena igama Gentleman igumbi lokulala kwinkundla Elizabeth. Kungekudala Vorontsov waba unobhala wayo. Ukuqeshwa lokugqibela yaba uMikhail Kutuzov isiganeko sibi.

trust

Kuyo yonke inkonzo Vorontsov, wayekuthanda ukuzithemba ngokupheleleyo ka Elizabeth. Waba nokuba lwalo ukuya iyelenqe nxamnye Anna Leopoldovna ubuqili. kwiintsuku ezintlanu emva kokuba ngempumelelo ubhedu d'AFP kwenzeka, Mihaila Illarionovicha pha lakumathenwa yokwenene, yaye yanikwa kuye elikwinqanaba jikelele enkulu.

ukukhula career

UMikhail Vorontsov echaphazela nkqubo lasemzini izigqibo, ngoko wafikelela ingqalelo abameli zeenkundla kwamanye amazwe. Frederick II Vorontsov wawongwa Order of the Black Eagle, Agasti wesithathu - Order of the White Eagle, yaye ngowe-1744 wanyuselwa isidima Count ngayo uBukhosi baseRoma. Malunga nexesha elifanayo isihloko efanayo, kwaye Kutuzov ekhaya. Ukongeza, kwindawo enye 1744 Count Vorontsov wamiselwa Vice-Chancellor, waza wafumana itayitile lebhunga karhulumente. Noko ke, njengoko kusitshiwo yi abaninzi ababephila ngexesha lakhe, waba iitalente ezibalaseleyo.

Ngowe-1746, phantsi kwe benze "ukuphucula impilo" igrafu kwiminyaka emibini waya uhambo ngenkani kumazwe aseYurophu: Germany, France, Italy kunye Netherlands. Bebuya nohambo, waye wajoyina i-Vice-Chancellor. Ngowe-1751 Vorontsov "ngenyameko ngenxa ukuze kuxhamle iLizwe loobawo" wawongwa Order of St. noAndreya, lowo ingqalelo le mbasa iphezulu Russian. Vorontsov nje kwiminyaka embalwa ikwazile Mabanganyelisi emehlweni Elizabeth utshaba lwakhe ngcolile nembangi - Count Bestuzhev-Ryumin, abalungiselelayo isithuba Chancellor. Xa yokugqibela wehla waya, iphupha baziswa oyinyaniso Vorontsov - waba yingqonyela.

Utshintsho kwamandla

Ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe ngokufutshane Peter III Vorontsov Kutuzov bafumana ubabalo ekhethekileyo lombuso. Kodwa ke kokufika kwitrone uCatherine II ndamangaliswa, nkqu yokuba igrafu iye yabamba izikhundla Chancellor ubuncinane okwethutyana. Isibakala sokuba ngokwenene uCatherine II nyanya Vorontsov. Isizathu waba nokuzinikela kwabo kuPetros III.

Njengoko Yey e Elizabeth noPetros III, Vorontsov wahlala ubuhlobo Austria nxamnye eTurkey, babesebenza ukuhlangabezana of Russia noFrederick II ayaziwa prussofilom. Kwakhona Mihail Illarionovich Vorontsov yaba nxaxheba inkqubo awugqibe ama kwi kut- a umfelandawonye ngoyaba phakathi eRashiya naseSweden. Ngowe-1760, hayi ngaphandle inxaxheba Russia wazimanya imbali French-Austria, kunye Prussia asayina isivumelwano yoxolo ongunaphakade kwiminyaka emibini.

Phambi kokuba uthathe isifungo uKumkanikazi entsha, i-Chancellor wabuza naye ukugxothwa zobabalo nguTshansila kunye nokukhululwa zonke iimeko. lakomkhulu abanamava wayesazi kakuhle ukuba abo Ongafungiyo ukuba uKumkanikazi akunjalo, eyafanela ukuba nasiphi na isikhundla eburhulumenteni. UCatherine II wala akuyomfuneko Vorontsova yemisebenzi, kodwa ixesha elide.

inkonzo oluqhubekayo

Xa uCatherine II waya ibekwa e Moscow, Vorontsov wahamba naye, kunye nezinye izidwangube. Ukubuyela eSt Petersburg, waqala ukwenza inxaxheba kwimicimbi zaseYurophu, waza waba nomdla neentlobano Russia kunye eMpuma, ingakumbi e-Turkey. Liye utsale elide ingqalelo Count. Emva ngo-1744, xa Vorontsov wafumanisa ukuba abalawuli Ottoman bachase ngokuphandle ukwamkelwa oonozakuzaku Russian e Tauris, wayalela ukuba Istanbul umhlali Neplyuev nayiphi na indlela ukuphumeza amalungelo Russia eya unozakuzaku eCrimea, enyanisweni nkqu eFransi, ibekwe kude kangakanani ukusuka usingasiqithi, kakade waba ilungelo. Kodwa ke Turks, ngaphandle ukucinga kabini, ndiwulahle lo siphakamiso. Ngokutsho kabi Neplyuev, kule nkomfa solungiselelo Istanbul kwizivakalisi ezilula abazange bayifumane.

