Umthombo iVolga lomlambo. Uququzelelo yomthombo iVolga lomlambo

Ngomhla kummandla weRashiya, kwinxalenye yaseYurophu kuthatha uhambisa elinye imilambo ngobukhulu emhlabeni. IVolga ithathwa le inkulu eYurophu. ubude bayo - ngaphezulu kwe-3.5 ophosa (phambi kokuba ukwakhiwa amadama -. malunga 3.7 amawaka). Pool umlambo zolwelo ine indawo 1360 macala onke. M. km. Uphi na umthombo koMlambo iVolga? Yintoni na le yinxalenye amanzi? Kule nezinye kamva kweli nqaku.

History of igama

Xa imibhalo ababhali bamandulo, owayephila ngenkulungwane yokuqala (Ammianus Marcellinus kunye Klavdiya Ptolemeya ingakumbi), iVolga wayesaziwa "Ra". KumaXesha Aphakathi ukuhamba kwamanzi iye yaziwa ngokuba "Itil". Ngokutsho kuguqulelo mnye, igama yanamhlanje iVolga River ezifunyenweyo egameni lomnye lokuhamba yamandulo Mari amanzi Volgydo ( "ukukhanya").

Kukho iinketho ezininzi. Ngokutsho kuguqulelo omnye, lo gama livela kwigama Finno-Ugric "Valkea", kuthetha "eliqaqambileyo" okanye "white". Ngokutsho komnye ngobuwena, igama lomlambo iVolga uye iingcambu Bulgarian kwaye ivela "Bulga" - igama, inxulunyaniswa abaphila neebhanki zezizwe. Ngelo xesha linye bona iVolga Bulgarians zisebenzisa igama elithi "Itil". Noko ke, abanye ababhali bathi intsingiselo yegama (Itil kunye iVolga) abazange ungqamane mihla. Kulo mba, uguqulelo mhlawumbi nguye ukuba imvelaphi igama "iVolga" livela Proto-Slavic "vologa-ezimanzi-manzi". Ngenxa yoko, igama iphathwa njenge "amanzi" okanye "amanzi enkulu" (kwi ukuhamba scale). Sivune imvelaphi Slavic ithetha phambi komlambo Wilga Poland kunye Czech Republic - Vlga.

ulwazi jikelele

Isitya phantse isahlulo sesithathu isahlulo yaseYurophu eRashiya. It kudlulela ngasentshonalanga Central kwaye i Valdai Hills ukuya Urals empumalanga. Main kwezindawo indawo feed isahlulo ukusuka kumthombo ukuya Kazan kunye N. Novgorod elime kule ehlathini, (phakathi) inxalenye engundoqo (ukuya Saratov kunye Samara) - xa emathafeni kunye part- esezantsi kwiindawo emathafeni (to Volgograd). amacandelo Southern sele kwindawo nezo zibuntlangorha. Yamkela ukwahlulwa lokuhamba kwamanzi ube zahlulo zithathu. Indawo ukusuka kumthombo ukuya umlomo umlambo Oka - engasentla iVolga, ukusuka ekudibaneni Oka River ukuya umlomo Kama - Umyinge ukusuka ekudibaneni Kama ukuya emlonyeni - iVolga Lower.

Qala of course

Uququzelelo yomthombo iVolga lomlambo: 57 ° 15`07`` kunye. w. kwaye 32 ° 28`24``. d. Imvelaphi elalini kuthatha phezu Volgoverkhovye. Umthombo iVolga - njengesihlambo ecocekileyo owawuphuma le kumgxobhozo. Ivela apha iqala ukuya flow ukuhamba kwamanzi likhulu inxalenye yaseYurophu eRashiya. Kwindawo apho umthombo iVolga River, wakha phezu, indlu ngamaplanga. Umgangatho Wanqumla iziko omncinane "window". Kubhaliwe ibekwe ngasentla ngqo kanye umthombo, kwaye nokuba nelokukha amanzi kulo.

incazelo

Umthombo iVolga umlambo liphuma ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle ukuya kwiimitha ezili-229. Kweli nqanaba ukucwangcisa itempile. Kwakhona ibekwe apha, yaye ibhulorho yokuqala. Ubude le "zibuko" - eziimitha ezintathu. Ukuba emthonjeni, ungenza ngokulula ukuwelela kwenye ngaseludinini omkhulu iVolga River phezu kwezinye. Le ilandelayo ke ukususela ekuqaleni khosi edamini lokuqala. Yakhiwa kwenkulungwane yama-20, le nunnery ke sokubambela. A kancinane ongaphezu kweekhilomitha ezintathu, umfula ugeleza kwi-Small Verkhita (semibhobho amachibi), yaye emva koko - kwi-Big Verkhita. Eminye iikhilomitha ezisibhozo umlambo zolwelo kuya kumpompoza echibini. Sterzh. River kunye mandla udlula edikeni kwaye mix nayo. Bendawo bathi ngosuku ecacileyo unako nokuba ubone lokuphumelela amanzi indlela ngokusebenzisa kumphezulu Sterzh.

indawo ephezulu

Kufuneka wathi umthombo umlambo iVolga akazange ayahlukanga chibi. Ngowe-1843, unyaka phezu kwisiza kwedama yakhiwa emva amachibi Upper iVolga. Verhnevolzhskiy beyshlot kujongwe ukugcina kubunzulu iinqanawa emanzini eliphantsi kunye nokulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi.

