Ngubani na lo seSkitsofreniya? Indlela ukuqaphela seSkitsofreniya? schizophrenics eyaziwa

ukugula ngengqondo ukuyichaza yaye kungakholeleki. Society abantu abanengxaki kuzo. Kutheni le nto isenzeka? Mhlawumbi abanye uhlobo lwesifo sengqondo sisasazwa ngamathontsi emoyeni? Igama u- "seSkitsofreniya" na isixa esikhulu iimvakalelo eziphikisanayo kunye nemibutho ezimbi. Kodwa ngubani na seSkitsofreniya nokuba yingozi kwabanye?

A incinane

Igama elithi "schizophrenia" kwabunjwa kumazwi amabini Greek: "schizo" - Split "UFran", - ingqondo. Igama sifo kwemoto unjingalwazi zengqondo Paul Eugen Bleuler, wathi ukuba kufuneka zingqamelane logama nje izazinzulu musa ukufumana enye indlela ephumelelayo ukunyanga. Iimpawu zesi sifo ezichazwe kwengqondo of Russia ngo-1987, nangona kunjalo, xa waba negama eyahlukileyo - "ideofreniya".

Ngubani na lo seSkitsofreniya? neengqondo Bright ufuna impendulo yalo mbuzo. Ngesi sifo yaziwa kakhulu kwaye andazi nto. ukuziphatha Eqhelekileyo oluxutywe ungafaneleki, izimvo clever ngokungathi bububhanxa ndenzile. Bleuler wabhekisela kuyo ukubethabethana ngokweemvakalelo, volitional, neengqondi.

Amaninzi, ekuqaleni kuphela usapho uqikelela malunga nemeko isalamane. Isibakala sokuba esi sifo kubonakala schizophrenia engaqhelekanga kakhulu ugiba ababathandayo, kwaye ngokubhekiselele kubo bonke ukungaqheleki ezibonakalayo iimpawu zesi sifo, ngoxa ukunye nabahlobo kunye noogxa, ukuziphatha uhlala okufanayo. Ukuba kukho inkcazelo ngokugqibeleleyo ubhalo kunye nengqiqo. Ezisesikweni, unxibelelwano ozenzisayo akunyanzelekanga ukuba loo ngendleko enkulu ngokweemvakalelo, njengokuba ubuhlobo. Ubuntu yonakele, ukwakweli amanqanaba wentshabalalo, kutheni uthando - sphere kabuhlungu, akukho mandla yokuziphatha okanye ngokwasemzimbeni ukuchitha ngokwalo phezu kwakhe.

iimpawu

Ngoko ke ngubani na seSkitsofreniya? Lo mntu unesifo esinganyangekiyo kakhulu, nto leyo waphawulwa ngezinto eziliqela lweempawu:

• Kubonakaliswa silwa ngokweemvakalelo. Le ndoda licinywe iimvakalelo izalamane, abahlobo. Ngokuthe ngcembe ngabandayo unika indlela nidloba sohlaselo kwaye umsindo kubantu abasondeleyo.
• Lost umdla ukuzonwabisa, ozithandayo. iintsuku nanjongo engenanto indawo ukuzenza.
• iimvakalelo esiswini buthathaka. Lubonakala kukuba umntu ukutsiba isidlo, ngoyaba ubushushu kakhulu okanye kubanda, azise imbonakalo yakho ngaphaya ingqalelo livela untidiness, slovenliness, awunandaba ngokupheleleyo ukuba iimpahla kunye zonyango ezisisiseko imihla (ukuxukuxa amazinyo, unonophelo ubuso, umzimba, iinwele, njalo njalo . d.)
• Kunokuthi esithi, akuthethi ukubamba amanzi, iimfeketho zokufeketha, engaqhelekanga kunye nezimvo ezingafanelekanga.
• Kukho nemibono ekuva kunye nezibonwayo. Ingozi kukuba ngamanye amaxesha ilizwi ngomlomo akuthethi azibonisi nje ulwazi, kwaye susumetela kwisenzo: ukwenzakalisa kakhulu kuye okanye kwabanye.
• Ngubani na lo seSkitsofreniya? Okokuqala, umntu othambekele neurosis hypochondriacal, kukho iindidi ukucalulwa uloyiko ngqiqweni, unesifo depersonalization.
• Ngelo kusekwangoko kubonakala tai (eyoyikisayo iingcinga izifaka kunye nemifanekiso).
• Unako kwakhona bagcine sluggishness, silale, sokulibala, silale, kunye nokungabikho ngokupheleleyo iimfuno zesini.

ukugula ngengqondo

Phantsi imeko psychosis ibhekisela Spring Fever in schizophrenics. Lubonakala ngenxa yokulahlekelwa lodibaniso gqitha. Ukuncipha orientation, iimpawu njengesiqhelo athathe ifomu hypertrophied. Kukholelwa ukuba nkqu onempilo ufumana ngandlel 'ithile kwi yasekwindla nemvula yasentwasahlobo. Oku kubonakaliswa melancholia, silale ephilayo jikelele novithamini izivuka, kwanciphisa ukusebenza.