isimo iCrimea

Imeko ekusingasiqithi iye yabangela kudala inkxalabo ukuya eSt Petersburg enkundleni. Kwenye incwadi ezingeniswe uCatherine II ekuqaleni kobukumkani bakhe, i-Chancellor wagxininisa ukuba eTurkey, phakathi kwezinye izinto, zinokubangela umonakalo eRashiya emva khans iCrimea. "Ingqibelelo Ottoman nasePorte ixhomekeke imisebenzi yalo yomkhosi kunye nezenzo eyomeleza umzimba wayo zezopolitiko eseleyo eyandisiweyo kuziwa komzimba, nto leyo inokukhokelela intshabalalo," - wathi uMikhail Vorontsov. Grand Chancellor tye malunga eCrimea kunye neenjongo sabaphathi Turkish, kodwa ukuqonda oku kuphela emva kweminyaka emibini. Earl waba ngowokuqala wayekwazi iinkcukacha zokuzigwebela imfuno nokudliwa Russian ka eCrimea ku bukhosi.

Le kunyango lodidi lwesibini

Emva konyaka, emva kolawulo uCatherine II Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich waqonda ukuba lenkundla baqalisa ukuba umphatha ukungavisisani undisguised. Kule meko langoku, wagqiba ukwenza ziyafana 1746 - uhambo ukuze achache. August 4, 1763 iNdlu Yeengwevu wafumana umthetho, leyo wathi into efana: "I-Chancellor Vorontsov yazisa ukuba impilo buthathaka wayengasakwazi ukukuthwala imisebenzi yesikhundla sakhe, ukuba abalisebenzisi utshintsho umoya kwaye ephilisa amanzi, ngokuba ucela ukuba kuchithwe kuye ubuncinane iminyaka emibini kumazwe asemzini. " Ngenxa yoko, uCatherine II wanika ikhefu count ne-ofisi yakhe.

Kamsinya nje Count ukuphuma eSt Petersburg, kwi College of Foreign Affairs nangoko Bala Panin - namava laso, ngubani wayalelwa ukuba ngomnye bahlobo ezininzi ukuyicokisa uKumkanikazi. Oktobha 7 uCatherine II isalelo sokuqeshwa kwisikhundla sokuba Panin pervoprisutstvuyuschim College of Foreign Affairs. Salelo ngokunxulumene "nebeztrudnymi" iimeko uKumkanikazi wabona kungcono xa kungekho Chancellor Vorontsov isigxina Panin imveliso College of Foreign Affairs lowu.

Emva kokufunda kokutyunjwa Panin, Earl wagqiba kwelokuba abuyele ngokukhawuleza kwikomkhulu Northern. UKumkanikazi ukuphendula kulo ezosulela Prince Golitsyn ukuze kwakhe kwi-Chancellor ukuba zingathumeli amatyala abo kuMnu Panin. Enyanisweni, oko kwakuthetha ukuba lixesha lokuba yokurhoxa Chancellor. July 29, 1765 Mihail Illarionov Vorontsov wafumana njengembuyekezo wamawaka 50 engange.

Neziphumo zemisebenzi

Ekubeni Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich akazange abuyele yokubonisana. Njengokuba kamva wathi n Dashkova - igrafu nomtshana bunokulolongeka - kwikomkhulu Russian, yonke into lwenziwa yi ngokuthanda Catherine II nezicola noMnu Panin. Le grafu efanayo kakhulu eshwankathela imisebenzi yayo njengoko Chancellor, wathi ukuba le meko encane zemali, wabona umahluko phakathi onyanisekileyo, chancellorship lokungazingci nangethuba esisityebi kwindawo enye.

Ngelo xesha, uKumkanikazi yathandabuza malunga "akanamdla" kunye "ukulunga" Vorontsov. Nangona antipathy lobuqu, waba nobubele kuye, wamnika ezilalini kunye neefektri. Kunjalo Vorontsov rhoqo eyenziwa imfuneko yakhe imali. Wacela inkxaso-mali karhulumente, imali yokuhlawula amatyala yaye onke amalungelo ivumele kuphela ofisi yakhe.

