SSL-isiqinisekiso: kutheni kufuneka kwaye usebenzise phi?

Ayizizo zonke umsebenzisi yeenkqubo zekhompyutha inomfanekiso indlela dibaniso kwi Internet. Ngamanye amaxesha, Kakade ke, xa kunikezelo iingxelo ezazithandwa ekhuselekileyo SSL-intanethi, abanye baqalisa lokuhlolisisa kakuhle umba zonxibelelwano. Noko ke, nantsi ke kubalulekile ukuqwalasela imibuzo concretized: Yintoni SSL-intanethi, i SSL-isatifikethi, kutheni kufuneka, ukuze njani nendlela ezi zenzo? Makhe sizame ukuhlangabezana nalo mba kwixesha mizekelo kwecacileyo, ngoko ukuthetha, phezu iminwe kubonisa zonke imisebenzi ngayo.

Yintoni uqhagamshelo technology SSL?

Ngokusekelwe ezinye iimfuno ezisesikweni ze-Internet, kufuneka aphathe ngenyameko le nkqubo yokhuseleko. Ngale ndlela, omnye neengqikelelo ezingundoqo kwaye SSL-isatifikethi. Kwakutheni ukuze ukulungiselela ukusetyenziswa kwezinye izibonelelo?

Ewe, nje ukuqinisekisa ukunyaniseka njengobutyebi (qaphela igosa), lowo ungene kwi. Ngamanye amazwi, yinto uxwebhu electronic imisebenzi lushicilelwe, noqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokutyelela indawo ethile kwi-World Wide Web.

SSL-isiqinisekiso: kutheni kubalulekile nje?

Ethetha ngemigaqo ukuba babekwa ngokusekelwe ekhuselekileyo technology ufikelelo uqhagamshelo SSL, apho kufuneka kubangela kuthelekiswa ukufikelela ezifana HTTP, oko kukuthi, eneneni, nazo zikhuselwe (eboniswe ileta «S».

Ukuba ukhangela le SSL-isiqinisekiso (kutheni ufuna uxwebhu okanye ukuyisebenzisa ngayo iinjongo oluluncedo ngayo), kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba, cishe ethetha, iqinisekisa kuphela ukhuseleko yokuqhagamshelwa okanye okuqulethwe websites ngokwemiqathango okushicilelwe, kodwa indlela ufihlo ithunyelwe yaye data.

Oko kukuthi, xa ungene iphepha le web, umsebenzisi kufanele ukuba uneengxaki data zobuqu (login, iphaswedi, iPIN-iikhowudi njalo njalo. D.), Njengokuba xwebhu iqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo wokhuseleko awukhusele naluphi na uphazamiseko ngaphandle. Njengoko kucacile, ulwazi amaqela wesithathu loo umsebenzisi ethunyelwayo. Ngale ndlela, kukholelwa ukuba xa ufaka uqhagamshelo olukhuselekileyo phezu uhlobo SSL Akukho mfuneko ezinye iimpawu zokhuseleko ezifana unqulo, firewall, okanye Windows nomkhuseli, wabonakala njengenye yeekhomponenti ezingundoqo, beqalela inguqulelo yesibhozo inkqubo yokusebenza.

izimiso kwabasebenzisi

Ngoku makhe sibone yonke imisebenzi ngayo oko. Ayisafuni nakucaciswa yona into yokuba namhlanje usebenzisa iimveliso software ophezulu-zobugcisa, ebizwa iibrawuza ukufikelela kwi Internet.

Ngelo xesha leseshoni zonxibelelwano xa uzama ukuvula ezinye uhlobo page isikhangeli ewalayishayo itekisi kunye multimedia data kwangoko. Okokuqala, yena ukuhlalutya nabo, ukuze ndithethe, ebangela ngohlobo olufundeka. Emva koko kwenzeka imixholo uvavanyo ubukho nobungozi. Musa ukucinga ukuba ibhrawuza wakho amayeza eyakho. Ngamaxesha amaninzi, zingcono kakhulu ezinye iinkqubo anti-virus. Ukuba konke kuhambe kakuhle, ngoko ukudibanisa unqulo.

