Painting Khokhloma - ubugcisa Russian, owayebonakele ngenkulungwane ye-17

Kunzima kuthi ngqo xa wabonakala Khokhloma ukupeyinta, kodwa bekufanele ukuba, oko ngenkulungwane ye-17. Ngexesha iinguqulelo ibandla, xa Amakholwa Endala batshutshiswa, baye bafumana indawo yokusabela emahlathini kunye needolophana ezincinane. imizi emikhulu zivaliwe kubo ngonaphakade. Kodwa kwafuneka azivelelayo feed, baze bagqiba ukuzama ukudlulisela ubuchule iconography kunye yomhombiso ngeemveliso kweenkuni. Malunga nexesha elifanayo yaye kwakukho dolls yokwakha edumileyo, apho kamva ngokuba "Hohloma".

Ekukholelwa ukuba abo babebambelele akwazi ukugcina ngqangi yamandulo, imifanekiso kunye amalaphu ezahlukeneyo kufuze. Khokhloma ukupeyinta kwakusekelwe phezu kwabo. Ekuqaleni ezenziwe ngesandla iinkosi baba kuphela ngabapeyinti ngqo, ngoko waqala ukuhlanganyela nabo kunye namanye Amakholwa Old, kwakunye namalungu kwimvukelo Solovetsky. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, le ndlela iye idumile, ukuba yaqala ukuba inxaxheba yonke ilali. Kwaye enye kwiilali ukwenza ungenanto, enye - ukuba usile emthini, kwaye eyesithathu - ukupeyinta. Uninzi lomsebenzi obandakanyekayo amadoda, abafazi bancedwa kuphela ngokugqibezela imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo encedisayo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba abantwana besebancinane yathatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo womzobo. Bona, Kakade ke, musa uthembe ekwenziweni kwemisebenzi enzima, kodwa kulula ukumelana primer okanye olifleniem.

Ngokubanzi, Khokhloma painting yathandwa hayi ngenxa wonke umsebenzi kwenziwa ngesandla. Ngelo xesha endandihlala ukuba abantu abaninzi kangaka izityebi eRashiya ukuthengisa imveliso ngexabiso eliphezulu. Eyona nto kukuba efanayo xa uqala kuqala, impahla iziqalelo wayesoloko ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. neendebe zegolide wayibeka phezu kweenxweme iVolga River, ngoko ihanjiswa ukusuka apho kwilizwe liphela. Ngaphezu koko, kwaye ngaphaya kwemida eRussia esithandwayo Russian Khokhloma. Elements womzobo kwi nezitya zegolide, amacephe okanye Decor asinakho ukulishiya nabani akanankathalo.

A isici esasenza Khokhloma kukuba akukho templates okanye imizekelo. Wonke imivimbo olwaluthwele ndiyinkosi, wenza phantse uhamba. Kodwa kukho imithetho ethile kwikhusi. Ngokumalunga netheknoloji kwimveliso yokuqala, amaplanga wokuqala primer. Oku bekuyimfuneko ukwenzela ukuba kutywinwe imingxunya amancinci lulwelo-kungenwa nto. Waza wenziwa putty, leyo yayinenjongo nokumgqubuthela amaqhina, ziingozi ezincinane kunye nezinye iimpazamo eseleyo emva kokuba ukusebenza Turner. oliflenie kuqhutywa Emva koko, ngaphandle yokutyabeka umgubo aluminiyam (afunekayo ukunika ifomu nombala segolide) kuba nzima. Kwaye ngoko ke bayazi kanye ukupeyinta. iipateni ezintsonkothileyo iibhrashi walala phezu imiphezulu zinzima. Ngenxa yoko, i-Russian Khokhloma - ukupeyinta, ifoto leyo eya umfanekiso ubuhle ukuze sibonwe ngokwenyani. Xa impahla ezininzi iimyuziyam ezigcinwe, ogama indalo lisukela emva kwinkulungwane ye-18. Njengomgaqo, iipateni kubonakala uthando endalo, nto leyo sisasazwa Umlimi ngamnye isihloko sakhe.

Khokhloma ukupeyinta iye bungalahleki kwesinomhlwa intsingiselo yalo kude kube namhlanje. Kakade ke, ubugcisa owayephila sele isiya isohluka nangakumbi, wafumana ezininzi ezifana ngeentlobo izinto zokuhombisa ukuba Usigxadazelise entsonkothileyo ezaqanjwa wobugcisa. Zonke ezizoba zikho ukuba zibe ukufudumala, njengoko ngamnye kubo ngesandla. Akukho namnye matshini akayi kuba nako ukuthumela amandla enkulu entle njengoko kwenza ezandleni zabantu.