Uyilo kunye nobukhulu isakhelo ukuya semizi

ubugcisa ushiya akukho ithuba alondoloze amasiko lusekiwe. Ukuphuculwa ukuze kwandiswe umthamo nomgangatho imveliso eyenziweyo uba njongo ephambili ye-nxaxheba kwamashishini mveliso kunye nezolimo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko - iindlela kumbutho lobugcisa apiaries bee nangoku iingqiqo ezichanekileyo ezikhoyo iminyaka eyi-100 emva. Ukubambelela ngobukhulu umgangatho asebenza isikhokelo-izigxala kuqinisekisiwe, nangona kule nkqubela niche na ukuma.

Imisebenzi kunye nesikhokelo uqwalaselo

Ixabiso isakhelo indlu singachasaniswa kunye injini kuloo moto. Oku ingundoqo ityala intsimi siphambili imveliso ubusi. Inani kwizakhelo kwi indlu idla kubalwa ngokususela kulwakhiwo iyonke i "ndlwana" kwaye ziyahluka. Kodwa ke kubaluleke ngokukodwa ukuba ubungakanani indlu yesakhelo, nto leyo ebonisa umgangatho walo mbutho leenyosi zokusebenza ngokwabo.

Umphezulu yesakhelo kufuneka ube nesiseko njengomthwebeba losapho baqalisa imveliso ubusi. Umgangatho nocikizeko inkqubo luchaphazela amalungu, indawo, i bokuqonda nokunyamekelwa kunye nokugcinwa endlwini yazo yokusebenza.

Kuba nendawo yesakhelo yohlulwe ethe nkqo nethe tyaba - nezingqengqelo ekuthiwa-kunye risers. Iimpawu izilungiselelo ezimbini sokubala inani lezakhelo kunye iparameters zabo.

ubukhulu ezindlwini zazo Meaning

nesithuba esaneleyo kule zokuhlala ukwenzela uphuhliso amathanga bee kubalulekile kwimpumelelo ukufuywa. Kakuhle ukukhetha ubungakanani isikhokelo ezindlwini zazo ukuvumela ukuba ondle kuphela nangoncedo indawo okwangoku, kodwa ushiye igumbi kuba nolwando xa umthamo pollen kunye wearability queens. Vala semizi akayi kuvumela ukwenza i iimeko ilungele loo msebenzi, kwaye zingasebenza kuphela kwiifama ezizodwa ukufuywa.

Sele sibonile iintlobo ezimbini yokuyilwa bee 'izindlu. " Loungers avumela ekuqaleni ukudala indawo reserve kuyimfuneko, lo gama kwi risers umva-sokucamagusha eyakhiwa phezulu ngakumbi. Kuxhomekeke isetyenziselwa ubungakanani kukwisakhelo indlu, abafuyi baphathe nzalandini ezilindele ukususela kumaxesha-1 ukuya ku-3, obeka kule iindlwane ze honeycombs ezintsha. Ukunqanda ukwanda izimo ibubu, loo imisebenzi kufuneka yenziwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

Ubukhulu lusebenze

Kakade ke, umntu akakwazi ukuthetha malunga parameters jikelele kunye efanayo neprojekthi zophuhliso endlwini yazo, kodwa inani kweekhrayitheriya ekubaleni data kangangoko kwiimeko ezithile nangoku Kuhle ukuphawula. Ulwazi yokuqala ukwenzela ukumisela ubungakanani isakhelo zizise endlwini yazo, zisekelwe kwezi khrayitheriya zilandelayo:

• inani amantshontsho;
• umthamo okucwangcisiweyo akababulalanga;
• ezicwangcisiweyo inani pollen;
• indawo ukubeka iinyosi ezisakhulayo;
• iqonga umpe processing.

Ukongezelela, iimpawu ngamnye abhalwe isahlulo apho ibekwe khona apiary. Kwezinye iimeko, ubungakanani sikhokelo utshintsho ngenxa iimpawu ezindlwini apiary inkonzo. Umzekelo eqhelekileyo indlela kwinkqubo zokucoca - ubukho ngezantsi elisusekayo, umzekelo, akubikho mfuneko sikhokelo ukususwa.

Standard Dadant-ucacise

Ezi nqobo yokukhetha ubungakanani zifanele ukuba zingathathwa ngokuba ulwazi ukudala unique i parameters ukuba kuyasetyenzwa. Kunjalo, ngoku esetyenziswa kwezoyilo apiaries zobungcali engahlawulwayo ziimpawu iyunifomu kakhulu. Enye into kukuba uninzi imigangatho ngokwabo.