Kodwa yintoni umdla: kweli xesha lekhefu, ukuqalisa sokunyaniseka site nompapashi wayo. Kwaye ke uqalisa ukusebenza, isiqinisekiso SSL. Kutheni sifuna onjalo ukhetho ukuvuma, mhlawumbi, ukuba sele kucacile. Umkhangeli ufumana impendulo malunga ekuthembekeni lwemvelaphi kwaye useka unxulumano. Ngaphandle kokuba ivaliwe. Ke, maxa wambi, oko kuyenzeka ukuba i lock isebenza ongenangqondo, bathi ngenxa isiqinisekiso okanye ukulibaziseka ngenxa yokuba inkqubo ngokwalo okanye unqulo cinga okungenzeka singabi page ethile (oku kuya kuxoxwa mva).

Ngubani uvelisa SSL-iziqinisekiso?

Namhlanje, kukho imibutho eliqela ezisemthethweni ejongene amaxwebhu ngekhompyutha kunye Utyikityo olu hlobo. Kulo mzekelo, libhekisela le SSL-isatifikethi. Kutheni sifuna xwebhu ngekhompyutha enjalo, kulula ukuyiqonda, esekelwe phezu kwemimiselo nomthetho.

Enyanisweni, isiqinisekiso usebenza ngeendlela ezimbini: umsebenzisi iqinisekisa ukhuseleko ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi ekungeneni aze ongeze uxanduva umonakalo owenzeke kumsebenzisi, ukuba kulendlela bayifumana intsholongwane. Kwelinye icala, nkqu ubukho isiqinisekiso ayikwazi ukuba isiqinisekiso sokuba Uxhulumaniso kuba olukhuselekileyo (ngokwaneleyo ukuba ukukhumbula uhlaselo abancedisi kwabezomkhosi ehlabathini okanye enye icawa offshore).

Namhlanje, wabona yimibutho lwaseburhulumenteni likhuphe uxwebhu enjalo, loo nto ixela ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• COMODO.
• TTHAWTE.
• GeoTrust.
• RapidSSL.
• Symantec et al.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba kulo luhlu kukho Symantec Corporation, eseyiphantse iinkqubo ukhuseleko umphuhlisi yokuqala xa efanayo "Kaspersky Lab" kwaye kwakungekho drafti. Xa nokubuyekezwa abantu abasebenzisa iziqinisekiso ezinjalo, kodwa le nkampani kuluhlu olubanzi lweenkonzo.

Yintoni eyenziwa ngumsebenzisi ngexesha lokubhalisa?

Ngoku makhe sijonge izibonelelo ezivelayo nomnini site rhoqo. Makhe sithi yintoni isiqinisekiso SSL iingcambu, yaye kutheni kufuneka oko. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko uluhlu eziphambili iinkonzo zenkxaso, nangona uninzi lwezi zatifikethi iphakheji kukho ubuncinane ezintathu:

• iingcambu;
• intermediate;
• isiqinisekiso ngenxa amathambeka ngamnye.

Ngaphandle kokuya iinkcukacha zobugcisa nganye, siphawula kuphela ukuba wokufumana isiqinisekiso naliphi na inqanaba umnini ndawo ufumana ezinye inzuzo ekungathethwayo kukhuphiswano. Okokuqala, isiqinisekiso SSL engqinisisa ukuthembeka resource, okwesibini, iqinisekisa ekhuselekileyo encryption data, yaye okwesithathu, uyinqaba njengoko izandi, kwandisa resource rating of iinjini zokuphendla, leyo, njengokuba sisazi, ekuqaleni ekhangela iziphumo imibuzo kwi resource omthembayo.

ukusebenzisa Apho SSL-iziqinisekiso? Apha ungenza isicelo ngoko nangoko isici ngokusemthethweni. Lwaba ethetha, umnini site, ukufumana imvume, ukubanga ukuba uxanduva ukhuseleko lobomi, njengoko umbutho wakhupha xwebhu ngekhompyutha ezifana, izenzo nokuqinisekisa. Kakade ke, iitsheki zenziwa phantse yonke imihla. Kakade ke, ekuqaleni kucingwe ukuba ukhuseleko akukho kwisiza eqinisekisiweyo Buda wabeka umxholo ekuthiwa pirated, okanye ngokuzenzekelayo izakufunyanwa malware ezinokubangela umonakalo ekupheleni-umsebenzisi emnyango kwisayithi, okanye ekusebenziseni imisebenzi ukudlulisela (kwakhona).