Noko ke, abaninzi "abaphilisi yomphefumlo" Bathi e schizophrenics Spring Fever - le ntsomi ngaphezu ngokwenene. Mandundu kweemeko esi sifo kunqabile ehlala ngexesha elithile enyakeni.

eksperimenti Rozenhana

Emva ngo-1973 ngengqondo D. Rozenhan kubanjwe umfuniselo ibonwe kwaye kuyingozi. Waxelela ihlabathi njani ukuba seSkitsofreniya, uze ubuyele esiqhelweni. Wayezazi kakuhle symptomatology zesi sifo, yaye wenza kakuhle kangangokuba wakwazi ukulinganisa schizophrenia, ukubetha unesifo kwikliniki ngengqondo, yaye kwiveki kamva ngokupheleleyo "waphilisa" kwaye abuyele ekhaya.

Emva kwexesha elithile, umfuniselo umdla liphindwe, kodwa ke ngoku kwengqondo ngqindilili wayekwiqela nabahlobo ngamakroti. Ngamnye kubo wayesazi kakuhle kakhulu ukuba ube seSkitsofreniya, uze ayilwe ebonisa impiliso. ibali esinomdla myalelo yokuba ukuba sibhalwe la magama "schizophrenia esweni." Ngaba oku kuthetha ukuba bengqondo musa ukuhamba ithuba ukubuyiselwa kunye uxilongo yoyikekayo azisukele ubomi bakhe bonke?

enkulu crazy

Komxholo othi "schizophrenics Famous" ebangela eninzi mpikiswano enengxolo. Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, le walithiywa ogudileyo kwanikezelwa phantse wonke umntu uphumelele eziphakamileyo nanto ubugcisa, okanye nawuphi na omnye umsebenzi. umnxeba seSkitsofreniya zonke ezinye umbhali, igcisa, weqonga, umphengululi, yimbongi sobulumko. Kakade ke, inyaniso kwezi ngxelo kancinane, kwaye abantu badla ukudida italente, eyinqaba kunye nobuchule nangemiqondiso yokugula ngengqondo.

Ubunzima le iintsizi umbhali Russian uNikolay Vasilevich Gogol. Ezikwenza psychosis, ugalelwe yimincili kunye nomsebenzi wazala iziqhamo. Loo schizophrenia zibangelwa ukuhlaselwa yokoyika, hypochondria, bephelelwa umoya. Xa ncono, umbhalo-ngqangi idumileyo yatsha. Umbhali wachaza ukuba amaqhinga kaSathana.

Vincent van Gogh waye wagula sengqondo. Uvuyo nolonwabo balandelwa uhlaselo iingcinga ukuzibulala. Esi sifo inkqubela ngumzobi ilixa X - wabamba ngokusebenza odumileyo, ngexesha apho wamnqamla indlebe yakhe waza wathumela yinxalenye yale siqwenga intanda yakhe lona njengesikhumbuzo, waza emva koko wathunyelwa kwiziko kuba ugula ngengqondo.

I-sobulumko German Fridrih Nitsshe waba une "schizophrenia". ukuziphatha yakhe ayahlukanga ukwanela, iimfeketho zokufeketha ubungangamsha kwakuyinto. Kukho ingcamango yokuba imibhalo yakhe nefuthe inqubo Adolf Hitler waza wamomeleza umnqweno wakhe ukuba abe "inkosi wehlabathi."

Yinto akukho mfihlakalo ukuba izazinzulu seSkitsofreniya - akukho yintsomi. A Umzekelo umxhelo - sezibalo American Dzhon Forbs Nesh. uphethwe lakhe - "schizophrenia paranoid." UYohane yaziwa Bulelani ehlabathini ukuya film "A Beautiful Mind." Wala ukusela iipilisi, echaza ukuba nefuthe elibi ubuchule kwengqondo yakhe. Abantu ukuphatha ibe igeza engeyongozi, kodwa yezibalo wayesadla imbasa Prize Nobel.

Indlela ukuqaphela seSkitsofreniya?

