I-Yamal Yamatata: iintlobo ezingenakuthobeka kunye neempawu ezibalaseleyo

Namhlanje, iitato ziyimifuno eqhelekileyo kwiibhedi zasekhaya kunye nemibhede. Bonke baye bakulibala ixesha elide lokuba i-tomato yindalo yamahlathi aseTransmerika aseTropiki, eya e-Russia kuphela ngekhulu leshumi elinesibhozo. Akunakwenzeka ukucinga ingcambu yegadi yangomhla ngaphandle kweetamatates ekhulile kuyo. Ngokukodwa namhlanje, xa iinzame zabalimi zidala iintlobo ezimangalisayo ezingakwazi ukunyamezela iimeko zemozulu ezinobungozi. Omnye wabo nguTamal utamatari. Ukuphononongwa kwabalimi abasebenza nale mihluko bengafani kakuhle: utamatisi obalaseleyo, ophakamileyo oza kuvula umhlaba ongafunekiyo. Makhe sithethe ngakumbi malunga nalo.

Iimpawu zoluhlu

I-Yamal yamatamatye yinkcubeko yokugxotha kunye nokukhula okuncinci kweehlumela, eziphantsi. Ukuphakama kwesihlathi kungama-35-50 cm kuphela. Olu luhlu lujoliswe ekukhuleni kwindawo evulekile kwaye luye lwaba luyimfuneko kubagadi bezoqala, ngokubanceda lula inkqubo yabo yokukhula. Ukuvunwa kwexesha lokuqala kunye nokuvunyeleka kwempumelelo ukuya kwi-18 kg nganye imitha yendawo yokutyala kunye kunye nokunakekelwa okuncinci kunye neqondo eliphezulu lokumelana nemimozulu embi kunye nezifo kwenza ukuba inkcubeko ithandwa kakhulu.

Iintyatyambo zivuthwa emva kweentsuku ezingama-85-110 emva kokuvela, kwaye zibonakaliswa njengendlela enhle kakhulu kunye nokuhambelana nokusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo. Ingasetyenziselwa ukulungiselela i-salads, ijezi, ikhutshwe kwaye iqhutywe kwi-tomato namathishini okanye i ketchup eyenziwe ekhaya. Nangona ubukhulu becala be-bush, iziqhamo kwi-brush yokuqala kunye nokunyamekela okunokulinganisela zingafikelela kwi-150-180 g, ubuninzi bayo buninzi buhluka ukusuka kuma-70 ukuya kwi-100 g. Yamatata Yamal ahlangene kakhulu kwaye avelisa kakuhle ekhaya - kwifestile okanye kwi-balcony. Ukongeza kwiimpawu ezingenakucatshulwa zenkcubeko yemifuno, iindidi ezinomgangatho ophezulu wokuhlobisa, kunye nokuchaswa kwezifo zivumela ukuba zihlale ixesha elide.

Agrotechnics

I-Yamal yamatamatye ihluke ukungazithobeki kunye nokukwazi ukubopha iziqhamo nakwixesha lokupholisa okwethutyana, okwenza ukuba sikwazi ukukhula emibhedeni evulekileyo kwiindawo ezihamba kakuhle, nakwiindawo ezifudumele ezityalwe imbewu, ngokugqithisela isigaba sokutshala. Kodwa sithetha ngendlela yokwenza imbewu, engabandakanyi ingozi yokulahleka kwezityalo.

I-Yamal yamatato ityalwe kwiimbewu kwiipotheni zeplastiki ezahlukileyo, zangaphambili zikhutshelwe i-disinfected kwaye zinezimbobo zokuhambisa amanzi. Njenge-substrate, ungasebenzisa umhlaba olungeleyo okanye uzilungiselele ngokwakho, uxube kwiindawo ezilinganayo i-humus kunye ne-vermiculite okanye isanti yomlambo.

Imbewu kufuneka ifuthe ngaphambi kokuhlwayela. Oku kuya kwenza ukuba bakwazi ukukhusela ngokubanzi kunokwenzeka kwimeko yezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo kunye nokufumana amahlumela ngokukhawuleza. Ukufudumala, ukugcina ibhetri yokufudumeza phakathi kweentsuku ezingama-2-3. Emva koko, isiqingatha seyure, igxobhozwe kwisisombululo se-manganese emnyama. Emva koko, emva kokuhlanjululwa kwamanzi kunye nokumisa kancinci, bahlwayelwa kwindawo ehambileyo, kodwa engalahlekanga. Izibambiso zeMbewu zihlanganiswe ngeglasi okanye ifilimu kwaye zifakwe ekukhanyeni, zizama ukugcina igumbi elisebushushu ubuncinane ngama-23 ° C.

