Plevna Chapel eMoscow: ukuba indlela apho?

E Moscow, kukho isi- amaqhawe Plevna, ekwabizwa ngokuba ilitye lesikhumbuzo ukuya grenadiers wagaxeleka kwi nasekuxinweni Isiphango of Plevna. Yintoni na le emfazweni Plevnenskoe yaye ngoobani na amaqhawe Grenadier?

I-episode awalithabathayo kweMfazwe Russian-Turkish

Idolophu Bulgarian of Pleven, okanye Russian Pleven, ibekwe kwinxalenye esemantla lizwe, waya ezantsi kwimbali njengenye iziganeko ezibalulekileyo imfazwe ka-1877-1878 phakathi eRashiya ne Turkey. Esi siganeko ke anikelwe film wumbe "Gambit Turkish", ifilimu phezu inoveli ngu Boris Akunin, kwaye inoveli B. Vasilyev "baba nebyli". Turks ilwelwe ngokwabo bangamaqhawe. Ngomhla inxalenye imikhosi Russian-isiRomania bathathwa 4 ukuya kuhla umzi, yaba enqabeni. Kwaye kugxile e Plevna Osman Pasha wenza nkqu sortie enye. Le singqingiwe njalo ke isixeko, eyathatha iinyanga ezine, abantu bavalelwe kwangethuba Russian wavumela baseTurkey ukomeleza kakhulu Istanbul kunye Adrianople.

Bayahlelwa oonyana amajoni Russian - ukuba akhulule ezinye izizwe

Plevna ezingaphezulu kwama-31 amawaka amajoni Russian owabonisa phezu edabini, njengesiqhelo, imimangaliso sobukhalipha. Plevna Chapel wayeyalelwe wayecebe ukuba zakhiwe kwisiza ngokufa kwawo, kodwa Muscovites beye bafuna ukuba kwigumbi wahlala eMoscow. Kodwa Russia indlwana mhle basinde ukudalelwa ebuhlungu. Ngexesha lesikhumbuzo nokungafuni ukuba amaqhawe Plevna, kwathiwa limisiwe nje kuphela - kwaguqulwa ibe yangasese kawonke. Asikokugxeka - yinto nobudenge phezu memory of the amaqhawe bewile bakhaya emfazweni, amajoni zesiqhelo.

Grenadiers - mabutho aphambili

Phakathi amashumi amawaka Abafayo grenadiers, zazijongwa ngokufunza elihamba okanye mahashe. Igama ke onayo esuka kumncedisi we igama endala esandla ( "Grenada", okanye "iziqhushumbisi"). La majoni ilungiselelwe lokukuhlasela okanye zokungqinga utshaba iinqaba. Baba ngabokuqala, nabokuqala, afe. Kwathathwa kula macandelo ngcono, kunye nokuma elungileyo kunye nesibindi zobuqu. Ngoko ke, xa sithetha grenadier wabiza indoda enkulu kunye ngqindilili.

Emva kwemfazwe, amajoni asindileyo umzimba kwi-mali zobuqu sagqiba ukwakha lesikhumbuzo ukuya Heroes of Plevna. umbono wabo lwaqhutywa phakathi kweminyaka eli-10.

Abenzi bemeko- lesikhumbuzo

Umbhali mboni - Vladimir Osipovich Sherwood (1832-1897), lo odumileyo Russian artist, nomkroli kunye lokwakha. Yena ngumdali litye lesikhumbuzo edumileyo N. I. Pirogovu, ukuyiphi iprojekthi le Historical Museum ngomhla Red Square eMoscow, eRashiya, eni abaninzi abantu abaziwayo. Ukongeza ulwakhiwo kwigumbi le V. baziincamisa abanamakhono I. Shervuda, ngubani wezakhiwo nomkroli, yena inxaxheba sashiya AI Lyashkin. Isikhumbuzo seshumi - 11 Disemba 1887 - ekuqaleni umyezo Ilyinsky kwakhiwa ndlwana. Wabiza lesikhumbuzo "Grenadiers -. Heroes of Plevna"