Ethandwa kakhulu igqalwa Dadant-buthuntu kokuyilwayo ukuba ichazwe kweSebe ezindlwini zazo kangangeminyaka emininzi, yaye waba sisiseko ukuze kubalwe ezinye yeefomati. Namhlanje ubungakanani yesakhelo indlu Dadant ke sisiqalo ekufuneni isisombululo kakhulu apiaries zabucala. Ngenxa yoko, ubude oonotsheluza eliphezulu kwaye olusezantsi 435 mm, kwaye ukuphakama - 300 mm. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba usebenziso olulula nokuthembeka ukwakhiwa indlu kunokwandisa ngaphandle kwe bar. Apha, zonke beekeeper ukhetha ngesidanga amandla ukuba ilingane iimfuno zakho - ngokuqhelekileyo 5-10 cm.

zohlobo nobukhulu

Ukongeza umahluko siseko isixhobo izigxala, ifomathi isakhelo ngasinye kuquka ukwenza eziliqela. Kodwa usoloko ebhekisela ukuphakama imivalo kunye nobude lwabo uhlala efanayo - 435 mm. Malunga nezinye izalathi zokutenxa kakhulu ayingozi - kwakhona, nto ichaphazela amava okusebenza iinyosi, leyo iphosa intandabuzo phezu experiments. Oku kunjalo xa ubuchwepheshe bale mihla zingaphantsi kwiminyaka emininzi yamava abathathi-nxaxheba yemisebenzi yoqoqosho. Noko ke, intshayelelo izinto ezintsha lezakhelo, kakhulu, akufunekanga ngaphandle.

Ubukhulu Ubuncinane avumelekile kwisakhelo zizise endlwini yazo ukuphakama yi-145 mm. izinto ezo zibizwa ngokuba Isiqingatha Isakhelo ukugcina nezandiso. Hi ndlela leyi, ivenkile - indawo kuqokelela ubusi ogqityiweyo. Umyinge ukuphakama ithathwa ngokuba 230 mm. Le fomati sidluliselwa ezibandaknywayo multi-ezindlwini. Le lusebenze ithathwa ukuba enye eqhelekileyo Dadant ehambelana ku-300 mm - isakhelo ngokupheleleyo okanye ekwiseli zesiqhelo.

Ubungakanani kuyasetyenzwa ngendlela ezininzi

Ukongezelela c-ochazwe ubungakanani eqhelekileyo kuyilo multihull ziyasetyenziswa, kunye nezinye iinketho. Baya ikakhulu avela model Langstroth-Root, ngenxa yokuba eye yenzelwe kumaqumrhu eziliqela endlwini yazo. Kulo mzekelo, kuphela uqwalaselo umgangatho i 'ibhokisi ethi ", ngelixa inani labo kunye neendlela yofakelo ungahluka.

Kubude ubungakanani isakhelo iyafana isiphumo ezininzi ye Dadant iparameters indlu, kodwa zahluke ukuphakama. Ezisetyenziswa ubungakanani 230 mm. Ezindlwini zazo kunye kuvunyelwa ukuba bazidibanise kunye loyilo ezahlukeneyo - izandiso, iivenkile kunye sikhokelo kunye nolwazi olufanelekileyo kwenza kube lula ukucwangcisa eyiyo indawo ukuba lande inani ngamathanga bee.

ubukhulu German

E eJamani, ezindlwini zazo ngokubanzi izicwangciso non-emiselweyo. Oku nzima ukusebenza kwiifama ukufuywa Russian, kodwa iingenelo imifuziselo Koloni engenakuphikwa ukumelana zonke iingxaki umlindi.

ubungakanani ezaziwa kwizakhelo kwi indlu German angamelwa njengoko 370h233 format mm. Uyilo anjalo kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kakhulu free kulimala yobugcisa echaphazela iimeko ukunika iinyosi ubomi, kwaye omkhulu tsivilno izimvo. Kwakhona Phakathi ezingalunganga zeengxaki bokugcinwa ukuphunyezwa kuqoqosho lwasekhaya - kuyimfuneko ukulungisa le kuyasetyenzwa phantsi zokukhupha kunye honeycombs. Njengomgaqo, abafuyi ezijongene neengxaki ezifanayo, efuna uguqulo iintsapho ukusuka zisele kunye neemodeli Dadant Ruta.

obunye ubungakanani

Ukusetyenziswa elimlinganiselo ethile ngenxa kummandla isakhelo bee, leyo likwaneklinkhi lo apiary. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, noochwephetsha ukuphuhlisa imigangatho ezintsha ngokukodwa iimeko ezithile zemozulu.

Ngoko ke, ukongezelela iifomati zemveli kuvela uguqulelo lwabo ubungakanani zancitshiswa okanye linyuke. Kulo mzekelo, isiseko yeempawu sokuqala ayisekelwanga kuphela ubungakanani yesakhelo Dadant indlu, kodwa kwakhona ifomati ye Langstroth-Root. Ukuze wenze ziquka Zehnder ubungakanani isakhelo (ububanzi - 420 mm, kwaye ukuphakama - 220 mm), Goltz semizi (250h330 mm), kwaye ubukhulu enkulu Langstroth (448h232 mm).

Ngokubanzi, ishishini ukufuywa lwehlabathi lizinikele kudityaniso ubukhulu sikhokelo okhoyo, apho kukho, kwaye ligatya imisebenzi ezongezelelweyo zinto zizise endlwini yazo. Umzekelo, imizekelo yoyilo ukulahla windows, amathuba ukucoca ezantsi, kwizithinteli, iinyosi ayengavumelekanga ukuba ukusasaza ngexesha lokuhlolwa, njl Ziphelelwa obangela malunga malunga sikhokelo ingxaki ngenxa zokwambathisa ezikhoyo izixhobo usambathisa.