Umkhosi wase-UAZ amabhuloho: ukuphononongwa, inkcazo, iintlobo, iimpawu kunye nokuhlaziywa

Ngokuqinisekileyo ekuthengiseni uye wabona imoto ye-UAZ, apho abanikazi beenqwelo-moya babethetha ngokuziphakamisa ngamabhanti empi, okwenza uphawu lwee ruble eziliwaka. Esi sihloko sixoxwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Abanye bathi iimoto ezinjalo zifanelekile ukunakwa, ngelixa abanye, ngokuchaseneyo, bathanda ukukhwela kwiibhuloho zomntu. Ziziphi na izinto ezahluke ngayo? Masizame ukuqonda.

Iintlobo

Iimoto ze-UAZ zisebenzisa iindlela ezimbini zokusebenzisa iindlela - kunye neyona ndlela esecaleni, kunye nokuthunyelwa kwebhodi. I- axle yokuqala (UAZ) yomkhosi ifakwe kwiimoto zokucwangciswa kwenqwelo, yesibini - kwi-cargo-passenger model 3151 (ngamanye amagama, "Bobik"). Iinkqubo eziphambili zenziwe kunye ne-U-shaped design kwaye zifakwe kunye neengqayi zekhadi. Nangona kunjalo, ukufakwa kwezinto ezinjalo kwi-car wagon configuration (efana ne "tadpole") kudinga ukuphuculwa kobugcisa obukhulu. Oku kusebenza kuyilo lokumiswa, ukukhwabanisa kwimizila, amabhuloho. Kwakhona, ukuba usebenze ngokugcwele, i-karan shaft ifutshane ngecentimeter iyadingeka. Ngokumalunga nemimandla kunye nokuhanjiswa kwebhodi, bahluke phakathi kwinqanaba eliphakathi, oko kukuthi - ukuhlukana okuncinci kwebhuloho lempi. UAZ ngeendlela ezinjalo zihluke ngenye indlela yokufaka imoto yokugqibela yokuqhuba. Akukho ziintlobo ezininzi apha. Kuphela kwintlawulelo yee-roller conical. I-UAZ, ibhuloho layo lempi libhekwa njengento eqinile, inesakhiwo esinkimbinkimbi xa kuthelekiswa ne-analog yomphakathi. Kukho umda wokulungisa phakathi kwegesi yokuqhuba kunye neendandatho ezinkulu, kunye ne-sleeves kunye ne-gaskets. Iibhereth of gears drive zifakwe kwi nut nut fixing.

I sixhobo

Zikuphi ukuthunyelwa kwebhodi ekukho? Kwizithuthi ze-UAZ-469, ezithatha amabhuloho empi emhlane, ukutshatyalaliswa ngokwayo kusekwe kwi-crankcase, apho iingxenyana zangaphandle ze-casings ze-axle zixinzelelwe kwiintamo. Izixhobo zokuqhuba ziqhutywe ekupheleni kwe-shaft, phakathi kwe-roller kunye nebhola ephethe. Olu lugxininiso lugqityiwe ngendandatho yokugcina kwi-crankcase. Kukho i-oil-reflector ekhethekileyo phakathi kwebhola ephetheyo kunye neendawo zokuhlala kweendawo. Indlela yokuhamba ixhomekeke emzimbeni kumabhontshi amabini. Isangqa sangaphakathi sokuthwala sixhomekeke kwisigxina se-usele usebenzisa isandi sokugcina. Ijeji eziqhutywe zixhomekeke kwiflethi yecala lecandelo. I-shaft eqhutywayo ixhaswa kwi-bushing kunye nokuthwala. Ngendlela, lo mva unomgca wesobunxele. Iifomthi eziqhutywayo zecala elingasemva lixhunyiwe kwi- hub yevili ngokusebenzisa amaflegi adibeneyo. Ukutshintshwa kweCarter kugxothwa kunye nomzimba wepini yepivot. Imoto yokuqhuba iqhutywe kwi-slot yekhampu eqhutywe phakathi kwee-roller ne-ball bearingings (qaphela imithwalo ye-axial ye-hinge).

Izixhobo

Kwiimoto ezifana ne-UAZ "Bukhanka", "Ifama" kunye nokuguqulwa okude kwimizekelo ye-3151, iibhuloji zaseburhulumenteni zifakwe (kubantu abaqhelekileyo "iifama ezihlangeneyo"). Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iifanethi ziphakanyiswe kwiindawo ezithile "ze-bobics". Le yimizekelo emitsha ene-index 316, 3159 kunye nokuguqulwa kwe "Bhotile", eyahlukileyo yimizila ephakamileyo. Kodwa ngenxa yesigqibo izibhanti (UAZ) umkhosi apha akulula - zixhomekeke, zinciphisa, ziguqule "ukugcina izinto".

Uwuphi umehluko phakathi komkhosi?