Iimeko zokukhawuleza nokushisa

Xa izityalo zihluma, izinto ezigubungelayo zisuswe kwiingxowa, kungcono ukwenza oku ngokukodwa ngeeyure eziliqela. Oku kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwizityalo ezincinci. Ukutyilisa kokuqala kukupompa ngokulinganayo kunye nomlambo ococekileyo. Kubalulekile ukucima izityalo ngexesha elilodwa, ukunciphisa ubusika busuku ukuya kwi-10-12 ° C, nokugcina imini e-12-17 ° C. Urhulumente onjalo uyagcinwa ngaphambi kokuba utshintshwe izilwanyana ezindala kwiimigqomo.

Umsebenzi wePiquing

Ngokukhawuleza ukuba izityalo zinephepha lesibini okanye yesithathu, imbewu nganye kufuneka ihanjiswe kwizibambiso ezihlukeneyo, kuba lixesha lokukhetha. Le nkqubo iphinda iqale kunye nokulungiselelwa kwezigulana, ukungasebenzi kwazo kunye nokuqinisekiswa kobukho bemingxuma yamanzi. Ibumbi akufanele libe ngaphantsi kwe-8 cm kwaye ingabi ngaphezu kwe-10 cm ububanzi. I-primer yendalo yonke ethengwe kwivenkile ifanelekile ukuphuhliswa okuqhubekayo kwezithombo kwiibhagi zomntu ngamnye. Ukutshintshwa kwezityalo ezivela kubalimi abanolwazi luhamba kunye nokuchumisa okongezelelweyo. Eyona ndlela ingcono namhlanje ukucwangciswa kwezichumiso ze- peat-humic ngosuku lwesi-7 lokutshintshwa nokusetyenziswa kwezi zichumiso rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbini.

Yamal Utamatisi: inkcazo yokulungiselela umhlaba

Ukuhlalwa kweetamatato, amacandelo asezantsi angamaqhinga akhethwe. Abahamba phambili beetamatato yiklabishi, i-zucchini, iikomkom, i-anyanisi. Akukhuthazwa ukutyala utamatisi kwiibhedi apho iifatata, i-aubergines okanye i-pepper zazikhulile. Kodwa kwindawo enye itamatato inokuvelisa isivuno esihle iminyaka emininzi. Kufuneka kuphela ukucwina umhlaba kule ndawo kunye ne-organic quality esemgangathweni, njengoko utamatisi uthabatha izondlo ngaphandle komhlaba , ngokusweleka kakhulu.

Umhlaba utyalwe ngetamatamatsi ekwindla: ukunciphisa ukwanda kwe-acidity (ukuba kukho), ukuzisa i-500-800 g ye-lime, i-6-8 kg ye-humus, i-50 g ye-superphosphate nganye kwimitha yesigcawu ngexesha lokubumba kwekwindla. Ngentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokutyala utamatisi, kwakhona uphinde ubambe umhlaba, udibanise i-20 g ye potashi kunye ne-40 g ye- nitrogen fertilizer nganye kwisikwere esingu-1. M.

Utamatisi Yamal: ukukhula nokuzilungisa

Ukutyala iintlobo ekupheleni kukaMeyi-ekuqaleni kukaJune, emva kokuphelelwa kweqabunga lokusasa kwamaqabunga. Kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo, abalimi bezityalo balima itamatisi ngoMeyi 10-12. Utamatisi Yamal, isithombe esityalwe kuyo, sisungulwe kakuhle.

Kwiziko elilungiselelwe ukumba imingxuma, ngokukhawulelana nobubanzi babo kunye nobude bendawo. Ingcwatyelwe ngaphantsi kwinqanaba apho lalingenayo izithombo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izityalo zale ngqungquthela azange zolule, kodwa ukuba oko kwenzeka, kufakwa emgodini kwi-angle ukuze i-rooting isebenze ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokubunjwa kweengcambu zangasese. Iimithombo kunye nezityalo ezibekwe kuyo zizityiswa ngokukhululekile ngamanzi afudumele (i-5 l / 1 ehlathini), ihlanganiswe ngomhlaba, ingayikhohlwa ukudibanisa kwaye ibe yinto efufayo. Iimpawu eziphucukisiwe zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zivumela ukuba kusinde ngokukhawuleza ukutyala, uthathe iingcambu kwaye uhlakulele kwisantya esinqwenelekayo. Kwabaninzi balimi, utamatisi uYamal, uhlolo lwazo lokunyamekela luqinisekisa iimpawu eziboniswe ngabavelisi bembewu, zinceda kakhulu ukulima izityalo ezinjalo, okwenza kube lula ukutshala okanye ukubopha isiqithi, ukunciphisa ukunyamekela okufunekayo kunye nokugqoka okufike ngexesha.