Umanyolo: inkcazelo, iindlela kunye nemveliso

Ngokutsho Institute entsha Nutrition, malunga ne30-50% yazo zonke izifo abemi Russian ezinxulumene iimveliso abahluphekayo-ezisemgangathweni, kubandakanywa nesifo sentliziyo, umhlaza kunye nabanye. Yaye kubonakala kakhulu ukubaluleka inguqu lolimo organic imveliso. Kwezolimo Russia zonke zinto zifuneka kuqala ukuze kubekho inguqu ezinjalo. Kukho kwakhona amahle kakhulu kwicandelo nokuthunyelwa kuqoqosho. Ngoku kwezolimo Organic sele indlela jikelele, isebenza ngempumelelo kumazwe angaphezu kwama-160. Lixesha ukuba umlimi Russian ukuba angene emarikeni kunye iimveliso zabo.

Njengoko zaye zabandakanywa kwinkqubo

Yintoni kwezolimo eziphilayo eRashiya siye sakufunda kwiminyaka 90 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. kwamanye amazwe Bulk ukuya eYurophu amakhowa kunye namandongomane efunekayo yoqinisekiso amazwe kwezolimo ngenjongo phantsi imigangatho yaseYurophu kwimibutho ezizodwa ezifana Demeter, Imo.

Okwangoku, inkoliso imveliso yezolimo kweli lizwe iimveliso phantse eziphilayo ngeempawu zazo. Kodwa Ngokwezibalo, 8 kuphela iifama abe nezatifikethi ezifanelekileyo ukuze ilizwe labo, yaye oku iihektare 3192 no 0.001% ubume komhlaba wezolimo.

De facto imarike kwimveliso eziphilayo eRashiya likhulu kakhulu, yaye de jure ungalanjathiswa.

Kwaye oku kubalulekile kuba iimveliso ziya kufumana isatifikethi "organic" engqina ubume kwisigaba ngasinye lwemveliso, hayi nje imveliso yokugqibela. Oku iimfuneko zamazwe ngamazwe kwaye kufuneka zihambelane ukuthunyelwa kweemveliso.

Igama elithi "izinto lokusingqongileyo" kumaxwebhu Russian mthetho ubonakala ngo-2008, xa umgwebo karhulumente ugqirha oyintloko zococeko Gennady Onishchenko kwimilinganiselo zococeko-epidemiological ukwenzela iimveliso organic. Enyanisweni ke inguqulelo Russian imilinganiselo yaseYurophu "Organic".

Kuthetha ntoni oku

Izinto zendalo okanye eziphilayo - in a ilizwi, wokufama organic - luhlobo yolawulo, ukusetyenziswa kwezindlela (chemicals) isichumiso kunye ukutya nezongezelelo apho liyancitshiswa kakhulu. Kwimveliso ababandakanywa eziphilayo izakhi.

ngendlela Production uyaphuculwa ngokuthi ukutyebisa izityalo kunye izimbiwa kunye nezichumiso eziphilayo, izinambuzane kunye nokulawula ukhula, ukulinywa kwezityalo kunye nokusetyenziswa nefuthe kwezinye izenzo eco-friendly.

iindlela zokulima Organic

Indlela ijolise ikakhulu ukuxhasa iimpawu zomhlaba otyebileyo kwimveliso yezityalo, ezizezi:

• nokugcina ubukho biota womhlaba (eziphilayo);
• ukusebenzisa izichumiso kuphela engumgquba (umgquba oluhlaza, umgquba, umgquba, zhnivnye iintsalela);
• njengoko lisetyenziswe kwezimbiwa bone yokuxhela kunye isidlo igazi, izimbiwa;
• ukusetyenziswa iintshaba zezitshabalalisi zendalo okanye kwamagciwane ezithile;
• ulawulo ukhula lwenziwa yi ujikelezo, aze athathe ingqalelo umjikelo wobomi ubunzulu lwezinambuzane imbewu.

Lulimo izilwanyana, ukufama zomgquba yayiphawuleka ndlela ilandelayo ngokubonelela ukwaliwa:

• stabling esisigxina;
• kwezithako ukutya ezithambileyo arhente hormone.

Umbala (lokuthintela) ukusetyenziswa elwa ngokungqongqo ngaphandle. Kuyinto amadlelo inyanzelekile kumadlelo ezivulekileyo. ethological Welcome enobuntu (kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimpawu zokuziphatha izilwanyana) kwezolimo. Organic zokufuya izichumisi izilwanyana zibandakanyiwe kumjikelo zikhohlakeleyo yonke imveliso.