Ukwenzela ukuhlawula iindleko ukwakhiwa iingxande, yena wenza ishishini eyingozi kakhulu, kubandakanywa wahlola okuziinkozo, utyalo-mali lwangaphandle. Ngowe-1757, Vorontsov libambisene njengeGqwetha-Jikelele Glebov kwaye Bala Shuvalov wabafunela ilungelo Ikhefu flaxseed evela Arkhangelsk kunye Onega namachweba. Noko ke, kule grafu lweshishini akuphumelelanga. Ekugqibeleni ke Kwanyanzeleka ukuba athengise ebuncwaneni ebhotwe engagqitywanga, eyamisa emijelweni Sadovaya Street, kwaye anike umnini-mhlaba Fitingof Marienburg.

Mihail Illarionovich Vorontsov nomdla kwinzululwazi. Phesheya, wayebhala ezininzi iincwadi baye bakhonza ekuqaleni kwithala Vorontsov kaHomer. Phakathi iimpapasho yaqulunqwa Earl, imisebenzi abaninzi baye imibhalo. Umzekelo, Bala Bruhl - Saxon balungiselele, owayesebenza kwinkundla Northern Capital, bammisa uMikhail Illarionovich edition zodidi kushicilelwa of igalari yakhe art kowabo. Vorontsov wasindiswa ngenxa kwinani lwamaxwebhu ebalulekileyo, yaye kamva ifakiwe zokugcina yakhe edumileyo, apapashwa ngohlobo iincwadi Bartenev mane.

Enye ngezibakala inomdla kakhulu biography of Vorontsov na ubuhlobo bakhe Mihailom Lomonosovym. Le Isazinzulu liye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wacela igrafu "ukubaluleka yeCawa ewolo." Kutuzov, nayo, wabonisa umdla onyanisekileyo Scientist zophando zenzululwazi yaye uxhase kuye. NgoMatshi 1753, kwileta eya Vorontsov, Lomonosov wathi ukhumbula igrafu njenge "wokwenene kayise." Kamva, imali count okwamiswa ilitye lesikhumbuzo ibhastile engcwabeni zezenzululwazi.

domesticity

Ngowe-1722, Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich watshata Anna Karlovna Skavronskaya - umzala Elizabeth. Laba wayenabantwana abane, abathathu kubo akazange aphile ngonyaka. Kwi-Chancellor akabanga iindlalifa amadoda ngqo, kodwa ngenxa abazalwana akuphelelanga uhlobo ibali. Kutuzov waba bazalwana ababini, amaRoma Ivan.

ubuntu Uphawu

Ngenxa laseburhulumenteni ngempumelelo, Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich kule ncwadi umlando iimvavanyo iphikisana kakhulu. Ngokutsho K. Waliszewski, ngokungathi oko kuvakala ngamazwi, waba 'wonakele, kodwa ngengqiqo kusekho umntu onyanisekileyo. " Manstein wayekholelwa Bala italente akafundanga, ulihlwempu. UKumkanikazi uCatherine II, akazange akhalaze ze igrafu, ochazwa idilesi yakhe kunokuba ngokucacile. Ngokutsho kwakhe, iyintendelezo egumbini lentendelezo lasemzini, apho akayi yayiza emi phezu payroll.

Isilumkiso yaye sizibambe Vorontsov wayengekho ukuba bawuzame. eziziphatha angaphandle iminyaka babemlindile ukuphendula ngamandla, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo lilize. Yena Kuyakhuthaza bonke, kodwa zange azityhile iinjongo zakhe oyinyaniso. Ngokutsho kwabo babukeleyo abaninzi bezinye iintlanga, Vorontsov Wayebetha indima wekhusi egubungele abazalwana Shuvalov. Yena, ukuba enembeko afunda ngaphezu Shuvalov, kokufanelekileyo ukuba "lokutshintshiselana imbeko kunye makhumsha."

kwiminyaka yakutshanje

Ekubeni Vorontsov uMikhail Kutuzov, biography egama ndaba kwakhona wethu, wagxothwa inkonzo karhulumente, wazinza eMoscow. In efanayo kaFebruwari 15, 1767 Count wafa. Nokokuba wangcwatywa ecaleni zihlobo loonongendi kwi Vozdvizhenka. Ngowe-1934, woonongendi sachithwa. intombi Vorontsov yakhe basinda kuye iminyaka emibini kuphela. Ekubeni kungekho bantwana, Count ilifa yahlulwa phakathi kwabazalwana bakhe. Ezo biography apha umdla engaqhelekanga edume Chancellor kwafuneka - Vorontsov Mihail Illarionovich. Wobala iminyaka yobomi: 1714-1767.