kunikezelwa

Ivula kwenzeka kunye nengxolo enkulu: langoku kwibhunga kwisixeko ngokupheleleyo, irhuluneli, Prince VA Dolgoruky, umphathi owayesakuba Grenadier Corps P. S. Ganetsky kunye nxaxheba Plevnenskogo emfazweni Jikelele MP Danilov. Ukongeza, i langoku "isiqingatha-pack kwi iikwayara ezintlanu zomculo." Hits iinxalenye Grenadier lweSizwe, squadrons ezine ekampini eMoscow wathabatha ngokwakhe Marshal Grand Duke UNikolai Nikolayevich Elder, umphathi xa intloko yomkhosi weDanube. Xa umoya festive isenzo lokutshintshela lesikhumbuzo eMoscow, wawongwa irhuluneli Alekseev. Kukho uguqulelo ukuba ekuqaleni kwisiza izicwangciso ukwakha lesikhumbuzo kuphela Jikelele M. D. Skobelevu, iqhawe imfazwe Russian-Turkish. Kudla bembethe okumhlophe, usoloko ihashe elimhlophe, wabonakala phakathi emfazweni, ngokwenene isibindi lobuqu wamajoni. Le mbono sele eqokelele imali, kodwa ngenxa yesizathu esithile oko akamkeleka.

yamagugu esizwe

Plevna Chapel eMoscow amajoni asindileyo le Grenadier webutho, akha imali yakhe kwinkumbulo kwi Comrades bawa. Isicelo indlwana elizayo yawo mikhulu, kodwa imali eqokelelweyo akonelanga bonke emnye, ngoko, le mifanekiso iqingqiweyo yokuqala zatshintshwa isiqabu ophezulu (umfanekiso kunceda ngaphezu moya yi ngaphezu kwesiqingatha), kodwa ukususela neminatha womlowureli ngokubanzi kwafuneka ukuba uyekwe. iindawo kwesinyithi ngamnye lesikhumbuzo yaqokelelwa ngokuchanileyo olukhulu kahle: beentanda azibonakali kwaphela. Ezine Imifanekiso ephakamileyo ayivathise kwigumbi ibonisa iziganeko imfazwe Russian-Turkish, baseTurkey itywiniweyo nolwaphulo kumazwe yaseBulgaria kunye nabanye abakhululi Russian.

nesakhiwo

Libe Plevna Chapel eMoscow i umnqamlezo ayencokola yingcwele wentente-igcwalisiwe, kwaye useko eliphantsi. On amacwecwe babe kumatye amazwi, angazisa, wokuwonga elaa siganeko, yaye kuye ilitye, la amagama grenadiers kwabafileyo (amagosa-18 kunye namajoni 542), ezidweliswe nempi eziphambili. iintsika Siphose-yentsimbi ezazifanele ukuba neeklabhu iminikelo baxhasa amajoni izilima kunye neentsapho zabo. Inxalenye engaphakathi ecaweni ahombise iithayile evela Polychrome. Apha ezindongeni langaphakathi ibekwe imifanekiso abangcwele Orthodox, ingakumbi ziyanqulwa eRashiya: uCyril Methodius, Aleksandra Nevskogo, Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, St. uYohane Gorha.