Land amathuba Russian

Moscow Institute of Organic Lezolimo lunika iinkcukacha million 40 eehektare zomhlaba ochumileyo zange wafumana isichumiso. Oku akubandakanyi ilizwe ukusetyenziswa kwezolimo kwaye kungenzeka uyakwazi ukufumana iziqinisekiso. Esi sixa somhlaba untilled ngaphezu kwindawo mhlaba phantsi nokulima ephilayo ehlabathini.

Sekucingelwa kwangoku ukuba amaphondo ngo-2025 ngabavelisi yehlabathi kwezolimo zomgquba emva Russia ne-20% emarike ephilayo ehlabathini. Oku kubhekisela kwimarike ngokusemthethweni, ngenxa yokuba emthethweni iimveliso organic izaliswe iimveliso zabavelisi Russian. Institute of Organic lezoLimo, bechaza kwamanani aqokelelweyo okunjalo, ugxininisa ukuba uphuhliso lweendawo zasemaphandleni, ukuphucula impilo yesizwe nelizwe wazuza sphere olutsha Impembelelo yehlabathi kukho ithemba yokwenene. Kodwa ukuba umgangatho ukuphunyezwa kwale imveliso, inkxaso imeko esebenzayo ukwenzela amafama kunye, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, ukwamkelwa sikhokelo yolawulo yale mihla.

Iingxaki komthetho Russian

Siye kubanjwa ngo-Apreli-20 kulo nyaka e Moscow nanye forum All-Russian "Health besizwe - isiseko nokuchuma Russia" wabamba itafile zajikeleza luhlaza kwezolimo. Ummeli weSebe of Science and Policy Technology and Education of iSebe lezoLimo Russian Federation kuqoqosho VA Nesmeyanov wagxininisa ukubaluleka ngezenzo zomthetho luhlaza kwicandelo lezolimo. Waqinisekisa abo babekho ukuba ekwindla kwalo nyaka, ngoko umthetho kulindeleke kwi nokulima eziphilayo ziya kwenziwa kwi-State Duma. Updated uyilo yayo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo izimvo akhawunti kunye nemimandla iingcebiso ukulungele ngokupheleleyo.

Isizathu sokuba kubalulekile

Ngokutsho DPO FGBOU FTSSK APK, ukubaluleka ukutyalwa kwemithi imveliso yezolimo ugxininise manani ilandelayo:

• iimveliso zokutya esezantsi ezikumgangatho ngenxa ukususela-30 ukuya kuma-50 ekhulwini Russian izifo abemi;
• yipesenteji yabantwana abakhubazekileyo kunye nabantu abakhubazekileyo luyanda minyaka yonke;
• lokusweleka ngenxa yezifo ezingezizo ezosulelayo ngenxa ukuqaliswa kwamanyathelo ukuba biologization ezolimo yehla kakhulu, nto leyo engqina ukuba siqwalasela kumava amanye amazwe.

Le yinxalenye encinane nje iingxaki, nto leyo eya kunceda ukumelana ezolimo organic.

Iimpawu ze ingxenye lokusingqongileyo

Ingxaki wokulondoloza biocenoses kwimeko zentlekele yemvelo yomhlaba ayikwazi kodwa Ungakhathazeki bonke abemi planethi baseRashiya ngokunjalo. Isinye kwisithathu ungcoliseko eziphilayo ehlabathini akhawunti kwicandelo lezolimo. kwezolimo mveliso ngokunzulu konakalisa uqoqosho eRashiya balinganisa engange ezigidi ezithathu ngomnyaka. Ukuqaliswa lwendlela yokulima zomgquba, hayi nje kungabi kakubi, kodwa unako ukuphucula eziphila ezimashakeleyo. imveliso zomgquba ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla phakathi, ukukhutshwa kwegesi gases ¾ of umthamo wabo ukuvelisa izityalo zomthonyama.

Ukunyuka eziphilayo, iindlela ngokobugcisa ulondolozo kunye nokuphuculwa iimpawu zomhlaba ochumileyo kukhokelela kwinqanaba elisezantsi iyilwe lokusela isitya amanzi emhlabeni yaye, ekugqibeleni, ukuba uyayilondoloza umhlaba onokuphila ngengqiqo lwehlabathi.

