Ulwandle olunqabileyo kakhulu emhlabeni: imozulu kunye nehlabathi eliphilayo

Bambalwa kakhulu abantu abanokungabaza ukuba yintoni elwandle olubanda kakhulu emhlabeni. Akungabazeki ukuba le yiArtictic. Itholakala phakathi kwala mazwekazi njengeNyakatho Melika kunye ne-Eurasia, ehlala kwindawo engaphezu kweekhilomitha ezili-13 zezigidi. Engxenyeni esezantsi, ulwandle luphantse ngokupheleleyo kwimida ye-Arctic Circle. Ubunzulu bomyinge apha ngamamitha ayi-1225, ngelixa iwona mkhulu kunamamitha angama-5527.

Ulwandle olumkhenkce kakhulu kwiplanethi kwindawo ephambili inomkhumbi we-oval omanzi ngobuninzi be-2250 x 1130 ikhilomitha. Ku saziwa ngokuba yi-Arctic okanye i-Arctic ibhasi. Phantse isiqingatha solwandle lolwandle ishefu, apho kukho inani elikhulu leziqithi kunye nee-archipelagos. Ezi ziquka iGreenland, iIovosibirsk Islands, iNyakatho kunye neNovaya Zemlya, iSvalbard nabanye. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ulwandle olubanda kakhulu kwihlabathi alinasiphi isiqithi semvelaphi ye-oceanic.

Imvula yezulu ephezulu apha iwa ngokukodwa ngendlela yekhephu, ngelixa izulu zinqabile kakhulu. Kuwo wonke unyaka, ininzi yolwandle ihlanganiswe neqhwa, ubuninzi balo bubungakanani bemitha emithathu. Kwiindawo zalo ezisentshonalanga, imimoya yomntla-ntshona-ntshona kunye nenyakatho iyimpawu, eyona nto ibangela imbandezelo ephezulu yeArctic. Inxalenye esempuma yebhasin ilawulwa yimimoya yaseningizimu-ntshona kunye nomzantsi, ngoko ke ulwandle olubandayo lunomoya onzima.

Umoya awutshisi kakhulu ehlobo. Iqondo lokushisa eliqhelekileyo kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo ye-Arctic Ocean isuka kwiiyure ezimbini zeqabunga ukuya kutsho ngamadridi angama-12. Ebusika, ingawela phantsi kweempawu kwii-degrees ezingamashumi amane. Ebusika, izivunguvungu zivame ukuvela.

Ulwandle olumkhenkce kwihlabathi alinakuziqhayisa ngesityalo nesityalo sezilwanyana. Isizathu salokhu yiimeko ezibuhlungu zemozulu, kunye nokusabalalisa okubanzi kweqhwa. Ihlabathi elincomekayo kakhulu elikuyo ndawo apho kukho uxhulumano oluqhubekayo neLwandle lweAtlantiki, ngamanye amagama - kwiiLwandle eziMhlophe, iBarents kunye neKara. Lapha uhlala malunga neenkulungwane zezilwanyana zezilwanyana (kubandakanywa nemikhomo), kunye nenani elikhulu leentlanzi. Kuloo mimandla yamanzi, apho amanzi avela emifuleni efudumele, kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni kunye namatye unako ukudibana neentaka ezininzi.

Kwindawo yaseAlaska, eCanada naseMpumalanga yeSiberia, umhlaba wehlabathi uhluphekile. Kwimeko efanayo kwinqanaba eliyinxalenye ye-Arctic Ocean, ehlanganiswe ngumkhenkce kuwo wonke unyaka. Nanku i-phytoplankton imelwe ngokukodwa nge- diatom algae. Abanye babo bahlala kwiqhwa. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-zooplankton, ulwandle olubanda kakhulu kwihlabathi kulolu hlobo lwakhiwe ngaphantsi kweentlobo ezingamashumi asibhozo, kunye phakathi kweentlanzi, i-navaga, i-saika kunye nekhodi. Ngaphandle kweqhwa elingapheliyo, ngokuqhelekileyo kunokwenzeka ukuhlangabezana neempawu, izigodo, i-beluga, i-narwhal kunye nezinye izilwanyana eziselwandle. Ukuloba kwabo ngoku kungavunyelwanga kwaye kulawulwa ngamaxwebhu amaninzi ngamazwe. Ummeli oqaqambileyo welizwe lezilwanyana emhlabeni.