Operation Spring Awakening (1945). 70 Operation Spring Awakening

Isiphetho yeSibini kweMfazwe Yehlabathi yaba kwisigqibo elahlekayo emva Idabi Stalingrad, xa iindleko iinzame ezinkulu eSoviet Army ayikwazanga lilahle kuphela fascists nezikhundla ekhubekisayo, kodwa ukufaka umkhosi wesithandathu lutshaba, phantsi ngokomyalelo Friedrich Paulus. Kwaye nangona zisekhona iminyaka engaphezu kwama emibini phambi kokuba uloyiso kwaye waba nokulwa ezinkulu eli dabi liye enze isiqalo esitsha emfazweni. Idabi yokugqibela enkulu zemfazwe kakhulu ezoyikekayo kwimbali yabantu yaba Operation Spring Awakening. Iikhosi amadabi zayo balwa e Lake Balaton. Januwari - Matshi 1945 ngenqindi phantsi kumiselwa indlela yokugqibela Wehrmacht.

Ibhalansi ye imikhosi

Winter 1945 nabaphumi- i-anti-uHitler angalawuliyo baba ukusebenza ngempumelelo ekhubekisayo, ukudala isoyikiso sokwenene Berlin. Hitler, uziva ubukhulu yokwenene forces kwakunzima, le yokugqibela kugqitywe umsebenzi wakhe wamajoni kunye 'uhambo uloyiso "kulo lonke elaseYurophu ukuya eMpuma ngokuchasene imikhosi Soviet, ziyadibana kunye front yesibini.

Ngomhla inxalenye engundoqo bayahlaselwa Red Army kaThixo Makugcinwe ngaphambili yesithathu Ukrainian phantsi kolawulo Marshal Fedora Tolbuhina. Inkxaso enikwa yi Bulgaria First Bulgarian Army, kwicala eYugoslavia - umkhosi Okwesithathu waseYugoslavia.

Xa eqala wenza imikhosi Army "South" kunye Army lweSizwe esinqatyisiweyo Air Force wesine. Ukongeza koku kwicala amaNazi enza iHungary, wanika Okwesithathu Hungarian Army.

Injongo kaHitler

Operation Spring Awakening, zenzeka ekwintshona Hungary, kwabangelwa iinjongo kakhulu aluncedo. Nditsho iimeko ngokubasongela ngqo sele e Berlin, uHitler wagqiba ukuqokelela ukuphikiswa-uCarroll e Hungary. Izinga wayeceba ukuba uwise abachasi bakhe baya phesheya weDanube. Ngenxa yoko, kuye kulindeleke ukuba ngexesha ukusebenza kuvuthelwa iya kurhoxiswa eVienna kunye Southern Jamani. Noko ke, kwakukho esinye isizathu. Nantsi iqhosha ngamaNazi oli. Ilahleko ezi zibonelelo kumkhosi zwilakhe kwakuthetha ukopha imikhosi vehicles kunye nomoya.

Lo msebenzi, nto leyo ikhowudi igama "Spring Awakening", elalibalwa kwi hits ezintathu, injongo leyo ukwahlula ukuziphendulela ngaphambili wesithathu Ukrainian, uze kutshabalalisa utshaba.

Ukuxelwa izicwangciso German

Ngokwamaqela imikhosi ngokungenalusini karhulumente vehicles entshona of Hungary, ubukrelekrele yiSoviet yabhaqwa ngoFebruwari. Ekuhambeni kwexesha avelise ulwazi ubukrelekrele utyhila izicwangciso utshaba ukuze lohlaselo ezizayo. Ngenxa yonke ingcaciso ayifumene yenzelwe ngononophelo kwaye ukulungele Operation Spring Awakening. Umsebenzi wabelwa umyalelo ngaphambili yesibini neyesithathu Ukrainian le Umyalelo Ephakamileyo, ukuze ayichithe imfuno amabutho ngokungenalusini karhulumente. Kungenxa Scouts yayiwenze iimbalelwano, Operation Spring Awakening Hitler wajika omnye isikhonkwane ibhokisi bamandla ayo jikelele.