1. Isigulane iyayeka ukuthetha nabahlobo babo, njengoko ubona kubo abo babemenzele iyelenqe, amaxoki iintshaba abafuna ukuba ifile.
2. Ukuhlaselwa of kude kunye bodwa na indawo zizwana ngokugqithiseleyo.
3. SeSkitsofreniya wayethetha yedwa, kwaye akukho ebeka banal njenge "Uphi na izitshixo bam?" Le kokuma akanalo ngokupheleleyo ekuqiqeni, incoko yakhiwe ngendlela engaqhelekanga, kuthiwa "n'ekiweebwayo 'ukusuka kwenye ingcamango ukuya kwenye. Kukho libinzana lezamayeza for "logic-kugawulwa" - le ndlela yokucinga, nto leyo luphawulwa philosophising ezingafanelekanga, baziziyatha, engenanto, izigwebo banal.
4. zobuntu Tshintsha ubuntu (nokuchaneka kunye ukugqibelela nindinika indlela nobutshijolo yaye sloppiness).
5. Utshintsho mbono, ngokuqhelekileyo banxiba khona.
6. ukuziphatha Strange, lokuziphatha ngendlela engamkelekanga.

Kodwa ke, ukuba kukho eminye imizekelo kuluhlu ukuba abathanga ethetha ngento umntu ogula kakhulu. Loo uphethwe ngenyameko kakhulu iingcali abanobuchule ngokulinganiswa. Emva schizophrenia - eli ibala yaye wakwenza njani oko isivakalisi.

Njani ukuba wehlelwe ingqumbo umguli?

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, uluntu ngabantu abagula ngengqondo, kodwa akunakwenzeka xa ilungu lentsapho seSkitsofreniya. Kufuneka wenze ntoni kule meko? Okokuqala, kufuneka ufunde ngononophelo ulwazi malunga nendlela ukuziphatha a seSkitsofreniya. Kukho inani lwemithetho:

1. Musa ukubuza imibuzo ejoliswe kukucacisa iinkcukacha zengxelo bazikhohlisa.
2. Musa bathi, ukuzama nezityholo umguli.
3. Ukuba ogulayo iimvakalelo ezinamandla kakhulu (uloyiko, umsindo, intiyo, usizi, ixhala), ukuzama ukwenza ukwehlisa. Kodwa musa ukulibala ukubiza ugqirha.
4. Ngononophelo olukhulu ukuvakalisa izimvo zabo.
5. Musa bacukuceza, Musa ukoyika.

kunukwa

Yayingubani a seSkitsofreniya usoyika? Lo ngumntu ogula iimfeketho zokufeketha (wobukhwele, megalomania, iimfeketho zokufeketha yentshutshiso), abachatshazelwa uloyiko, amathandabuzo, nemibono, wacinga disorder. Isifo kwenzeka kubantu abadala ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-25 kwaye kwibakala okuqala njengembi. Le yenye ntlobo zixhaphakileyo ngesifo sengqondo.

"Impambano Heavy" womntwana

Ukuze abazali, akukho nto mbi kokuba umntwana egulayo. Abantwana schizophrenics - into rhoqo. Bona, ke, zahluke oontanga babo. Isifo kungenziwa nkqu kunyaka wokuqala wobomi, kodwa kubonakala kakhulu kamva. Ngokuthe ngcembe lo mntwana luthe urhoxile, bamanzi nabantu ababathandayo kunokubonwa disorder wacinga kunye nelahleko epheleleyo umdla kwimisebenzi yesiqhelo. Wakhawuleza ukuya ngxaki elibhaqiweyo, ngempumelelo ngakumbi kumzabalazo ochasene nawo. Kukho ezinye iimpawu ekufuneka bangazisa:

• Ehamba emhlabeni yaye ngapha nangapha.
• yokususa Rapid kunye ebunayo nesele nje ngephanyazo.
• Impulsiveness.
• iinyembezi Unmotivated, umntwana, ukuhleka, ndlongo.
• Kuyabanda.
• Silale, ukungabikho linge.
• Ukuwa intetho kunye nokungakwazi.
• ukuziphatha etyeni.

schizophrenia ebuntwaneni babewoyika iingxaki. Ukuba inkqubo wabonakala phezu nqanaba ukuyilwa umntu, ukuze abonakale siphene oligofrenopodobny kunye yokudodobala kwengqondo.

unyango

Kukho ingcamango umdla ukutshintsha indlela ubomi seSkitsofreniya. Kutheni oogqirha kunye oonjingalwazi kunye namagqirha okhanyayo ixesha lethu liye akafunyanelwanga ngendlela esebenzayo ukuze ukunyanga? Yinto elula kakhulu: ngesifo sengqondo - isifo yomphefumlo, ngoko iyeza yenza kube nzima ukuqhuba kwakhona, kodwa aggravates kuphela indima yawo.