Okokuqala, ibhuloho enjalo ihluke kwimbutho yoluntu ngokuba ne-board-reducers. Ngenxa yale nto, imvume yemoto yanda ngamasentimitha angama-8 (oko kukuthi, ibhokisi lebhokisi lifumaneka ngaphezu komgangatho omnye). Ibini eliphambili linenani elincinci lamazinyo, kodwa likhulu. Olu qulunqo luphucula kakhulu ukunyaniseka. Umlinganiselo wee gear uhlukile. Kwiibhulorho zempi yenza ama-5,38. Kuthetha ukuthini oku? Imoto iba nzima kakhulu ukuphakamisa, kulula ukuthwala imithwalo enzima ngokwayo (okanye ngokwayo - kwikorrailer). Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ayilungiselelwe isivinini. Okubizwa kuthiwa "ifama ehlangeneyo" amabhuloho aphuthuma ngakumbi kunabo abasemkhosini. Kwaye, ke, ukungafani kukukhathalela i-cardan shaft. Ukuba ngaba amabhuloho (UAZ) umkhosi, ubude bale nqalo buyi-1 cm ubufutshane. Ngako oko, xa ubeka endaweni okanye ulungise i-shaft, kuyimfuneko ukucacisa ibhuloho leyo eyenzelwe yona. Ubungakanani besondo obuphakanyisiweyo ngu-215 nge-90 kunye nobukhulu beesentimitha ezili-15.

Izinzuzo

Ngoko, i-plus plus yokuqala iyimvume yomhlaba. Yena, ngokungafani namanqaku omphakathi, ama-30 centimeters. "Kolkhoznye" I-UAZ inemvume engama-22 ecentimeter. Isibini kunye kunye ne-torque eyandisiweyo. Oku kukhulu kunye nokuba uza kuthwala imithwalo enkulu okanye uphethe i-trailer. Ngenxa yobukhulu becala bamazinyo, abafaki ngokukhawuleza njengabantu abahlali (kubandakanyeka nebini eliphambili). Kwakhona, amabutho e-bridges (i-UAZ) ahluke ngakumbi nakwabiwo umthwalo phakathi kwebhodi kunye nokuhambisa okukhulu. Ewe, into yokugqibela yokuba umnini-bhanji onjalo uyaziqhayisa, kubakho ukungafani kwenyuka. Kuya kuqatshelwa xa uqhuba ngeendlela (eqinisweni, i-UAZ yayenzelwe yona). Ukuba umatshini unamathele ngodaka ngecala elinye, awuyi kuba ne-slippage efana namabhanti aseburhulumenteni (isondo lesobunxele lihamba kwaye ivili elingafanelekanga).

Ziya kulahlekelwa phi la mabhuloho?

Ngoku sibala iintsilelo zeli ndlela, ngenxa yokuba kukho iingxabano phakathi kwe "uazovodami." Umva wokuqala umlinganiselo ophezulu. Iibhulorho ezingekho emthethweni zikhanya, kwaye ke ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kuncinci. Kwakhona kwindlela yabo yokuyila kukho iinkcukacha ezimbalwa ezinzima, ngoko umlimi oqokelelweyo ulungiswa ngakumbi. Kwaye kunzima ukufumana izixhobo zokuzikhethela "umkhosi" (ukunciphisa efanayo ibhuloho lempi). I-UAZ kunye nebhuloho yoluntu ikhululekile ngokuqhuba nokukhawuleza. Kwakhona, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kweempawu zeempi zasemagunyeni, umsebenzi welolu hlobo uyilo. Kwakhona, unokufaka ukumiswa kwentwasahlobo kunye ne-disc brakes kubantu. Kwiibhuloho zomkhosi (UAZ-469 kuquka) ukubeka konke oku akunakwenzeka. Okumangalisayo kukuba, kodwa kwisondlo esingenakuthobeka kwindlela yoluntu. Thatha ubuncinci i-oli-ibhanti yemikhosi inani lamatye e-lubrification kakhulu.

