Ulwazi zobunkokeli

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho ingcamango ecacileyo yintoni na zobunkokeli. International Social Psychology ikuchaza ngokuthi into kwiqela yentsebenziswano, esizibonakalisa ukukwazi abathile ukuba nefuthe iimvakalelo, iingcinga nokuziphatha enye kweli cala, esekelwe kubudlelwane sesikweni. Ukuze achaze esi senzeko nayiphi ngobhalo zobunkokeli. Kukho iindlela ezininzi ekufundweni le mbono. Oku kungenxa yokuba zonke mbono kuneengxaki zawo.

theory Basic lwezikhundla:

akuyo

Sekunjalo, le nto kuthiwa theory ngumtyholi. Kuye ubeke phambili eUnited States kwi 30 E.Bogdarus. Undoqo kukuba leempawu zobunkokeli ngayo isimilo angaphakathi. Yelothe inokuba kuphela umntu ezithile iimpawu. Ababhali abaninzi baye bazama ukubona. Ngoko ke, K.Bred ngowe-1940 kwaba kuluhlu 79 iimpawu zobunkokeli. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho: ingqondo, ukuzithemba, ukuzimisela, ububele, ihlombe, uburharha kunye nabanye. Nakuba kunjalo, azizange zifakwe iilisti zeencwadi abanye ababhali abazange babe ngabantu abakwizihlalo oluzinzileyo, kwaye umsebenzi iimpawu wedwa kunye neempawu zobunkokeli yajika unsolvable. Ukongeza, umgangatho eyabelwe, ukongeza, ukuba ebanzi, ngoko ngakumbi yaye zidla ngokuphikisana. Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba, xa kusenziwa, kweli qela kukho abantu njengoko ubuchule babo nobukrelekrele wagqwesa inkokeli, kodwa hayi.

isimo

Salawo theory ubunkokheli akuyo. Khokela umntu uba ngenxa kukuvela kweemeko ezahlukeneyo. Indlela kwimeko ethile, abantu kunabanye kwabanye ethile umgangatho, ukuba kukho kufuneka ubonise ukuba ume ngaphandle esihlweleni. Okt inkokeli - nguye lowo ngcono kunabanye baqonda umgangatho wabo. Le mbono uneempazamo yayo. Kuye kwafumaniseka ukuba:

• Abanye abantu babe nolwazi olunzulu zobungcali, kodwa bengenako ukuba nenxaxheba kwimisebenzi zobunkokeli;
• kwiimeko ezinzima Injongo amalungu ahlukeneyo iqela zinokuba nomahluko, kwaye kukho umzabalazo iinjongo ezinjalo ngenxa kuqala;
• kulo mkhuba ulawulo, kungekhona endijongile iqela umsebenzi, kungekhona utshintsho leenkokeli avunyelwe.

Ithiyori Ubunkokheli lobume Nongawuthabathiyo ngokupheleleyo ngqalelo kokuzimela inkokheli, ukukwazi kwakhe ukuphembelela meko.

inkqubo

Inkokheli ngumntu cwangcisa iqela ngaphezu kwakhe nabani na ukusombulula umsebenzi othile. Le ndoda ikakhulu unawo neempawu ezifunekayo ukuze ukusombulula le ngxaki kunalo naliphi na elinye ilungu leqela. Okulindeleke kuye, ukuba zingqinelane neemfuno ezingundoqo: kukwazi ukuba ilungelelanise umsebenzi iqela, uya kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye ukunika ndingakholosayo impumelelo.

Ubunkokheli kaninzi kubonwa nje uhlobo ngamandla. Kulo mba, kwakukho ingqiqo ubunkokeli kwezopolitiko, okt abasisigxina, impembelelo esemthethweni kunye ephambili umntu ophethe indawo ngundlovu kwiqela okanye uluntu.

Bekela bucala theory iinkokheli zopolitiko anomoya, isimo kunye lwenkqubo. Ezinye ezi mbono esele ikhona iintlobo eziphambili. Ngoko ke, kukho uhlobo indlela akuyo yingcamango nasengqondweni, nto leyo emele Freud.

Umongo ngayo yile: kwi ngemvelaphi kuthiwa zicinezelwa yobuntu. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo sublimation, ukuthi kuziveza njenge umnqweno namandla. Kwiinzame balahle ubuntu entsonkothileyo okunyanzelisa intando yabo kwabanye aze abe yinkokeli.

Ukwahlukanisa Iinkokeli zezopolitiko

M.Dzh.Hermann abelwe iinkokheli 4 ndlela: balungiselele, umgangatho-bearer, womrhwebi kunye umlilo. UMphathiswa siveza umdla abalandeli, senze imisebenzi yayo phezu uluvo lwabo, umgangatho-bearer isekelwe umbono yabo ezikhona, onako captivate iindimbane. Umrhwebi uyakwazi ukubeka kakuhle inkqubo yakhe kubavoti, nomlilo - ngokukhawuleza ukufumana izisombululo kwiingxaki.