A unyango, uye endlwini kaNdikhoyo, nguye lowo aphilise umphefumlo. Kakade ke, ekuqaleni, le ndlela akukho namnye lamkele, kodwa kamva, xa izalamane beza lithemba, ukuba sivume ukuzama nokuba yintoni. Ngokumangalisayo, inkolelo kumandla aphilisayo ibandla kwaye basebenze ummangaliso.

ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo

Exacerbation of schizophrenics ukuba gxwa yokothuka izalamane msinya. Ithuba nokoyika oobhubhane bezifo kufuna esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Oku kuya ukukhusela okusingqongileyo osondeleyo kunye nokukhusela isigulane. Maxa wambi kusenokubakho ezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene into yokuba seSkitsofreniya alizithathi indoda egulayo. Zonke iingxoxo engqiqo uya kwaphulwa phezu kodonga olungenanto ukungaqondani bakhe, ngoko ke kufuneka senze ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe. Kwakhona kufuneka bawuqhele iimpawu isilumkiso isilinganiselo ukuhluleka:

• Ukutshintsha imo ye yesiqhelo.
• Iimpawu yokuziphatha eyayikho ngaphambi uhlaselo lokugqibela.
• Ukwala ukuya kwengqondo.
• Ukungabikho okanye ngokugqithiseleyo iimvakalelo.

Ukuba iimpawu zisekuhleni kanye, kuyimfuneko ukuba azise gqirha, ukunciphisa amathuba neziphumo ezibi isigulana evela ngaphandle, musa ukutshintsha isingqisho kunye nendlela yokuphila.

Tips close

Abantu abanesizalwane enjalo, ngokufuthi ubehlala ilahleko ukuqonda indlela ukuhlala nabo phantsi kophahla olunye. Ukuze siphephe olahlwa, kuyimfuneko ukufunda ulwazi malunga nendlela yokuphila nge seSkitsofreniya:

• Izigulane kufuneka unyango lwexesha elide kwaye kufuneka zigcinwe phantsi koqwalaselo rhoqo.
• Uthomalaliso ngokuqinisekileyo liya kuba exacerbation kunye likakade.
• Kuyimfuneko ukuba kubekho iqumrhu umsebenzi kunye yasendlini kumguli kwaye ayinakuze igqithe.
• umonakalo olugqithisileyo ekwaziyo.
• Xa ugula ngengqondo awukwazi ukufumana nomsindo, amayeyeye, axakane. Abakwazi ukuya ukususa nokugxekwa.

Kwakhona, iimpawu iinzame zokuzibulala ezayo kufuneka wazi:

1. iingxelo jikelele malunga kungenangqiqo kunye impermanence bobukho, nesono sabantu.
2. wokulindela nathemba.
3. Amazwi, wayalela ukuba ukuzibulala.
4. Zokuqiniseka isigulane ukuba ukubandezeleka evela unesifo esinganyangekiyo.
5. Kuzolile ngesiquphe kunye Ukumiselwa.

Ukuthintela yintlekele, kufuneka bafunde ukwahlula phakathi ukuziphatha "obuqhelekileyo" sokudlathuka seSkitsofreniya. Akwenzeki ukuba ngoyaba intetho yakhe malunga umnqweno ukuzibulala, umntu oqhelekileyo unako ngale ndlela kufuna ingqalelo kumntu yakhe, kodwa seSkitsofreniya wahlukile. Ukuba zama ukudlulisela engqondweni yakhe ukuba kungekudala isifo kunyathela bucala uze isiqabu. Kodwa ke kufuneka kwenziwe kakuhle unobtrusively.

Amahlwempu, ukuba isigulane unesifo utywala okanye ukuxhomekeka iziyobisi, oku kwandisa sifo, nzima kakhulu inkqubo yokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe nalo, ayinikele ukumelana iziyobisi, kodwa kwandisa ukuthambekela ubundlobongela.

Ubundlobongela apha umi ndaweni-nye. Abantu abaninzi baxhalabile malunga mbuzo: kukho kungenzeka ukuba ngomonakalo seSkitsofreniya kwabanye? Kufuneka ngoko nangoko kuqatshelwe ukuba ingozi zentlalo into akabaxwa. Kakade ke, ukuba kukho izandulela, kodwa ukuba ufakela ulwalamano uphambene lwentembeko bebanyamekela kakuhle, izinga ngaphandle ngokupheleleyo.