Icandelo demographic

Ingxaki yokuduka kwiilali kunye nokwehla uluntu lwasemaphandleni eRashiya kudala zikho. Kubalo lwabantu ngo-2010 watyhila 19 400 amanqaku, oko kukuthi, de jure, kodwa abahlali azifumaneki. imveliso Organic, ngenkxaso ngurhulumente, uyakwazi ukwehlisa nencindi abantu elalini kwaye kunika inkuthazo aya elalini. Kwiintsapho ezisemaphandleni, ngakumbi abantwana abangaphezu bahlala ezilalini. Le ubuye kwiinkqubo yemfuduko kweli lizwe kufuneka ukuba nempembelelo eyakhayo nefuthe kwi imeko demographic eRashiya.

umanyolo - i investment zexesha elide ephuhlisa kweziseko lali, ikhuthaza ukhenketho "green" nokuqinisekisa uphuhliso oluzinzileyo nemimandla.

eziluncedo ekuhlaleni

Malunga ekuphuculeni impilo yabantu kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukunciphisa umthwalo kwi mali yelizwe sele ikhankanyiwe. Institute of Nutrition lizisa data kwi ilahleko mali yonyaka evela izifo ezinxulumene nemveliso engange 13.000 billion. Ngokutsho Ministry of Education and Science, nokwandisa inani kokuya esikolweni labantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa kunye nokukhubazeka kunyaka ngamnye. Ngeli thuba leminyaka 2015-2016 inani labo iye yandiswa kakhulu ngaphezulu kwe-800 lamawaka. Abantu. - kubantu 6.347.292 ukuya 7.160.008.

iimveliso Organic, ngenxa organic zemveliso musa ziqulathe iintsalela izichumisi zokwenziwa, iihomoni ukukhula, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abane komzimba (leyo yi-30% yabantu), abantwana, abasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye phindeke, abantu zezigulo ezahlukeneyo inkqubo yokucola ukutya kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Ishishini avant-garde Russian

Iinkokeli kwimarike eziphilayo, i-United States namhlanje (45%), Germany (14%) kunye neFransi (8%).

Le izinto Russian ukwenza yokulima zomgquba liqela leenkampani brand "Agranta" kwaye corporation "Organic".

Ukubanjwa nje "AgriVolga 'ukusuka' Agranty" siquka lwamashishini 15 inyama kunye neemveliso zobisi kunye necandelo iphuhlisiwe lweenkomo.

NgoMeyi 2013, ngomhla kwinyathelo lokuqala ezibambe kwicandelo lezolimo organic National Union yamiselwa, idibanisa kunye bonke abaxhasi intanda-yokuphila ephilayo. Union acwangcise aze aqhube iisemina neenkqubo zoqeqesho amafama, Ukhokela advocacy zemfundo esebenzayo.

Iinkalo zezinto ezenziwa

Abameli iingcali zenzululwazi kunye namafama yeengcingane kufuneka asebenze kunye ekulondolozweni impilo yesizwe kunye nezolimo eziphilayo eRashiya kufuneka ukuphuhlisa nokwandisa imveliso. Kulo mxholo, oko kungathathwa amanyathelo afanelekileyo zilandelayo:

• ukudala izikhokelo ezisekelwe kubungqina abalimi ngokwamanqanaba luhlaza kunokwenzeka;
• Ukuqulunqa nokusebenzisa iphulo ngamanyathelo anokuthatyathwa ukuxhasa uphando ahlukeneyo kwi impembelelo ekhulayo zinambuzane, imithi, iihomoni ukukhula, ongeziweyo ukutya kwezempilo;
• ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso kunye nokungeniswa kuRhulumente Duma weNdlu yoWiso-Federal ye-Russian Federation idrafti yomthetho federal "Ngomhla imveliso kunye nengeniso kweemveliso zomgquba (ukuvelisa organic kwimveliso)";
• ukudalwa izindululo ezisekelwe kubungqina ziingcali zempilo ukwazisa uluntu malunga nenzuzo yeemveliso ezinjalo;
• ukuphuhlisa isethi amanyathelo ukukhuthaza ukudluliswa kobuchwepheshe yezolimo zokufama kunye anayiphi plant zokukhula;
• alikucebisi ukusetyenziswa kwemveliso komgquba kwinkqubo izakhiwo zemfundo ngamandla.

umanyolo - yinto kwishishini ufuna ukugcina nokuphuhlisa okulungileyo abantwana bethu, kwizizukulwana elizayo baseRashiya yaye lonke ilizwe!