Iingxaki kunye uqhagamshelo ofihliweyo

Ngoko ke, kutheni simele SSL-isatifikethi, siyaqonda kancinci. Ngoku jonga ezinye iingxaki, ngelishwa, kwenzeka kaninzi ngexesha ukufakela uqhagamshelo ngokufihlisa.

Kukholelwa ukuba yokusilela ibonakala kwimeko losuleleko yintsholongwane, izicwangciso ibrawuza engafanelekanga, ukuvala ukufikelela Internet kwinqanaba firewall kunye anti-virus, nokuba ikhangeleka kakhulu engaqhelekanga ngokunxulumene nomhla kunye nexesha engachanekanga settings on kwinkqubo timer (hayi Windows, kanye kwi BIOS).

iindlela ezilula solungiso

Njengoko kubonakala ngentla apha, ukuba ukumelana loo meko lula. Khubaza i firewall efanayo okanye ukutshintsha umhla kwi BIOS bengasebenzi.

Omnye umba - izikhangeli. Wonke developer uzama wababeka ukusebenza siphezulu amaninzi kunokubangela iingxaki kwinkqubo kwinqanaba le. Ngamanye amazwi, i plug-ins kunye add-ons ukuba zifakelwe yi umthengi ayamkelwa yisistim ukwenza njalo ngokwaneleyo.

Kwezinye iimeko, inkqubo kunye ibrawuza bazama ukuvala olunye okanye kwelinye icandelo, kuquka ezinokuba yayo engakhuselekanga. Ngelishwa, akukho guquki. Ngoko ke, ukusebenza nokuba lwemvelaphi Kucetyiswa ukuba ukujonga kuphela kwi Windows eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi kwibhrawuza (nokuba Internet Explorer, okanye Edge).

Wowulungela na ke ukwenza le SSL-isiqinisekiso?

Ngoku vula kumbuzo ke bona lokufumana oko kuthiwa SSL-isatifikethi. Kutheni kufuneka sibe xwebhu, ndiyacinga, eqondakalayo kancinci. Noko ke, abanikazi website nye sizibuze imibuzo iindleko sobhaliso xwebhu. Njengoko kuvela, onjalo ixabiso nkonzo kakhulu sitshiphu. Umzekelo, kuqulunqo iphakheji esisiseko Comodo Certificate PositiveSSL kwi-avareji yeendleko 500-550 engange, oluphezulu aphezulu - 4 amawaka, eyona uxanduva - malunga 8000 engange.

Kufuneka uthathe ingqalelo iziqiniseko enikiweyo. Umzekelo, ukuba izatifikethi ukuze yokwandisa kuthembisa 10, 50 no-100 lamawaka eerandi.

Yintoni umphumo?

Njengoko samazwi okuqukumbela, ngoko umsebenzisi ngamnye, hayi kanye mandithi, umnini kwisiza okanye ithambeka igama, uya kuthatha isigqibo malunga nokuba ukuthenga xwebhu ngokwayo. Ukuba bethetha ngesiphelo-abasebenzisi, baye iingxaki kunye nokufikelela kwimithombo ezingqinisisiweyo kufuneka avuke, ngaphandle ukuba isiqinisekiso olungagqibekanga. Kwelinye icala, ukubusa iinjini zokuphendla kunokuba negalelo, kuba ngokuyintloko bafuna ukukhusela iisayithi kunye SSL iziqinisekiso esiqinisekisiweyo. Ngoko ke apha, njengoko bathi, elintlangothi mbini ikrele.