Yokuqala ekwahlala enkulu yomthombo iVolga yi Rzhev. Phakathi Rybinsk and yaseTver wadala amadama ezininzi: Ivankovskoe (eyaziwa ngokuba luLwandle Moscow) kunye HPP kunye Idama Dubna, Uglich kunye Rybinsk. Eli candelo ukususela Ribinsk ukuya Yaroslavl ngakumbi ngezantsi Kostroma, flow mlambo udlula kwintlambo elimxinwa phakathi kwiibhanki eziphakamileyo. Apha, kumfula amanzi yekhampasi Gallychyna-Chuhlomskuyu kunye Uglichskaya Danilov induli.

Okulandelayo, umfula ugeleza ecaleni kumathafa Balakhninskye Unzhensky. Kancinci ephakamileyo Gorodets Nizhny Novgorod for izahlulelo off edamini. Kulo station umlambo Iifomu Nizhegorodskoye ndawo. Imijelo phezulu inkulu ukuhamba kwamanzi zithathwa Unzha, Kotorosl, Sheksna, Mologa Tvertsa, kunye Nadir Selizharovka. Ezantsi ungabona efotweni, yintoni umthombo komlambo iVolga kwimaphu.

Phakathi kunye izabelo asezantsi

Kodonga lasekhohlo ezisezantsi zogqunyelelwe, ekunene - phezulu. Hayi kwakhiwa kude Cheboksary Cheboksary isityalo amandla. I-flow avareji, emazantsi ekudibaneni kwe-Oka umlambo uba elifumileyo for iVolga. umsinga Amanzi aqukuqela ecaleni umda osemantla iVolga Uplands. Phezu sifika phakathi nemingenela ezinkulu zithathwa Sviyaga, Vetluga, Sura kunye Oka. Emva ekudibaneni Kama iVolga uba umlambo enamandla. Apha, kwimimandla esezantsi, edamini ibekwe lombane Zhiguli, kwaye ezingasentla ichibi Kuibyshev. Kufuphi nedolophu Balakovo, Saratov idama ngamanzi yakhiwe.

Umthombo iVolga lomlambo. izinto

Hayi kude ukusuka kwindawo apho iqala ukuba flow, indawo ibandla zelo loonongendi. Umthombo iVolga umlambo kwakhona ekuqaleni ukusuka endleleni eziphilayo. Abahamba indlela isebenza kwiindawo ezintle ibekwe kwi Valdai Hills.

Umthetho wokuba Alexei Mikhailovich ngowe-1649, unyaka okwendoda Volgoverkhovsky Spaso-Preobrazhensky weemonki yasungulwa. Kodwa ngokukhawuleza wawela ukungahoywa, yaye ngenkulungwane yokuqala ye-18, bonke itshiswe. Emva koko, lendela ababekhonza apho, bafudukela Nilov entlango. Isisombululo jikelele Iwabemi imizi iVolga ezikufuphi, efuna ukuqaphela ukubaluleka lowo kubo umthombo iVolga lomlambo, baqala iminikelo evela ukwakha itempile. Volgoverkhovye. Ukususela ngoko, qho ngonyaka ngoMeyi 29 umthombo iVolga umlambo omiselweyo ukuze kwisikhumbuzo kwesi siganeko. Hayi kude loqalo lwencopho ilali noRaven uye kwifama esebenzayo.

Indlela ukuya ekuqaleni kwekhosi?

Ukushiya eMoscow, esitratweni. Ostashkov Rural kufuneka ukungena, ukuba ukufikelela indlela setyhula yiya ngasekhohlo esitratweni. Guards. A kancinane phambi kokuba afikelele isikhululo, kwakhona kubonakala intshukumo setyhula, phambi apho kufuneka esitratweni. Zaslonova jika ngasekunene. Okulandelayo ufuna ukuya kuhlangana T-imilo apho ufuna ukubaleka ukuya ekhohlo ukuhamba. Emva koko kufuneka ukusuka Ostashkov nayo. Svapusche apho kufuneka abe ngumqondiso endleleni eya ajike ngasekhohlo ngakwicala d. Volgoverkhovye. Emva malunga nekhilomitha iqala indlela ubumdaka kwaye emva km 10 edikeni Sterzh. Indlela atyekela ngasekunene, ukuya emahlathini. Emva kwenye iikhilomitha ezisibhozo kude, ehamba Raven, uya kubona Volgoverkhovye.