yintlekele Common izakhiwo zonqulo ebudeni akekho

Akucacanga ukuba kutheni ezikhumbuzo kubemi elula of Tsarist Russia yatshabalala. njani utshontsha umonakalo kunye namagama amaxhoba apho kwicandelo kokuba kufike lokuposa? Noko ke, le lesikhumbuzo iye baphangwe onakaliswa ngexesha leSoviet. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo waphakamisa lo mbuzo usidilizile layo, lo lokunyibilikisa of ihagu zentsimbi kunye nenjongo yokwenza oko isikhumbuzo Kuibyshev. Ngethamsanqa, oku akuzange kwenzeke. Xa novalo kade ecaweni ngenkulungwane yokugqibela ngisho ukuze ethile - imibhalo ihonjiswe abuyisela emnqamlezweni. Iminyaka emininzi le lesikhumbuzo satshatyalaliswa kunye ghost. Kule minyaka ingama-50 obugutyungelwe ukwakhiwa ukubola, kutheni emnyama. Kwaye wema phezu square Zinjengonomgogwana abamnyama lifile de-1992, xa abasemagunyeni wamnikela uNicholas Kuznetsky etempileni.

uvuko

Monument ukuya Heroes of Plevna Chapel baqalisa ukuvuselela ngakumbi esebenzayo ukususela 1999, xa Alexy II wathabatha oyidingayo zomkhosi phantsi kogcino wakhe. Yena walizinzisayo ne kwefama yakhe oosolusapho, ukuphefumla ngoko ecaweni ubomi obutsha. Ukususela kulaa mzuzu ukuya kule mini apha rhoqo baba zemingcwabo ozinikeleyo. ezingcwele kubuyisela Ukukhanyisa kwaqhutywa Matshi 1, 1998. Salungiswa ngemali leCawa Russian Orthodox, ilitye lesikhumbuzo ukuya yayiyinzwakazi encamisileyo engaqhelekanga. alulame kuthatha Society of amarhamente lwenkcubeko Orthodox. Ukubuyiselwa ekhokelwa uNjingalwazi Di Zarudin. Njengesiqhelo, kukho kwakhona ayenganelisekanga kunye nomsebenzi owenziwayo, kukholelwa ukuba gilding ngokugqithiseleyo okonakalisa lesikhumbuzo, siwenze ube ezifanayo. Chernen'kii waba ngcono. Ngokucacileyo, le kwigumbi ezintle, nto leyo iba ubutyebi bembali ezinjalo, i esasiyindumasi eMoscow. Kodwa iincwadi neemovie kuvusa umdla njengoko Muscovites kunye ziindwendwe ingqukuva.

wobuciko indawo

Plevna Chapel eMoscow na dilesi zilandelayo: Moscow, ukuhamba Lubyanka (isikhululo metro "China Idolophu"). Le lesikhumbuzo iqukiwe zonke izikhokelo kwikomkhulu, ulwazi malunga nayo ifumaneka ngokubanzi. Lo is igama edume intsimbi njengoko ulwandlalo ufana intsimbi yentsimbi enkulu. Enye amaphepha ezininzi ezintle incwadi yomsebenzi yokwabelana uloyiso Russian - ilitye lesikhumbuzo ukuba amaqhawe Plevna eMoscow. Njani ukuba lo wobugcisa V. I. Shervuda? Sele sibonile ukuba isikhululo esikufuphi komhlaba, edityaniswe zonke iinkalo eMoscow - "China Town". Njengoko igama libonisa, ukuba indawo Ilyinsko esangweni, nto leyo indlwana, ibekwe kumbindi eMoscow kwaye yenye isitshixo. Ibhekisela kwisiThili Abakwenzayo, ephakathi kwe Old and New Square, zokuhamba Lubyanka kunye Ilinka. Le street uya ngqo ukuya oqingqiweyo Spasskaya inqaba. Loo nto phakathi ehamba umgama yesicelo i lesikhumbuzo ukuya Heroes of Plevna. Indlela fika kwindawo oya kuyo izithuthi zikawonke-wonke umhlaba? Ukuyeka "Ilyinsky Gates" ezi trolleybuses inani 25 no 45 ibhasi H3 ibhasi 325M. Kodwa ukuba avela kwezinye iindawo 4-5. Eyona ndlela elula ukuya nayiphi na indawo embindini eyinkunzi kwi-metro.