Ngaxeshanye, inkokheli eSoviet emkhosini yaqhubeka amalungiselelo ukulungiselela eVienna ekhubekisayo.

ukulungiselela ukusebenza

Operation Spring Awakening yayisekelwe kumava Battle of Kursk. Ngokukodwa, iyilwe ngononophelo anti-itanki ukuzikhusela, baba okhuseleko silungiselwe abantu kunye nezithuthi, iindlela zixhotyiswe ukwenzela ukunika ithuba kushenxa, ukongeza, amacandelo ingakumbi liyingozi zokudubula kakhulu yinto enye - lexinene kwezinye iindawo yandisiwe ukuya 60 - 70 amaqhekeza izixhobo ngekhilomitha nganye.

iindawo eziphathekayo yobugcisa phantsi kolawulo ekhethekileyo elungiselela. Impumelelo ixhomekeke kakhulu indlela elungelelanisiweyo iya kuba kukubonelela ngaphambili kunye amafutha kunye emthethweni. Ukuhanjiswa kweempahla, esasingakunxweme ngasempumalanga weDanube, yaye nzima ziziqhushumbisi waseJamani, kwaye ice yoqhawulo-up. Ngoko, kwagqitywa ekubeni kusekwe umbhobho zepetroli wamiswa iimoto intambo.

imisebenzi Military

imikhosi yaseJamani lasungula umsebenzi ngobusuku Matshi 6. Kwisithuba seeyure ezimbalwa iiyunithi yaseJamani likwazile ukufaka bridgeheads amabini phambili iikhilomitha ezisibhozo kangakanani ngokubanzi. kwagqitywa ukuthumela reserve nomkhosi webutho, ukomeleza kwizikhundla sakulukhusela yi umyalelo yiSoviet. Malunga yethoba kusasa utshaba wenza ukuhlasela iphambili, leyo zenzeka kwi indawo ephakathi Lake Balaton ne Velence. Ngoncedo yokuhlaselwa ezinamandla yimikhosi itanki wayekwazi ngokuhlwa ukuthatha indawo exhasayo, bangena nzulu kulo wokhuselo iikhilomitha ezine.

Ngosuku olulandelayo, utshaba waqhubeka ukwenza iinzame nokusingelwa enkulu ukuba atyhudise eziphumelela Soviet. Wajika ye-Red Army, ukuba imikhosi ngokungenalusini karhulumente amanye angu kasixhenxe esondweni kummandla wakhe kwebhola. Aviation e Operation Spring Awakening eye inani kobunzima okubangelwa ngezimanga zendalo, oko kukuthi, ngokufuthi inkungu nezangaphakathi wehlela.

Idabi yathatha zizonke iintsuku ezilishumi. Ngeli xesha, amaNazi likwazile ukuya phezulu ayi-30. Battle lokuceba emangalisayo hlukile inani kwezixhobo (iirekhodi ibonisa ukuba ngekhilomitha womphambili ukuya kwiitanki 60), kwakunye inani kwexesha yokulwa, amaJamani laqalisa ekhubekisayo yabo phantse imini nobusuku, esebenzisa izibuko ngombono ebusuku. Nangona kunjalo, le break zange baphumelele nakumasoldati weDanube lwamaNazi. Iilahleko baba omkhulu kakhulu, kwaye umyalelo yaseJamani yayingenanto ukwenza, ukuze eziwela ngayo uhlaselo. Lomsebenzi yaphela Matshi 15. A umkhosi Soviet phantse ngaphandle ikhefu lasungula ngokuchasene eVienna.

Iziphumo kwempi

Ilahleko omnye iimfazwe ezininzi amazwe kwamashumi amawaka. Ngokutsho kwicala eSoviet, Red Army walahlekelwa malunga-33 amawaka., Apho malunga 8.5 amawaka. Uyabulawa. Ukulahlekelwa icala yaseJamani yaba kwama-40 amawaka. Man, ngokunjalo neeyunithi 800 of ezahlukeneyo izixhobo ezinzima kunye moya ngaphezulu kwama-200.

Ukususela ekuqaleni ngo-1945 (Operation Spring Awakening ngokunjalo) wabonisa lunxano obungapheliyo uloyiso yabantu ubunzima ukusuka ethath kangangoko mkhulu. Ngethamsanqa kuthi, ezi ntsuku ukoyikeka ngaphezulu, kodwa memory yokusebenza woobawo bethu kunye kwanootatomkhulu kwi iintliziyo nemiphefumlo yabantu unanamhla. Lo nyaka uphawula iminyaka engama-70 ka-Operation Spring Awakening - kulwa oluyindlobongela ngumsindo kwi ithuba lokugqibela. Le ndlela, leyo wabandakanyeka waza wahlala ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi wonke urhulumente ngoku kubonwa imiboniso kwi-Central Museum izithuthi vehicles kummandla eMoscow.