Uphononongo

Abanye abaqhubi, ngokuphendula ukuba "amabhanti empi angcono kunabantu" avuma kuphela ngama-50 ekhulwini. Ngokubhekiselele kwisigxina esikhulayo, la macentimitha ayinikeli inzuzo eninzi. Abo bawufunayo, phakamisa ukumiswa kwaye ufake ezinye iivili "ezimbi". Ngenxa yoko, ukukhutshwa komhlaba kunokwandiswa ngamaxesha ama-1.5-2-konke kuxhomekeke kumnqweno kunye nezakhono zomnikazi wemoto. Kwakhona, abaqhubi bayakhalaza ngesandi esikhulu. Sekunjalo, amabhuloho empi enza ukuba bazive, nangona ukuba imoto isetyenziselwa iinjongo zomphakathi. Kwaye ngamanye amaxesha, ukuya kwindawo ekuya kuyo (ukuzingela okanye ukuloba), kuthatha iiyure eziliqela ukuphulaphula le "ingoma". Oku kubonakala ngakumbi kwi-asphalt surface. Kwabaninzi, ukusetyenziswa kunye nokuguqulwa kubalulekile - kunye namabhanti omkhosi unakho ukulibala malunga nale mibini. Ukuphononongwa kwabanini bemoto bathi imoto ayifinyelele ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu kweekhilomitha ezili-60 ngeyure, ngelixa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kukunyuka ngama-10-15 ekhulwini. Ngokuphathelele inkonzo, ukuhlaziywa kubonisa ingxaki yokuvuza kweoli. Iqala kumancinci amacandelo. Ngoko ke, iingcebiso kulabo abaya kuthatha i-UAZ: ngokukhawuleza benze utshintsho lweoli. Akukho mntu wacinga ngolu hlobo olubonakala lulula. Abantu bathe le moto kwaye abacingi ukuba ngezikhathi ezithile kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha ioli kwiinjini kunye nebhokisi lebhokisi, kungabhekiseli ngamabhanti. Ngokuqinisekileyo, lo mshini wezempi kwaye kunzima "ukuwubulala", kodwa ukuba uhamba iminyaka engama-10 kwinqwelo yeefayili yeegarari, umatshini akanakukubulela. Ngokubhekiselele kumsebenzi, ukuphononongwa kumatshini okhethekileyo amabhanti empi. Zenziwe ngesimo se-ski. Ngoko ke, ukuba unamathele kumabhuleji omkhosi, kufuneka uzame nzima. Kwaye kwizinto eziyimithombo zihlala zihlala zingapheli, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamanye amazinyo.

Kwakhona, uhlolisise inqaku lokungabikho kweentsimbi. Musa ukubeka iibisi ze-disc kwi-UAZ-469. Amabhuloji aseMpi ayenzi "ukugaya". Kodwa, kunye nalokhu, kunokwenzeka ukufaka iivili ezingaphezu kwama-intshi ezingama-30. Ukuba iibhulri zaseburhulumenteni zisetyenzisiweyo, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisa ii-hinges ezinokulingana kwee-angular velocities, semiaxes kunye neyona nto ebalulekileyo.

Kwiingxaki zokusetyenziswa kwaye kungekhona nje amehlo abo abanikazi bemoto

Ngokubhekiselele kwingxolo: ukugweba ngokuphononongwa, lo mbono othobela kakhulu. Omnye uxhawula amabhanti empi ngenxa yengxolo, kwaye kumntu ongenandaba - "indlela abaye baxosha ngayo ngaphambili, kwaye ngoku". Ngokubhekiselele ekusebenziseni umbane - kunye neenkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokungena, u-UAZ oya kudla i-1.5 ilitha ngaphezu komntu osebenza naye. Ukongezelela, abanye abanikazi bemoto bayakubona ukungabikho kwamacandelo okugcina, njengoko amabhuloho omkhosi awavelanga iminyaka emininzi. Ukuba ungayifumana into, ngoko kuphela ekuqhekekeni, kwaye kungekhona into yokuba ifumanekileyo iya kuba yimeko entle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibhuloho "ayithengiyo", njengefayile, i-rubber neoli. Kwaye ukuthenga iimpahla kunye nezinye izixhobo ezizimeleyo kuyo kuyimfuneko kungekho yonke imihla.

Izinto ezingekho komgwaqo

Ukuba unendawo ephambili kwizinto eziphambili, ngokuqinisekileyo kulungele ukubeka ibhuloho yempi. Kodwa ukuba uhlala uqhubela kwindawo eqhelekileyo ye-asphalt, ngeenjongo ezinjalo, ukhethe ngokukhethekileyo abantu. Akuyona into yokuba onke amapolisa "bobiki" afake "iifama ezihlangeneyo" amabhuloho. Esixekweni, kunikwa ingqwalaselo yokududuza kunye neentshukumo.

Isiphelo

Ngaloo ndlela, uhlobo lwebhuloho lugqitywa ngokutyalwa komatshini - luya kuhamba nje ngokuzingela nokuloba okanye lulungiselelwe ukuba luphele ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba nangona u-UAZ ongumntu ophethe i-ribsi "yesitokisi" uyakwazi ukufikelela kwi-ford. Kodwa ekusebenziseni kwansuku zonke le nto ayifanelekanga: nakwiibhuloho zaseburhulumenteni zikhona "ukukhwa kwezempi" - ukwakheka kwezakhelo, ukumiswa kwentwasahlobo enzima.

Ngoko, safumanisa indlela iibridri ezakhiwa ngayo (i-UAZ) ngemikhosi yempi, zithini iingenelo zabo kunye nokuphazamiseka xa kuthelekiswa nabantu. Njengoko ubona, kuyimfuneko ukwazi kwasekuqaleni, ngenjongo yintoni iza kusetyenziswa.